单点、组合接收的地震数据应用效果分析
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摘要
随着地震勘探技术的越来越精细,以单点接收为手段的高保真勘探必然是未来勘探的趋势。从单炮集、CMP道集、叠加剖面和叠前时间偏移对高密度单点接收和组合接收进行了对比研究。研究表明,组合地震数据采集(组合接收)方法是提高地震资料信噪比的有效手段,但地震波失真较大,不能满足精细岩性油气藏的勘探的现实需求;单点地震数据采集(单点接收)地震数据的地震波动态范围广、频带范围宽、地震分辨率较高,更适合小尺度勘探目标体的精细成像,而且通过室内特殊处理,特别是叠前时间偏移处理,也能够较好的压制干扰波。
With advancement of seismic exploration technology,single-point receiving as a means of high fidelity exploration is an inevitable trend of future exploration.This article comparatively studies high-density single-point and geophone array seismic data acquisition from single shot set,CMP gather,stack section and pre-stack time migration.The results show that the geophone array is an effective way to improve the SNR of seismic data,when facing large seismic wave distortion,it cannot meet the practical needs of the detailed lithological reservoir exploration;Single-point receiveing preserves seismic with wide dynamics,wide-band frequency,high seismic resolution,which is more suitable for small-scale exploration for targeting seismic fine imaging,and through special indoor processing,especially pre-stack time migration processing,it can better suppress interference waves.
With advancement of seismic exploration technology,single-point receiving as a means of high fidelity exploration is an inevitable trend of future exploration.This article comparatively studies high-density single-point and geophone array seismic data acquisition from single shot set,CMP gather,stack section and pre-stack time migration.The results show that the geophone array is an effective way to improve the SNR of seismic data,when facing large seismic wave distortion,it cannot meet the practical needs of the detailed lithological reservoir exploration;Single-point receiveing preserves seismic with wide dynamics,wide-band frequency,high seismic resolution,which is more suitable for small-scale exploration for targeting seismic fine imaging,and through special indoor processing,especially pre-stack time migration processing,it can better suppress interference waves.
引文
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[2]Claudio Stobbia,Anna Glushchenko,Andreas Laake,et al.Arctic near surface challenges:the point receiver solution to coherentnoise and statics[J].first break,2009,27(2):69-76.
[3]吕公河.高精度地震勘探采集技术探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(3):261-266.
[4]李庆忠,魏继东.高密度地震采集中组合效应对高频截止频率的影响[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4):363-369.
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