复杂山区初至波层析反演静校正
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摘要
提高静校正精度是取得复杂山区良好地震成像的一个重要条件.而建立在水平折射面假设基础之上折射波静校正方法,无论是假设前提还是实际应用效果,都不适应于地表剧烈起伏,速度纵、横向变化大的复杂区.为此本文提出使用初至波层析反演静校正方法,即利用地震记录中初至旅行时反演出表层速度模型,计算出炮点和检波点的静校正量.通过正演模拟数据和实际资料的验证,很好的解决了复杂地表引起的静校正问题.
The solution of static problem in complex mountainous areas is one of the most important aspects of better seismic imaging.The refraction static method is based on the hypothesis of horizontal refraction interface.Therefore,both the precondition and the practical applications have proved its incapability for the complicated areas characterized by severely relief surface and rapidly changed velocity both laterally and vertically.This paper recommends the tomographic inversion static by first breaks,that is to say,the first breaks of seismic records are used to inverse the surface velocities and calculate the long-period static corrections and the short-period static corrections.By using it to the forward modeling and the practical seismic data,the tomographic inversion method well solves the static problem caused by complicated surface.
The solution of static problem in complex mountainous areas is one of the most important aspects of better seismic imaging.The refraction static method is based on the hypothesis of horizontal refraction interface.Therefore,both the precondition and the practical applications have proved its incapability for the complicated areas characterized by severely relief surface and rapidly changed velocity both laterally and vertically.This paper recommends the tomographic inversion static by first breaks,that is to say,the first breaks of seismic records are used to inverse the surface velocities and calculate the long-period static corrections and the short-period static corrections.By using it to the forward modeling and the practical seismic data,the tomographic inversion method well solves the static problem caused by complicated surface.
引文
[1]刘伊克,常旭,王辉,李福中.三维复杂地形近地表速度估算及地震层析静校正[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(2):272.
[2]陈启元,王彦春,段云卿,等.复杂山区的静校正方法探讨[J].石油物探,2001,40(1):73～81.
[3]Beasley C J,Lynn W.The Zero-velocity layer:Migration fromirregular surfaces[J].Expanded Abstracts of64thAnnual Internet SEG Mtg,1989,1179～1183.
[4]王守东.复杂地表波动方程反演延拓静校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(1):31～34.
[5]徐朝繁,张先康,刘宝金,等.高分辨折射地震资料处理方法及其应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1052～1058.
[6]王海燕,高锐,马永生,朱铉,等.若尔盖盆地-西秦岭造山带结合部位深反射资料的静校正和去噪技术[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):743～749.
[7]李录明,等.初至波表层模型反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(1):559～564.
[8]Mike Cox著.反射地震勘探静校正技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:236.
[9]邹才能,张颖,等.油气勘探开发实用地震新技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002,89.
[10]井西利,杨长春.求解地震静校正问题的双尺度反演方法[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1460～1466.
[11]Van der Vluis A,Van der Vorst H A.SIRT-and CGtype methods for the interative solutions of sparse linear least-squares problems[J].Linear Algebra and its Application,1990,130:257～302.
[12]Ryzhikov G,Biryulina M,Hanyga A.3Dnonlinear inversion by entropy of image contrast optimization[J].Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics,1995,2:228～240.
[13]喻振华,冯德山,汤井田.地震波速与吸收系数综合层析成像[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1338～1341.
[14]陈国金,曹辉,吴永栓,邹飞,姚振兴.速度差对井间走时层析成像质量的影响及其改进方法.地球物理学报,2006,49(3):915～922.
[15]林伯香,肖万富,李博.层析静校正在黄土塬弯宽线资料处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(4):417～420.
[16]杨文军,段云卿,姜伟才,于富文.层析反演静校正[J].物探与化探,2005,29(1):42.
[17]李霞,张印堂.折射层析反演静校正在伊朗卡山地区的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展.2006,29(1):38～41.
[18]Belfer I,Landa E.Shallow velocity-depth model imaging by refraction tomography[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1996,44:859～870.
[19]Hampson D,Russell B.First-breakinterpretation using gen-eralized linear inversion[J].54thAnnual Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1984,84:532～534.
[20]张岭,刘劲松.从AGU2004秋季年会看地震层析成像的进展[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):600～610.
[2]陈启元,王彦春,段云卿,等.复杂山区的静校正方法探讨[J].石油物探,2001,40(1):73～81.
[3]Beasley C J,Lynn W.The Zero-velocity layer:Migration fromirregular surfaces[J].Expanded Abstracts of64thAnnual Internet SEG Mtg,1989,1179～1183.
[4]王守东.复杂地表波动方程反演延拓静校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(1):31～34.
[5]徐朝繁,张先康,刘宝金,等.高分辨折射地震资料处理方法及其应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1052～1058.
[6]王海燕,高锐,马永生,朱铉,等.若尔盖盆地-西秦岭造山带结合部位深反射资料的静校正和去噪技术[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):743～749.
[7]李录明,等.初至波表层模型反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(1):559～564.
[8]Mike Cox著.反射地震勘探静校正技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:236.
[9]邹才能,张颖,等.油气勘探开发实用地震新技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002,89.
[10]井西利,杨长春.求解地震静校正问题的双尺度反演方法[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1460～1466.
[11]Van der Vluis A,Van der Vorst H A.SIRT-and CGtype methods for the interative solutions of sparse linear least-squares problems[J].Linear Algebra and its Application,1990,130:257～302.
[12]Ryzhikov G,Biryulina M,Hanyga A.3Dnonlinear inversion by entropy of image contrast optimization[J].Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics,1995,2:228～240.
[13]喻振华,冯德山,汤井田.地震波速与吸收系数综合层析成像[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1338～1341.
[14]陈国金,曹辉,吴永栓,邹飞,姚振兴.速度差对井间走时层析成像质量的影响及其改进方法.地球物理学报,2006,49(3):915～922.
[15]林伯香,肖万富,李博.层析静校正在黄土塬弯宽线资料处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(4):417～420.
[16]杨文军,段云卿,姜伟才,于富文.层析反演静校正[J].物探与化探,2005,29(1):42.
[17]李霞,张印堂.折射层析反演静校正在伊朗卡山地区的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展.2006,29(1):38～41.
[18]Belfer I,Landa E.Shallow velocity-depth model imaging by refraction tomography[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1996,44:859～870.
[19]Hampson D,Russell B.First-breakinterpretation using gen-eralized linear inversion[J].54thAnnual Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1984,84:532～534.
[20]张岭,刘劲松.从AGU2004秋季年会看地震层析成像的进展[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):600～610.
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