基于起伏地表的叠加速度分析
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摘要
常规叠加速度分析方法虽然业已成熟,然而常规动校正方程是基于炮、检点处于同一水平基准面的假设,在地表起伏较大的地区,即使采用浮动基准面的方法,其速度分析误差也不容忽视。本文提出的基于起伏地表的叠加速度分析方法,应用双平方根方程计算反射波的旅行时间,可适用于地形起伏剧烈地区。文中用模型数据和野外地震资料对该法进行了测试,结果表明:与常规的固定基准面静校正法相比,用该法计算的叠加速度比较可靠,所得速度谱的聚焦效果更好,能获得较多的浅层速度信息,构造特征也刻画得更清晰。文中方法为地表起伏剧烈地区地震资料的速度分析提供了一种手段。
Although the ordinary stack velocity analysis method has already matured,the ordinary NMO equation is based on the supposal that the shot and receiver points are located a same horizontal datum plane.In surface-relief area,the error of velocity analysis is unable to be negligible even using floating datum method.The method of stack velocity analysis based on relief surface presented in the paper uses double-square-root equation to compute the travel time of reflections,which is suitable to use in the area where the topography is severely relief.The tests were carried out for the method by model data and field seismic data,which showed that in combination with common fix datum static correction method,the stack velocity computed by the method is more reliable and resulted velocity spectrum has better focus effect,which can obtain more velocity information in shallow layer and clearly demonstrate the structural feature.The method presented in the paper provided a tool for velocity analysis of seismic data in the area where the surface is severely relief.
Although the ordinary stack velocity analysis method has already matured,the ordinary NMO equation is based on the supposal that the shot and receiver points are located a same horizontal datum plane.In surface-relief area,the error of velocity analysis is unable to be negligible even using floating datum method.The method of stack velocity analysis based on relief surface presented in the paper uses double-square-root equation to compute the travel time of reflections,which is suitable to use in the area where the topography is severely relief.The tests were carried out for the method by model data and field seismic data,which showed that in combination with common fix datum static correction method,the stack velocity computed by the method is more reliable and resulted velocity spectrum has better focus effect,which can obtain more velocity information in shallow layer and clearly demonstrate the structural feature.The method presented in the paper provided a tool for velocity analysis of seismic data in the area where the surface is severely relief.
引文
[1]潘宏勋等.地震速度分析方法综述.勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(5):305～311
[2]Causse E et al.Large offset approxi mation to seismic reflection travelti mes.Geophys Prosp,2000,48(4):763～778
[3]Sun Cet al.Amplitude preserving3Dpre-stack Kirchhoff ti me migrationfor V(z)and VTI media.Expanded Ab-stracts of72nd SEG Mtg,2002,224～1227
[4]Taner Met al.A newtravel ti me esti mation method for horizontal strata.Expanded Abstracts of75th SEG Mtg,2005,2273～2276
[5]牟永光.地震勘探资料数据处理方法.北京:石油工业出版社,1981
[6]吕焕通等.RG线的认识及时深转换的基准面问题.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(1):35～37,57
[7]赵峰等.地震数据处理中静校正对动校正速度的影响.新疆石油地质,2004,25(4):390～393
[8]林伯香等.关于浮动基准面概念的讨论.石油物探,2005,44(1):94～97
[9]王顺国.复杂山区静校正方法研究及效果.石油物探,1998,37(4):93～103
[10]林伯香等.不同周期的地形起伏分量对叠加速度的影响.石油物探,2004,43(2):130～135
[11]Dave Marsden.Static corrections—a review,Part I.The Leading Edge,1993,12(1):43～49
[12]刘西宁等.复杂山地低信噪比地震资料处理方法.勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(1):41～44
[13]熊翥.复杂地区地震数据处理思路.北京:石油工业出版社,2002
[2]Causse E et al.Large offset approxi mation to seismic reflection travelti mes.Geophys Prosp,2000,48(4):763～778
[3]Sun Cet al.Amplitude preserving3Dpre-stack Kirchhoff ti me migrationfor V(z)and VTI media.Expanded Ab-stracts of72nd SEG Mtg,2002,224～1227
[4]Taner Met al.A newtravel ti me esti mation method for horizontal strata.Expanded Abstracts of75th SEG Mtg,2005,2273～2276
[5]牟永光.地震勘探资料数据处理方法.北京:石油工业出版社,1981
[6]吕焕通等.RG线的认识及时深转换的基准面问题.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(1):35～37,57
[7]赵峰等.地震数据处理中静校正对动校正速度的影响.新疆石油地质,2004,25(4):390～393
[8]林伯香等.关于浮动基准面概念的讨论.石油物探,2005,44(1):94～97
[9]王顺国.复杂山区静校正方法研究及效果.石油物探,1998,37(4):93～103
[10]林伯香等.不同周期的地形起伏分量对叠加速度的影响.石油物探,2004,43(2):130～135
[11]Dave Marsden.Static corrections—a review,Part I.The Leading Edge,1993,12(1):43～49
[12]刘西宁等.复杂山地低信噪比地震资料处理方法.勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(1):41～44
[13]熊翥.复杂地区地震数据处理思路.北京:石油工业出版社,2002
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