塔里木盆地西部中上奥陶统萨尔干页岩与印干页岩的空间展布与沉积环境
|
摘要
中上奥陶统萨尔干页岩与印干页岩是塔里木盆地重要的海相烃源岩。通过对柯坪地区大湾沟剖面中上奥陶统萨尔干页岩、印干页岩与其上下地层关系的探地雷达测量,形成反映岩—震关系的地球物理剖面,从而将露头中的页岩准确标定于地震剖面中。以此标定成果为据,追踪阿瓦提凹陷内75条二维地震测线(总长1.8×104km)中的烃源岩,准确地刻画出了萨尔干页岩、印干页岩的展布范围。萨尔干页岩、印干页岩在阿瓦提凹陷内大面积展布,其西北部受控于沙井子断裂,北部超覆尖灭于胜利1井以南,东部超覆尖灭于满西2井附近台地边缘(此为新发现台缘),南部则止于巴楚断隆,西南部受控于阿恰断裂带。由于萨尔干页岩是中晚奥陶世形成的盆地初期沉积的烃源岩,其分布范围与厚度均小于印干页岩,但其有机质丰度却高于印干页岩。萨尔干页岩与印干页岩沉积时属于深水陆棚—盆地相环境,沉积古水深大致在60～200,m,甚至更深些。
The Middle-Upper Ordovician Salgan and Yingan shales are important marine hydrocarbon source rocks in the Tarim Basin. Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR)was used in measuring the relationship between black shales and its overlying and underlying strata at the Dawangou outcrop in Keping area in the Tarim Basin. The marker section of GPR was established which reflected the relationship between lithology and and seismic characters. As a result, the distribution of the black shales in the marker section can be correctly interpreted on the seismic profiles. Based on this, the hydrocarbon source rocks of totally 75 two-dimensional seismic lines(up to 18 000 km)in the Awati Sag were traced. The distribution area of the Salgan and Yingan shales was determined which were widely distributed in the study area. They are controlled by the Shajingzi rift in the northwestern region, onlapped in Well Shengli 1 in the southern region and controlled by the Aqia rift belt in the southwestern region. The distribution area and thickness of the Salgan shale are smaller than those of the Yingan shale,while its organic abundance is higher because it was the early deposited hydrocarbon souce rocks of the basin during the Middle-Late Ordovician. The Salgan and Yingan shales were deposited in the deep marine shelf-basin environments with a 60～200,m or even deeper water depth.
The Middle-Upper Ordovician Salgan and Yingan shales are important marine hydrocarbon source rocks in the Tarim Basin. Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR)was used in measuring the relationship between black shales and its overlying and underlying strata at the Dawangou outcrop in Keping area in the Tarim Basin. The marker section of GPR was established which reflected the relationship between lithology and and seismic characters. As a result, the distribution of the black shales in the marker section can be correctly interpreted on the seismic profiles. Based on this, the hydrocarbon source rocks of totally 75 two-dimensional seismic lines(up to 18 000 km)in the Awati Sag were traced. The distribution area of the Salgan and Yingan shales was determined which were widely distributed in the study area. They are controlled by the Shajingzi rift in the northwestern region, onlapped in Well Shengli 1 in the southern region and controlled by the Aqia rift belt in the southwestern region. The distribution area and thickness of the Salgan shale are smaller than those of the Yingan shale,while its organic abundance is higher because it was the early deposited hydrocarbon souce rocks of the basin during the Middle-Late Ordovician. The Salgan and Yingan shales were deposited in the deep marine shelf-basin environments with a 60～200,m or even deeper water depth.
引文
陈明,许效松,万方,等.2004.塔里木盆地柯坪地区中下奥陶统碳酸盐岩露头层序地层学研究[J].沉积学报,22(1):110-116.
陈旭.1990.论笔石的深度分带[J].古生物学报,29(5):507-526.
邓胜徽,黄智斌,景秀春,等.2008.塔里木盆地西部奥陶系内部不整合[J].地质论评,54(6):741-747.
邓世坤.2005.探地雷达野外工作参数选择的基本原则[J].工程地球物理学报,2(5):323-329.
高志勇,张水昌,张兴阳,等.2007.塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系海相烃源岩空间展布与层序类型的关系[J].科学通报,52(增):70-77.
高志勇,朱如凯,张兴阳.2006.塔里木盆地中上奥陶统碳酸盐岩烃源岩沉积环境[J].新疆石油地质,27(6):708-711.
何宏,彭苏萍,邵龙义,等.2002.巴楚隆起与阿瓦提凹陷寒武系及奥陶系沉积古地理分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,30(6):1-4.
何文渊,李江海,钱祥麟,等.2002.塔里木盆地柯坪断隆断裂构造分析[J].中国地质,29(1):37-43.
李大心.1994.探地雷达方法与应用[M].北京:地质出版社.
李德伦,张大权.2001.塔里木盆地北部坳陷震旦纪—奥陶纪大陆裂谷性质及其演化[J].长春科技大学学报,31(2):136-141.
梁狄刚,张水昌,张宝民,等.2000.从塔里木盆地看中国海相生油问题[J].地学前缘,7(4):534-547.
刘志宏,王孔伟,迟元林,等.2004.塔里木盆地阿瓦提—巴楚地区褶皱构造特征[J].地质科学,39(2):251-259.
罗平,张兴阳,顾家裕,等.2003.塔里木盆地奥陶系生物礁露头的地球物理特征[J].沉积学报,21(3):423-427.
孙坚,白明洲,王连俊.2004.探地雷达在地层划分中应用的研究[J].岩土工程技术,18(4):168-171.
王飞宇,杜治利,张宝民,等.2008.柯坪剖面中上奥陶统萨尔干组黑色页岩地球化学特征[J].新疆石油地质,29(6):687-689.
肖安成,杨树锋,李曰俊,等.2005.塔里木盆地巴楚隆起断裂系统主要形成时代的新认识[J].地质科学,40(2):291-302.
张宝民,赵孟军,肖中尧,等.2000.塔里木盆地优质气源岩特征[J].新疆石油地质,21(1):33-37.
张师本,倪寓南,龚福华,等.2003.塔里木盆地周缘地层考察指南[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1-280.
张水昌,梁狄刚,张宝民,等.2004.塔里木盆地海相油气的生成[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
赵靖舟.2001.塔里木盆地北部寒武奥陶系海相烃源岩重新认识[J].沉积学报,19(1):117-124.
赵靖舟,贾承造.2002.塔里木盆地阿瓦提—满加尔低梁构造特征和形成演化[J].地质论评,48(1):68-73.
周志毅.2001.塔里木盆地各纪地层[M].北京:科学出版社,1-335.
朱德丰,刘和甫,吴根耀.2008.塔里木盆地西部吐木休克断裂带的主要特征和构造演化[J].地质科学,43(2):209-227.
Asprion U,Aigner T.2000.An initial attempt to map carbonate buildupsusing ground-penetrating radar:An example from the Upper Jurras-sic of SW Germany[J].Facies,42:245-252.
Corbeanu R M,Soegaard K,Szerbiak R B,et al.2001.Detailed inter-nal architecture of a fluvial channel sandstone determined from out-crop,cores,and3-D ground-penetrating radar:Example from themiddle Cretaceous Ferron sandstone,east central Utah[J].AAPGBulletin,85(9):1583-1608.
Dagallier G,Laitinen AⅠ,Malartre F,et al.2000.Ground penetrat-ing radar application in a shallow marine Oxfordian limestone se-quence located on the eastern flank of the Paris basin,NE France[J].Sedimentary Geology,130:149-165.
Heckel P H.1977.Origin of phosphatic black shale facies in Pennsylva-nian cyclothems of Mid-Continent North America[J].AAPG Bulle-tin,61(7):1045-1068.
McMechan G A,Loucks R G,Zeng Xiaoxian,et al.1998.Ground pen-etrating radar imaging of a collapsed paleocave system in the Ellen-burger dolomite,central Texas[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,39:1-10.
Meschede M,Asperion U,Reicherter K.1999.Visualization of tectonicstructures in shallow-depth high-resolution ground penetrating radar(GPR)profiles[J].Terra Nova,9(4):167-17.
Potter P E,Maynard J B,Depetris P J.2005.Mud and Mudstones[M].Germany:Springer Berlin,1-297.
Robert G,Loucks,Stephen C,et al.2007.Mississippian Barnett Shale:Lithofacies and depositional setting of a deep water shale-gas succes-sion in the Fort Worth Basin,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,91(4):579-601.
陈旭.1990.论笔石的深度分带[J].古生物学报,29(5):507-526.
邓胜徽,黄智斌,景秀春,等.2008.塔里木盆地西部奥陶系内部不整合[J].地质论评,54(6):741-747.
邓世坤.2005.探地雷达野外工作参数选择的基本原则[J].工程地球物理学报,2(5):323-329.
高志勇,张水昌,张兴阳,等.2007.塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系海相烃源岩空间展布与层序类型的关系[J].科学通报,52(增):70-77.
高志勇,朱如凯,张兴阳.2006.塔里木盆地中上奥陶统碳酸盐岩烃源岩沉积环境[J].新疆石油地质,27(6):708-711.
何宏,彭苏萍,邵龙义,等.2002.巴楚隆起与阿瓦提凹陷寒武系及奥陶系沉积古地理分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,30(6):1-4.
何文渊,李江海,钱祥麟,等.2002.塔里木盆地柯坪断隆断裂构造分析[J].中国地质,29(1):37-43.
李大心.1994.探地雷达方法与应用[M].北京:地质出版社.
李德伦,张大权.2001.塔里木盆地北部坳陷震旦纪—奥陶纪大陆裂谷性质及其演化[J].长春科技大学学报,31(2):136-141.
梁狄刚,张水昌,张宝民,等.2000.从塔里木盆地看中国海相生油问题[J].地学前缘,7(4):534-547.
刘志宏,王孔伟,迟元林,等.2004.塔里木盆地阿瓦提—巴楚地区褶皱构造特征[J].地质科学,39(2):251-259.
罗平,张兴阳,顾家裕,等.2003.塔里木盆地奥陶系生物礁露头的地球物理特征[J].沉积学报,21(3):423-427.
孙坚,白明洲,王连俊.2004.探地雷达在地层划分中应用的研究[J].岩土工程技术,18(4):168-171.
王飞宇,杜治利,张宝民,等.2008.柯坪剖面中上奥陶统萨尔干组黑色页岩地球化学特征[J].新疆石油地质,29(6):687-689.
肖安成,杨树锋,李曰俊,等.2005.塔里木盆地巴楚隆起断裂系统主要形成时代的新认识[J].地质科学,40(2):291-302.
张宝民,赵孟军,肖中尧,等.2000.塔里木盆地优质气源岩特征[J].新疆石油地质,21(1):33-37.
张师本,倪寓南,龚福华,等.2003.塔里木盆地周缘地层考察指南[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1-280.
张水昌,梁狄刚,张宝民,等.2004.塔里木盆地海相油气的生成[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
赵靖舟.2001.塔里木盆地北部寒武奥陶系海相烃源岩重新认识[J].沉积学报,19(1):117-124.
赵靖舟,贾承造.2002.塔里木盆地阿瓦提—满加尔低梁构造特征和形成演化[J].地质论评,48(1):68-73.
周志毅.2001.塔里木盆地各纪地层[M].北京:科学出版社,1-335.
朱德丰,刘和甫,吴根耀.2008.塔里木盆地西部吐木休克断裂带的主要特征和构造演化[J].地质科学,43(2):209-227.
Asprion U,Aigner T.2000.An initial attempt to map carbonate buildupsusing ground-penetrating radar:An example from the Upper Jurras-sic of SW Germany[J].Facies,42:245-252.
Corbeanu R M,Soegaard K,Szerbiak R B,et al.2001.Detailed inter-nal architecture of a fluvial channel sandstone determined from out-crop,cores,and3-D ground-penetrating radar:Example from themiddle Cretaceous Ferron sandstone,east central Utah[J].AAPGBulletin,85(9):1583-1608.
Dagallier G,Laitinen AⅠ,Malartre F,et al.2000.Ground penetrat-ing radar application in a shallow marine Oxfordian limestone se-quence located on the eastern flank of the Paris basin,NE France[J].Sedimentary Geology,130:149-165.
Heckel P H.1977.Origin of phosphatic black shale facies in Pennsylva-nian cyclothems of Mid-Continent North America[J].AAPG Bulle-tin,61(7):1045-1068.
McMechan G A,Loucks R G,Zeng Xiaoxian,et al.1998.Ground pen-etrating radar imaging of a collapsed paleocave system in the Ellen-burger dolomite,central Texas[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,39:1-10.
Meschede M,Asperion U,Reicherter K.1999.Visualization of tectonicstructures in shallow-depth high-resolution ground penetrating radar(GPR)profiles[J].Terra Nova,9(4):167-17.
Potter P E,Maynard J B,Depetris P J.2005.Mud and Mudstones[M].Germany:Springer Berlin,1-297.
Robert G,Loucks,Stephen C,et al.2007.Mississippian Barnett Shale:Lithofacies and depositional setting of a deep water shale-gas succes-sion in the Fort Worth Basin,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,91(4):579-601.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心