南海北部深水盆地油气渗漏系统及天然气水合物成藏机制研究
摘要
深水盆地往往为天然气水合物和深水油气的共存区域。天然气水合物既是一种重要的油气资源,又是深水油气开发中引起地质灾害的重要因素。如果能实现深水油气和天然气水合物联合开发,将具有重要的经济价值;然而,目前尚不知两者的共存规律。根据南海北部白云凹陷高分辨率地震资料的综合解释成果,识别出大量的深部油气渗漏现象,包括有利于流体运移的气烟囱构造、深水水道砂体、海底滑坡、多边形断层等渗漏构造,提出了该区天然气水合物可能的成藏模式,指出了天然气水合物富集模式及其与游离气和深水油气渗漏的共存规律。
Gas hydrate usually occurs with deepwater hydrocarbon together in the deepwater basin of the northern South China Sea.Gas hydrate is not only a giant potential resource,but also an important factor of geohazard for deepwater oil development.It could have great economic benefit if deepwater oil and gas hydrate could be developed together.However,it is unclear for the distribution of the gas hydrate and deepwater hydrocarbon.Based on the high resolution seismic data of Baiyun Sag in the north of South China Sea,various hydrocarbon leakage structures were discovered,such as gas chimneys,coarse submarine fans,active faults,submarine slides and polygonal faults,etc.Finally,the reservoir-forming model of gas hydrate was proposed,and the distribution law of gas hydrate coexisting with free gas and deepwater hydrocarbon was indicated.
Gas hydrate usually occurs with deepwater hydrocarbon together in the deepwater basin of the northern South China Sea.Gas hydrate is not only a giant potential resource,but also an important factor of geohazard for deepwater oil development.It could have great economic benefit if deepwater oil and gas hydrate could be developed together.However,it is unclear for the distribution of the gas hydrate and deepwater hydrocarbon.Based on the high resolution seismic data of Baiyun Sag in the north of South China Sea,various hydrocarbon leakage structures were discovered,such as gas chimneys,coarse submarine fans,active faults,submarine slides and polygonal faults,etc.Finally,the reservoir-forming model of gas hydrate was proposed,and the distribution law of gas hydrate coexisting with free gas and deepwater hydrocarbon was indicated.
引文
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[24]朱俊章,施和生,何敏,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷深水区LW3-1-1井天然气地球化学特征及成因探讨[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(2):229-233.
[3]吴时国,陈姗姗,王志君,等.大陆边缘深水区海底滑坡及其不稳定性风险评估[J].现代地质,2008,22(3):430-437.
[3]Gay A,Lopez M.Isolated seafloor pockmarks linked to BSRs,fluid chimneys,polygonal faults and stacked Oligocene-Mioceneturbiditic palaeochannels in the Lower Congo Basin[J].MarineGeology,2006,226:25-40.
[4]张功成,米立军,吴时国,等.深水区——南海海洋油气勘探的新领域[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):15-21.
[5]吴能友,张海啟,杨胜雄,等.南海神狐海域天然气水合物成藏系统初探[J].天然气工业,2007,27(9):1-6.
[6]Zhang Haiqi,Yang Shengxiong,Wu Nengyou,et al.Successfuland surprising results for China s first gas hydrate drilling expedi-tion[J].Fire in the Ice:Methane Hydrate Newsletter,2007(fall):6-9.
[7]吴时国,姚根顺,董冬冬,等.南海北部陆坡大型气田区天然气水合物的成藏地质构造特征[J].石油学报,2008,29(3):324-328.
[8]吴时国,董冬冬,杨胜雄,等.南海北部陆坡细粒沉积物天然气水合物系统的形成模式初探[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(7):1849-1857.
[9]姚伯初,杨木壮,吴时国,等.中国海域的天然气水合物资源[J].现代地质,2008,22(3):333-341.
[10]吴能友,梁金强,王宏斌,等.海洋天然气水合物成藏系统研究进展[J].现代地质,2008,22(3):356-361.
[11]Dong D D,Zhang G C,Zhong K,et al.Tectonic evolution anddynamics of the deepwater area of Pearl River Mouth Basin,northern South China Sea[J].Journal of Earth Science,2009,20(1):147-159.
[12]吴时国,秦蕴珊.南海北部陆坡深水沉积体系研究[J].沉积学报,2009,27(5):922-930.
[13]Weimer P,Slatt R M,Dromgoole P,et al.Developing and man-aging turbidite reservoirs:case histories and experiences:resultsfrom the AAPG/EAGE research conference[J].AAPG Bulle-tin,2000,84:453-464.
[14]Weimer P,Slatt R M.Introduce to the petroleum geology indeepwater setting[J].AAPG Studies in Geology,2007,57:8-13.
[15]Weiberger J L,Brown K M.Fracture network and hydrate distri-bution,Oregon[J].Earth and Plantary Science Letters,2006,245:123-136.
[16]Huffman A R,Bowers G L.Pressure Regimes in SedimentaryBasins and Their Prediction[M].Tulsa:American Associationof Petroleum Geologists,2002:1-238.
[17]吴时国,孙启良,吴拓宇,等.琼东南盆地深水区多边形断层的发现及其油气意义[J].石油学报,2009,30(1):22-26.
[18]孙运宝,吴时国,王志君,等.南海北部白云大型海底滑坡的几何形态与变形特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2008,28(6):69-77.
[19]Wu S G,Wang X J,Wong HK,et al.Low-amplitude BSRs andgas hydrate concentration on the northern margin of the South Chi-na Sea[J].Marine and Geophysical Research,2007,28(2):127-138.
[20]Trehu A,Ruppel C,Holland M,et al.Gas hydrate in marinesediments:lessons fromScientific Ocean Drilling[J].Oceanog-raphy,2006,19(4):124-143.
[21]Chen D,Su Z,Cathles L.Types of gas hydrates in marine envi-ronments and their thermodynamic characteristic[J].Terrestri-al,Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences,2006,17(4):723-737.
[22]张光学,祝有海,梁金强,等.构造控制型天然气水合物矿藏及其特征[J].现代地质,2006,20(4):605-612.
[23]付少英,陆敬安.神狐海域天然气水合物的特征及其气源探讨[R].广州:广州海洋地质调查局,2009.
[24]朱俊章,施和生,何敏,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷深水区LW3-1-1井天然气地球化学特征及成因探讨[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(2):229-233.
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