川西坳陷中段关键不整合面剥蚀厚度恢复及其地质意义
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摘要
晚三叠世以来川西地区经历了以挤压作用为主的多期构造运动,在研究区造成了多个不整合面。本文以这些不整合面为研究对象,进行了关键不整合面识别和剥蚀厚度恢复,分析了不同剥蚀厚度代表的地质意义。通过镜质体反射率、地震反射剖面特征等分析,认为与川西坳陷中段中生界油气成藏关系密切的几期构造运动分别是安县运动、印支晚幕运动和喜山运动。根据具体资料情况分别选取了镜质体反射率-深度法、镜质体反射率-深度与参考层厚度法、声波时差法对相应的不整合面进行剥蚀量恢复。恢复结果表明:自晚三叠世开始,研究区构造强度中心经历了由北向南的迁移过程;研究区主要构造圈闭形成较早,有利于油气运聚成藏;喜山运动在研究区作用最强,并控制现今构造格局的形成;研究区成藏作用终止于喜山运动。
Tectonic movements have occurred frequently in the middle section of west Sichuan depression since the late Triassic, including the Indosinian movement, the Anxian movement, the Yanshan movement and the Himalaya movement. They are mainly caused by compressive stresses, leading to many unconformity surfaces. In this paper, considering these movements and the unconformity surfaces, the main unconformity surfaces are identified in the region, their denuded amounts are calculated, and the geological significance of the distribution of the denuded amounts is analyzed. Based on Vitrinite reflectance distribution characteristics and seismic reflection profile , it is shown that three of the tectonic movements are closely related with hydrocarbon accumulation of the mesozoic era in the region, that is, the late Indosinian movement, the Anxian movement and the Himalaya movement. According to the data availabe and due to the restrictions of the denudation recovery methods, the Vitrinite reflectance -depth method, the combined Vitrinite reflectance -depth and reference layer thickness method, and the sonic velocity analysis method are chosen to recover the denuded amount caused by the three movements, respectively. The calculation results of the denuded amounts show that the regional structural strength center has migrated from north to south since the late Triassic era; the Himalaya movement is the strongest of the movements and is mainly responsible to thecurrent tectonic pattern; the main structural traps have been formed before hydrocarbon migration and accumulation; and the hydrocarbon accumulation action has ceased after the Himalayan movement.
Tectonic movements have occurred frequently in the middle section of west Sichuan depression since the late Triassic, including the Indosinian movement, the Anxian movement, the Yanshan movement and the Himalaya movement. They are mainly caused by compressive stresses, leading to many unconformity surfaces. In this paper, considering these movements and the unconformity surfaces, the main unconformity surfaces are identified in the region, their denuded amounts are calculated, and the geological significance of the distribution of the denuded amounts is analyzed. Based on Vitrinite reflectance distribution characteristics and seismic reflection profile , it is shown that three of the tectonic movements are closely related with hydrocarbon accumulation of the mesozoic era in the region, that is, the late Indosinian movement, the Anxian movement and the Himalaya movement. According to the data availabe and due to the restrictions of the denudation recovery methods, the Vitrinite reflectance -depth method, the combined Vitrinite reflectance -depth and reference layer thickness method, and the sonic velocity analysis method are chosen to recover the denuded amount caused by the three movements, respectively. The calculation results of the denuded amounts show that the regional structural strength center has migrated from north to south since the late Triassic era; the Himalaya movement is the strongest of the movements and is mainly responsible to thecurrent tectonic pattern; the main structural traps have been formed before hydrocarbon migration and accumulation; and the hydrocarbon accumulation action has ceased after the Himalayan movement.
引文
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[4]王金琪.安县构造运动[J].石油与天然气地质,1990,11(3):223-234.Wang Jinqi.Oil and Gas Geology,1990,11(3):223-234.
[5]刘树根,孙玮,李智武,等.四川盆地晚白垩世以来的构造隆升作用与天然气成藏[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(3):293-300.Liu Shugen,Sun Wei,Li Zhiwu,et al.Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(3):293-300.
[6]付晓飞,李兆影,卢双舫,等.利用声波时差资料恢复剥蚀量方法研究与应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(1):11-13.Fu Xiaofei,Li Zhaoying,Lu Shuangfang,et al.Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing,2004,23(1):11-13.
[7]袁玉松,郑和荣,涂伟.沉积盆地剥蚀量恢复方法[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(6):104-110.Yuan Yusong,Zheng Herong,Tu Wei.Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2008,30(6):104-110.
[8]Dow W G.Kerogen studies and geological interpretations[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1977,7:79-99.
[9]佟彦明,宋立军,曾少军,等.利用镜质体反射率恢复地层剥蚀厚度的新方法[J].古地理学报,2005,7(3):417-423.Tong Yanming,Song Lijun,Zeng Shaojun,et al.Journal of Palaeogeography,2005,7(3):417-423.
[10]牟中海,唐勇,崔炳富,等.塔西南地区地层剥蚀厚度恢复研究[J].石油学报,2002,23(1):51-55.Mou Zhonghai,Tang Yong,Cui Bingfu,et al.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(1):51-55.
[11]Magara K.Thickness of removed sediments paleoporepressure and paleotemperature southwestern part of Western Canada Basin[J].AAPG Bulletin,1976,60(4):554-556.
[12]许浩,魏国齐,汤达祯,等.川西地区有机流体包裹体的特征分析及其地质意义[J].现代地质,2004,18(3):360-364.Xu Hao,Wei Guoqi,Tang Dazhen,et al.Geoscience,2004,18(3):360-364.
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