南海西北部晚中新世的红河海底扇
摘要
通过对南海西北部地震和钻井资料的研究,在莺歌海-琼东南盆地结合部发现了一个主要发育于晚中新世(黄流期)的巨型海底扇,该扇体在纵向地震剖面上具有楔状斜交前积构型,横向地震剖面上具丘状双向前积构型.位于扇体前端的YC35-1-2井的岩心和测录井资料表明黄流组主要为下部以砂岩为主,上部为砂泥互层的重力流沉积,结合黄流期主要为半深海沉积的区域地质背景,认为该扇体为一富砂/泥型的海底扇.其面积达上万平方公里,最厚处超过2000m,其下部富砂部分也超过5000km2.初步的物源区分析表明其西部的归仁隆起和北部的海南隆起都不可能作为该海底扇的主要物源区,而通过对莺歌海盆地黄流组的沉积相分析,认为其沉积物主要来自于红河,故将其命名为红河海底扇,它与红河三角洲以及相关的海底峡谷共同构成红河沉积体系.中中新世末东沙运动在莺琼结合部形成陆架坡折,并在莺歌海盆地造成大幅度的相对海平面下降,使红河水系直接推进到莺琼结合部,这是形成黄流组下部大型富砂海底扇的最重要的条件.其发现为青藏高原隆升和红河断裂带演化的研究提供了重要信息,并为南海北部深水油气勘探指出了新方向.
引文
1王二七.山盆耦合的一种重要形式:造山带及其侧陆盆地.科学通报,2004,49:370–374
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5林畅松,刘景彦,蔡世祥,等.莺-琼盆地大型下切谷和海底重力流体系的沉积构成和发育背景.科学通报,2001,46:69–72
6钟大赉,丁林.青藏高原的隆起过程及其机制探讨.中国科学D辑:地球科学,1996,26:289–295
7Clift P D,Lee J I,Blusztajn J,et al.Erosional response of South China to arc rifting and monsoonal strengthening recorded in the South China Sea.Mar Geol,2002,184:207–226
8Tapponnier P,Peltzer G,Armijo R,et al.On the mechanism of collision between India and Asia.In:Coward M P,Ries A C,eds.Colli-sion Tectonics.London:The Geological Society,1986,19:115–157
9王成善,戴紧根,刘志飞,等.西藏高原与喜马拉雅的隆升历史和研究方法:回顾与进展.地学前缘,2009,16:1–30
10Clark M K,Schoenbohm L M,Royden L H,et al.Surface uplift,tectonics,and erosion of Eastern Tibet from large-scale drainage patterns.Tectonics,2004,23:TC1006,doi:10.1029/2002TC001402
11Morley C K.A tectonic model for the Tertiary evolution of strike-slipfault and rift basins in SE Asia.Tectonophysics,2002,347:189–215
2Reading H G,Richards M.Turbidite systems in deep-water basin margins classified by grain size and feeder system.AAPG Bull,1994,78:792–822
3Fraser A J,Matthews S J,Murphy R W.Petroluem Geology of Southeast Asia.London:The Geological Society,1997.436
4向宏发,万景林,韩竹军,等.红河断裂带大型右旋走滑运动发生时代的地质分析与FT测年.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2006,36:977–987
5林畅松,刘景彦,蔡世祥,等.莺-琼盆地大型下切谷和海底重力流体系的沉积构成和发育背景.科学通报,2001,46:69–72
6钟大赉,丁林.青藏高原的隆起过程及其机制探讨.中国科学D辑:地球科学,1996,26:289–295
7Clift P D,Lee J I,Blusztajn J,et al.Erosional response of South China to arc rifting and monsoonal strengthening recorded in the South China Sea.Mar Geol,2002,184:207–226
8Tapponnier P,Peltzer G,Armijo R,et al.On the mechanism of collision between India and Asia.In:Coward M P,Ries A C,eds.Colli-sion Tectonics.London:The Geological Society,1986,19:115–157
9王成善,戴紧根,刘志飞,等.西藏高原与喜马拉雅的隆升历史和研究方法:回顾与进展.地学前缘,2009,16:1–30
10Clark M K,Schoenbohm L M,Royden L H,et al.Surface uplift,tectonics,and erosion of Eastern Tibet from large-scale drainage patterns.Tectonics,2004,23:TC1006,doi:10.1029/2002TC001402
11Morley C K.A tectonic model for the Tertiary evolution of strike-slipfault and rift basins in SE Asia.Tectonophysics,2002,347:189–215
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