多尺度地震资料联合成像
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摘要
为改善储层目标区域的成像质量,结合地面地震、VSP和井间地震的各自优势,采用归一化后的自适应叠加方法,实现3种资料偏移结果的联合成像,以达到各种资料优势互补、提高成像精度的目的。为了给联合成像提供精度较高的单种资料成像剖面,采用傅里叶有限差分叠前深度偏移算法实现地面地震资料成像;在VSP和井间地震资料的叠前成像中采用了基于起伏地表直接下延法成像思想,基于傅里叶有限差分延拓算子得到VSP和井间地震偏移结果。模型试算和实际资料的处理验证了多尺度地震资料联合成像法的正确性和有效性。
In order to improve the imaging quality of target reservoir area,combining the advantages of surface seismic,VSP and cross-well data,we adopt a method which is called normalized and adaptive stack to realize the joint imaging of these three migration results.Therefore,they can be complementary with each other and enhance the precision of imaging.For the purpose of offering high precision single imaging profile to joint migration,we get surface seismic migration result by Fourier finite difference pre-stack depth migration.And accor-ding to the conception of the continuation downward directly method based on the irregular surface and the Fourier finite difference continuation operator,we get the migration results of the VSP and cross-well data.The synthetic model and the real data tests prove that the joint migration method is correct and effective.
In order to improve the imaging quality of target reservoir area,combining the advantages of surface seismic,VSP and cross-well data,we adopt a method which is called normalized and adaptive stack to realize the joint imaging of these three migration results.Therefore,they can be complementary with each other and enhance the precision of imaging.For the purpose of offering high precision single imaging profile to joint migration,we get surface seismic migration result by Fourier finite difference pre-stack depth migration.And accor-ding to the conception of the continuation downward directly method based on the irregular surface and the Fourier finite difference continuation operator,we get the migration results of the VSP and cross-well data.The synthetic model and the real data tests prove that the joint migration method is correct and effective.
引文
①李振春.地震成像理论与方法.尚未出版。
[1]Nolet G.地震层析技术[M].冯锐,郝锦绮,译.北京:地质出版社,1991Nolet G.Seismic tomography[M].Translated by FENG Rui,HAO Jin-yi.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1991.
[2]Harris J M,Nolen-Hoeksema R C,Langan R T,et al.High-resolution crosswell imaging of a West Texas carbon-ate reservoir:part1-part5[J].Geophysics,1995,60(3):667-726.
[3]吴律.层析基础及其在井间地震中的应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997.WU Lü.Tomographic fundamentals with applications to crosswell seismic[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1997.
[4]魏国华.井间地震POSTMAP偏移成像研究及应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(5):322-325.WEI Guo-hua.Crosswell seismic POSTMAP migration and its application[J].Progress in Exploration Geophy-sics,2006,29(5):322-325.
[5]刘清林,管路平,王世库.井间地震野外资料的叠前波动方程深度偏移[J].石油物探,1995,34(3):1-13.LIU Qing-lin,GUAN Lu-ping,WANG Shi-ku.Prestack wave equation depth migration of field cross hole seismic data[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1995,34(3):1-13.
[6]严建文,方伍宝,曹辉,等.井间地震数据的波动方程偏移成像[J].地球物理学报,2008,52(3):908-914.YAN Jian-wen,FANG Wu-bao,CAO Hui,et al.Wave equation migration imaging of cross-well seismic data[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2008,52(3):908-914.
[7]宋建国.井间地震偏移速度扫描和反射波超级叠加技术[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,1999,23(1):23-26.SONG Jian-guo.Scanning technology of crosshole seismic migration velocity and ultra stacking of reflection wave[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edi-tion of Natural Science,1999,23(1):23-26.
[8]姚忠瑞,王延光,王成礼,等.3D VSP波动方程深度偏移成像方法研究[J].油气地球物理,2007,5(2):16-20.YAO Zhong-rui,WANG Yan-guang,WANG Cheng-li,et al.The research on3D VSP wave equation depth migra-tion imaging[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2007,5(2):16-20.
[9]方伍保,陈林,管路平.实测井间反射高分辨率成像[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(3):350-358.FANG Wu-bao,CHEN Lin,GUAN Lu-ping.High-reso-lution image of crosshole reflection waves[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,1996,31(3):350-358.
[10]王珺,乔玉雷,姚忠瑞,等.垂直地震剖面高斯束法偏移成像[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,32(4):29-33.WANG Jun,QIAO Yu-lei,YAO Zhong-rui,et al.Ver-tical seismic profile imaging by Gaussian-beam migration[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:E-dition of Natural Science,2008,32(4):29-33.
[11]Berryhill J R.Wave-equation datuming[J].Geophy-sics,1979,44(8):1329-1344.
[12]Reshef M.Depth migration from irregular surfaces with the depth extrapolation methods[J].Geophysics,1991,56(1):119-122.
[13]王成祥,赵波,张关泉.基于起伏地表的混合法叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(3):219-223.WANG Cheng-xiang,ZHAO Bo,ZHANG Guan-quan.Rugged surface oriented hybrid pre-stack depth migration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2002,37(3):219-223.
[1]Nolet G.地震层析技术[M].冯锐,郝锦绮,译.北京:地质出版社,1991Nolet G.Seismic tomography[M].Translated by FENG Rui,HAO Jin-yi.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1991.
[2]Harris J M,Nolen-Hoeksema R C,Langan R T,et al.High-resolution crosswell imaging of a West Texas carbon-ate reservoir:part1-part5[J].Geophysics,1995,60(3):667-726.
[3]吴律.层析基础及其在井间地震中的应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997.WU Lü.Tomographic fundamentals with applications to crosswell seismic[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1997.
[4]魏国华.井间地震POSTMAP偏移成像研究及应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(5):322-325.WEI Guo-hua.Crosswell seismic POSTMAP migration and its application[J].Progress in Exploration Geophy-sics,2006,29(5):322-325.
[5]刘清林,管路平,王世库.井间地震野外资料的叠前波动方程深度偏移[J].石油物探,1995,34(3):1-13.LIU Qing-lin,GUAN Lu-ping,WANG Shi-ku.Prestack wave equation depth migration of field cross hole seismic data[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1995,34(3):1-13.
[6]严建文,方伍宝,曹辉,等.井间地震数据的波动方程偏移成像[J].地球物理学报,2008,52(3):908-914.YAN Jian-wen,FANG Wu-bao,CAO Hui,et al.Wave equation migration imaging of cross-well seismic data[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2008,52(3):908-914.
[7]宋建国.井间地震偏移速度扫描和反射波超级叠加技术[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,1999,23(1):23-26.SONG Jian-guo.Scanning technology of crosshole seismic migration velocity and ultra stacking of reflection wave[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edi-tion of Natural Science,1999,23(1):23-26.
[8]姚忠瑞,王延光,王成礼,等.3D VSP波动方程深度偏移成像方法研究[J].油气地球物理,2007,5(2):16-20.YAO Zhong-rui,WANG Yan-guang,WANG Cheng-li,et al.The research on3D VSP wave equation depth migra-tion imaging[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2007,5(2):16-20.
[9]方伍保,陈林,管路平.实测井间反射高分辨率成像[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(3):350-358.FANG Wu-bao,CHEN Lin,GUAN Lu-ping.High-reso-lution image of crosshole reflection waves[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,1996,31(3):350-358.
[10]王珺,乔玉雷,姚忠瑞,等.垂直地震剖面高斯束法偏移成像[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,32(4):29-33.WANG Jun,QIAO Yu-lei,YAO Zhong-rui,et al.Ver-tical seismic profile imaging by Gaussian-beam migration[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:E-dition of Natural Science,2008,32(4):29-33.
[11]Berryhill J R.Wave-equation datuming[J].Geophy-sics,1979,44(8):1329-1344.
[12]Reshef M.Depth migration from irregular surfaces with the depth extrapolation methods[J].Geophysics,1991,56(1):119-122.
[13]王成祥,赵波,张关泉.基于起伏地表的混合法叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(3):219-223.WANG Cheng-xiang,ZHAO Bo,ZHANG Guan-quan.Rugged surface oriented hybrid pre-stack depth migration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2002,37(3):219-223.
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