渤海湾盆地区燕山期构造特征与盆地转型
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摘要
以各种地震资料的分析解释、构造解析为基础,对燕山期渤海湾盆地区构造特征与盆地转型过程进行了研究.结果表明:燕山早期渤海湾盆地区以挤压褶皱及逆冲断裂发育为主,在太行山以东、盐山—歧口—兰聊断裂以西地区主要展布方向为NE和NNE向,整体具有西强东弱的特征,在盐山—歧口—兰聊断裂以东的济阳坳陷区,以NW(W)向的逆冲断层发育为主;燕山中期研究区以伸展构造发育为主,在太行山以东、盐山—歧口—兰聊断裂带以西地区断层展布方向主要为N(N)E向,盐山—歧口—兰聊断裂带以东、郯庐断裂带以西、张家口—蓬莱断裂带以南地区主要发育NW(W)向负反转断层,张家口—蓬莱断裂带以北地区以N(N)E向断裂发育为主;燕山晚期以正反转断层及新生逆冲断层发育为主.燕山期渤海湾盆地区发生了三次重要的盆地转型,燕山早期由印支期的挤压隆升剥蚀转型为山间坳陷盆地,燕山中期由山间坳陷转型为强烈的陆内断陷盆地,燕山晚期由陆内断陷盆地转为隆起区遭受剥蚀.区域构造背景的转变是燕山期渤海湾盆地区转型的主控因素,不同构造期盆地的叠加改造造成了研究区前第三系油气地质条件的复杂性和多样性.
Based on inlerpretalion of various seismic data and structural analysis,the structure characteristics and basin transformation in the Bohai Bay basin in the Yanshan era are studied.The results show that in the early stage of the Yanshan era compressional folds and thrust faults developed in this basin.The main directions were NE and NNE in the area between the Taihang Mountains and Yanshan- Qikou-Lanliao fault,and developed intensively in the east and weakly in the west.While in the Jiyang depression east of Yanshan-Qikou-Lanliao fault,most of the thrust faults were NW(W) trending.Externsional structures developed in this area in the middle stage of the Yanshan era.the faults between the eastern Taihang Mountains and the western of Yanshan-Qikou-Lanliao fault zone trends N(N)E. The NW(W)trending negative inversion faults developed in the area among the eastern Yanshan-Qikoi-Lanliao fault zone,the western of Tanlu fault and the southern of Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault zone.Further more,the faults in the north of the Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault zone were N(N)E trending.In the late stage of the Yanshan era,positive inversion faults and palingenetic thrust faults developed.The Bohai Bay basin experienced three significant transformations during the Yanshan era,the basin of uplift,extrusion and ablation in Indo-China era transformed in to an intermountain depression in the early stage of the Yanshan era,then turned into intensive continental fault basin in the middle stage of Yanshan era,finally changed into denudation of the uplift in the late stage of Yanshan era.The change of regional tectonic background is the main controlling factor of the transformation of the of Bohai Bay basin in the Yanshan era.The superposition and alteration of different structural stages led to complicated and multiple hydrocarbon geological conditions of pre-Paleogene.
Based on inlerpretalion of various seismic data and structural analysis,the structure characteristics and basin transformation in the Bohai Bay basin in the Yanshan era are studied.The results show that in the early stage of the Yanshan era compressional folds and thrust faults developed in this basin.The main directions were NE and NNE in the area between the Taihang Mountains and Yanshan- Qikou-Lanliao fault,and developed intensively in the east and weakly in the west.While in the Jiyang depression east of Yanshan-Qikou-Lanliao fault,most of the thrust faults were NW(W) trending.Externsional structures developed in this area in the middle stage of the Yanshan era.the faults between the eastern Taihang Mountains and the western of Yanshan-Qikou-Lanliao fault zone trends N(N)E. The NW(W)trending negative inversion faults developed in the area among the eastern Yanshan-Qikoi-Lanliao fault zone,the western of Tanlu fault and the southern of Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault zone.Further more,the faults in the north of the Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault zone were N(N)E trending.In the late stage of the Yanshan era,positive inversion faults and palingenetic thrust faults developed.The Bohai Bay basin experienced three significant transformations during the Yanshan era,the basin of uplift,extrusion and ablation in Indo-China era transformed in to an intermountain depression in the early stage of the Yanshan era,then turned into intensive continental fault basin in the middle stage of Yanshan era,finally changed into denudation of the uplift in the late stage of Yanshan era.The change of regional tectonic background is the main controlling factor of the transformation of the of Bohai Bay basin in the Yanshan era.The superposition and alteration of different structural stages led to complicated and multiple hydrocarbon geological conditions of pre-Paleogene.
引文
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[7] 郭兴伟,施小斌,丘学林,等.渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷新生代裂后不整合、加速沉降事件及其成因浅析[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(2) :455～464． Guo X W, Shi X B, Qiu X L, et al. Cenozoic post rift unconformity and the accelerated subsidence events of the Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin and preliminary analyses on their original mechanism [J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2007,50 (2) : 455～464．
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[9] 李淑玲,孟小红,付立新,等.黄骅坳陷前新生代残留盆地结构与基底性质研究[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(9) :2204～2212． Li S L, Meng X H, Fu L X, et al. Research on preCenozoic residual basin structure and basement property of Huanghua Depression [J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2010, 53 (9) :2204～2212．
[10] 马寅生,崔盛芹,曾庆利,等.燕山地区燕山期的挤压与伸展作用[J].地质通报,2002,21(4～5) :218～223． Ma Y S,Cui S Q, Zeng Q L,et al. Yanshanian compression and extension in the Yanshan area [J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2002,21(4～5) : 218～223．
[11] 刘翠,邓晋福,苏尚国,等.华北地区燕山期岩浆活动热供给的初步数值模拟[J].地学前缘,2006,13(2) :158～164． Liu C,Deng J F, Su S G, et al. The numerical simulation of heat fluxes of Yanshanian igneous activity, North China [J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2006,13(2) : 158～ 164．
[12] 孙冬胜,刘池洋,杨明慧,等.冀中坳陷中区中生代中晚期大型拆离滑覆构造的确定[J].大地构造与成矿学,2004,28(2) :126～133． Sun D S,Liu C Y,Yang M H,et al. Evidence for the largescale detachment structure in middle area of Jizhong depression in mid late Mesozoic period [J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2004,28(2) : 126～133．
[13] 漆家福,杨桥,陆克政,等.渤海湾盆地基岩地质图及其所包含的构造运动信息[J].地学前缘,2004,11(3) :299～307． Qi J F,Yang Q, Lu K Z, et al. Geologic map of sub-outcrop and its implied information of tectogenesis in Bohai Bay basin province [J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2004, 11 (3) : 299 ～307．
[14] 李理,钟大赉,杨长春,等.渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷滑脱构造研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2) :521～530． Li L,Zhong D B, Yang C C,et al. The decollement structures in Jiyang Depression,Bohai Bay basin,China [J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2008,51 (2) : 521 ～ 530．
[15] 周建生,杨长春.渤海湾地区前第三系构造样式分布特征研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5) :1416～1426． Zhou J S, Yang C C. A study of pre-tertiary structural characteristics and evolution in the Bohai bay region [J]. Progress in Geophys. (in Chinese),2007,22(5) 1416～1426．
[16] 孙晓猛,吴根耀,郝福江,等.秦岭-大别造山带北部中-新生代逆冲推覆构造期次及时空迁移规律[J].地质科学,2004,39(1) :63～76． Sun X M, Wu G Y, Hao F J, et al. Epochs and spce-time migrating of Meso-Cenozoic thrust-nappe tectonics in the north Qingling-Dabie orogen [J]. Chinese Journal of Geology,2004,39(1) :63～76．
[17] 吴福元,孙德有,张广良,等.论燕山运动的深部地球动力学本质[J].高校地质学报,2000,6(3) :379～388． Wu F Y, Sun D Y, Zhang G L, et al. Deep geodynamics of Yanshain movement [J]. Geological Journal of China Universities, 2000,6 (3) : 379 ～388．
[18] 吴福元,葛文春,孙德有,等.中国东部岩石圈减薄研究中的几个问题[J].地学前缘,2003,10(3) :51～60． Wu F Y, Ge W C, Sun D Y, et al. Discussions on the lithospheric thinning in eastern China [J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2003,10(3) :51～60．
[19] 朱光,王道轩,刘国生,等.郯庐断裂带的演化及其对西太平 洋板块运动的响应[J].地质科学,2004,39(1) :36～49． Zhu G,Wang D X, Liu G S, et al. Evolution of the Tan-lu fault zone and its responses to plate movements in west pacific [J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 2004,39 (1) : 36～ 49．
[20] 滕吉文,闫雅芬,王光杰,等.大别造山带与郯庐断裂带壳、幔结构和陆内“俯冲”的耦合效应[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2) :449～457． TengJ W,Yan Y F,Wang G J,et al. Structure of Earth's crust and upper mantle, inland subduction and its coupling effects on the Dabie orogenic belt and the Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone [J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2006,49(2) :449～457．
[21] 张交东,杨长春,刘成斋,等.郯庐断裂南段走滑和伸展断裂的深部结构及位置关系[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(4) :864～873． Zhang J D,Yang C C, Liu C Z, et al. The deep structures of strike-slip and extension faults and their composite relationship in the southern segment of Tanlu fault zone [J]. Chinese J.Geophys. (in Chinese),2010,53(4) :864～873．
[2] 张宏仁.燕山事件[J].地质学报,1998,72(2) :103～111． Zhang H R. Yanshan event [J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 1998, 72(2) : 103～111．
[3] 赵越,杨振宇,马醒华.东亚大地构造发展的重要转折[J].地质科学,1994,29(2) :105～119． Zhao Y, Yang Z Y, Ma X H. Geotectonic transition from paleoasian system and paleotethyan system to paleopacific active continental margin in eastern asia [J]. Scientia Geologica Sinica, 1994,29(2) : 105～ 119．
[4] 周立宏,李三忠,刘建忠,等.渤海湾盆地区燕山期构造特征与原型盆地[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(4) :692～699． Zhou L H, Li S Z, Liu J Z,et al. The Yanshanian structural style and basin prototypes of the mesozoic Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Progress in Geophysics,2003,18(4) :692～699．
[5] 翟明国,朱日祥,刘建明,等.华北东部中生代构造体制转折的关键时限[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(10) :913～922． Zhai M G, Zhu R X, Liu J M,etal. Time-range of Mesozoic tectonic regime inversion in eastern North China block [J]. Science in China(Series D),2003,33:913～920．
[6] 任纪舜,邓平,肖藜薇,等.中国与世界主要含油气区大地构造比较分析[J].地质学报,2006,80(10) :1491～1500． Ren J S,Deng P,Xiao L W,et al.Petroliferous Provinces in China and the world:a comparison from tectonic point of view [J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(10) :1491～1500．
[7] 郭兴伟,施小斌,丘学林,等.渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷新生代裂后不整合、加速沉降事件及其成因浅析[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(2) :455～464． Guo X W, Shi X B, Qiu X L, et al. Cenozoic post rift unconformity and the accelerated subsidence events of the Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin and preliminary analyses on their original mechanism [J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2007,50 (2) : 455～464．
[8] 嘉世旭,张成科,赵金仁,等.华北东北部裂陷盆地与燕山隆起地壳结构[J].球物理学报,2009,52(1) :99～110． Jia S X,Zhang C K, Zhao J R, et al. Crustal structure of the rift-depression basin and Yanshan uplift in the northeast part of North China [J]. Chinese J . Geophys. (in Chinese) ,2009, 52(1) :99～110．
[9] 李淑玲,孟小红,付立新,等.黄骅坳陷前新生代残留盆地结构与基底性质研究[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(9) :2204～2212． Li S L, Meng X H, Fu L X, et al. Research on preCenozoic residual basin structure and basement property of Huanghua Depression [J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2010, 53 (9) :2204～2212．
[10] 马寅生,崔盛芹,曾庆利,等.燕山地区燕山期的挤压与伸展作用[J].地质通报,2002,21(4～5) :218～223． Ma Y S,Cui S Q, Zeng Q L,et al. Yanshanian compression and extension in the Yanshan area [J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2002,21(4～5) : 218～223．
[11] 刘翠,邓晋福,苏尚国,等.华北地区燕山期岩浆活动热供给的初步数值模拟[J].地学前缘,2006,13(2) :158～164． Liu C,Deng J F, Su S G, et al. The numerical simulation of heat fluxes of Yanshanian igneous activity, North China [J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2006,13(2) : 158～ 164．
[12] 孙冬胜,刘池洋,杨明慧,等.冀中坳陷中区中生代中晚期大型拆离滑覆构造的确定[J].大地构造与成矿学,2004,28(2) :126～133． Sun D S,Liu C Y,Yang M H,et al. Evidence for the largescale detachment structure in middle area of Jizhong depression in mid late Mesozoic period [J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2004,28(2) : 126～133．
[13] 漆家福,杨桥,陆克政,等.渤海湾盆地基岩地质图及其所包含的构造运动信息[J].地学前缘,2004,11(3) :299～307． Qi J F,Yang Q, Lu K Z, et al. Geologic map of sub-outcrop and its implied information of tectogenesis in Bohai Bay basin province [J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2004, 11 (3) : 299 ～307．
[14] 李理,钟大赉,杨长春,等.渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷滑脱构造研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2) :521～530． Li L,Zhong D B, Yang C C,et al. The decollement structures in Jiyang Depression,Bohai Bay basin,China [J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2008,51 (2) : 521 ～ 530．
[15] 周建生,杨长春.渤海湾地区前第三系构造样式分布特征研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5) :1416～1426． Zhou J S, Yang C C. A study of pre-tertiary structural characteristics and evolution in the Bohai bay region [J]. Progress in Geophys. (in Chinese),2007,22(5) 1416～1426．
[16] 孙晓猛,吴根耀,郝福江,等.秦岭-大别造山带北部中-新生代逆冲推覆构造期次及时空迁移规律[J].地质科学,2004,39(1) :63～76． Sun X M, Wu G Y, Hao F J, et al. Epochs and spce-time migrating of Meso-Cenozoic thrust-nappe tectonics in the north Qingling-Dabie orogen [J]. Chinese Journal of Geology,2004,39(1) :63～76．
[17] 吴福元,孙德有,张广良,等.论燕山运动的深部地球动力学本质[J].高校地质学报,2000,6(3) :379～388． Wu F Y, Sun D Y, Zhang G L, et al. Deep geodynamics of Yanshain movement [J]. Geological Journal of China Universities, 2000,6 (3) : 379 ～388．
[18] 吴福元,葛文春,孙德有,等.中国东部岩石圈减薄研究中的几个问题[J].地学前缘,2003,10(3) :51～60． Wu F Y, Ge W C, Sun D Y, et al. Discussions on the lithospheric thinning in eastern China [J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2003,10(3) :51～60．
[19] 朱光,王道轩,刘国生,等.郯庐断裂带的演化及其对西太平 洋板块运动的响应[J].地质科学,2004,39(1) :36～49． Zhu G,Wang D X, Liu G S, et al. Evolution of the Tan-lu fault zone and its responses to plate movements in west pacific [J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 2004,39 (1) : 36～ 49．
[20] 滕吉文,闫雅芬,王光杰,等.大别造山带与郯庐断裂带壳、幔结构和陆内“俯冲”的耦合效应[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2) :449～457． TengJ W,Yan Y F,Wang G J,et al. Structure of Earth's crust and upper mantle, inland subduction and its coupling effects on the Dabie orogenic belt and the Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone [J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2006,49(2) :449～457．
[21] 张交东,杨长春,刘成斋,等.郯庐断裂南段走滑和伸展断裂的深部结构及位置关系[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(4) :864～873． Zhang J D,Yang C C, Liu C Z, et al. The deep structures of strike-slip and extension faults and their composite relationship in the southern segment of Tanlu fault zone [J]. Chinese J.Geophys. (in Chinese),2010,53(4) :864～873．
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