层序生物地层学在柴达木盆地中的应用及展望
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摘要
在单井高分辨率层序地层分析基础上,应用层序生物地层学原理,以柴达木盆地西部咸东1井和咸8井为例,在新近系上油砂山组划分了一个层序生物地层单元,作为与下油砂山组分界的标志。以红柳泉-跃进地区为例,在古近系下干柴沟组下段划分了两个层序生物地层单元。连井等时对比发现,下干柴沟组下段标志性的"红层"顶界由西向东时代变新,反映了在基准面旋回的波动过程中湖泊范围随时间由西向东的扩大。在乌南地区,进一步将层序生物地层单元与地震地层相结合,在标准化石的约束下建立了该区层序生物地层格架,为柴西南地层划分对比建立了标准。研究认为,古生物、地震和高分辨率层序地层学的结合是层序生物地层学研究并建立区域等时地层格架的良好途径。
An integration of high-resolution sequence stratigraphic and sequence biostratigraphic analysis of well logs allows the recognition of a distinctive sequence biostratigraphic unit from the Neogene Shangyoushashan Formation of the well Xiandong-1 and the well Xiandong-8 in western Qaidam Basin,NW China.The unit is distinguished from the Xiayoushashan Formation in the same well of the same area and is used as a boundary marker.Two comparable sequence biostratigraphic units are also recognized from the lower Paleogene Xiaganchaigou Formation in the Hongliuquan-Yuejin area of the basin.Sequence biostratigraphic correlations show that the top boundary of the remarkable "red bed" in the lower Xiaganchaigou Formation gets younger eastwards,indicating an eastward lake expansion following fluctuations of base-level cycle.In the Wunan area of the basin,a sequence biostratigraphic framework is constructed under the constraint of characteristic fossils by integrating sequence biostratigraphic units with seismic stratigraphy,providing standards for regional stratigraphic division and correlations in southwestern Qaidam Basin.Accordingly,the integration of biostratigraphy,seismic stratigraphy and high-resolution sequence stratigraphy is a powerful approach in sequence biostratigraphic study and establishing regional isochronous stratigraphic frameworks.
An integration of high-resolution sequence stratigraphic and sequence biostratigraphic analysis of well logs allows the recognition of a distinctive sequence biostratigraphic unit from the Neogene Shangyoushashan Formation of the well Xiandong-1 and the well Xiandong-8 in western Qaidam Basin,NW China.The unit is distinguished from the Xiayoushashan Formation in the same well of the same area and is used as a boundary marker.Two comparable sequence biostratigraphic units are also recognized from the lower Paleogene Xiaganchaigou Formation in the Hongliuquan-Yuejin area of the basin.Sequence biostratigraphic correlations show that the top boundary of the remarkable "red bed" in the lower Xiaganchaigou Formation gets younger eastwards,indicating an eastward lake expansion following fluctuations of base-level cycle.In the Wunan area of the basin,a sequence biostratigraphic framework is constructed under the constraint of characteristic fossils by integrating sequence biostratigraphic units with seismic stratigraphy,providing standards for regional stratigraphic division and correlations in southwestern Qaidam Basin.Accordingly,the integration of biostratigraphy,seismic stratigraphy and high-resolution sequence stratigraphy is a powerful approach in sequence biostratigraphic study and establishing regional isochronous stratigraphic frameworks.
引文
1马永生,储昭宏.普光气田台地建造过程及其礁滩储层高精度层序地层学研究[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(5):548～556
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4青海石油管理局勘探开发研究院,中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所.柴达木盆地第三纪介形类动物群[M].南京:南京大学出版社,1988
5唐伦和,狄恒恕.柴达木盆地轮藻化石[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,1991
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7覃建雄.层序地层学发展的若干重要方向[J].岩相古地理,1997,17(2):63～70
8邓宏文,王红亮,祝永军.高分辨率层序地层学——原理及应用[M].北京:地质出版社,2002
9刘永强,刘晓龙.冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷留西地区沙三上亚段层序地层与隐蔽油藏[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(6):747～753
10邓宏文,王红亮,李小孟.高分辨率层序地层对比在河流相中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,1997,18(2):90～95.
11吴小红,吕修详,周心怀,等.黄河口凹陷浅水三角洲沉积特征及其油气勘探意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(2):165～172
12王起琮.旋回层序地层的控制因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(5):648～656
13罗权生,杨均奇,李森明.吐哈盆地红南9-12井新发现含油气地层归属问题[J].新疆石油地质,2008,29(1):117～119
14王化爱.东营凹陷古近系岩性地层油气藏层序地层学特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(2):158～164
15Brett C E.Sequence stratigraphy,biostratigraphy and taphonomy in shallowmarine environments[J].Palaios,1995,10(6):597-616
16Holland S M.The stratigraphic distribution of fossi[J].Palaeobio-logy,1995,21(1):92-109
17吴光华,王红亮,林会喜,等.渤海湾盆地埕岛地区东营组沉积特征及其油气地质意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(1):33～40
18蔡李梅,陈红汉,李纯泉,等.济阳坳陷东营凹陷沙三中亚段流体包裹体古流体势场恢复[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(1):17～25
19石世革.黄骅坳陷板桥凹陷古近系沙一段中部层序地层学研究与岩性油气藏勘探[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(3):320～325
2马洪,辛仁臣,刘豪,等.松北宾县-绥化地区下白垩统沉积相研究[J].沉积学报,2009,27(4):592～605
3陈欢庆,朱筱敏,董艳蕾,等.深水断陷盆地层序地层分析与岩性-地层油气藏预测——以中国南海C盆地深水区古近系T组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(5):626～34
4青海石油管理局勘探开发研究院,中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所.柴达木盆地第三纪介形类动物群[M].南京:南京大学出版社,1988
5唐伦和,狄恒恕.柴达木盆地轮藻化石[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,1991
6杨藩,唐文松,魏景明,等.中国油气区第三系(Ⅱ):西北油气区分册[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994
7覃建雄.层序地层学发展的若干重要方向[J].岩相古地理,1997,17(2):63～70
8邓宏文,王红亮,祝永军.高分辨率层序地层学——原理及应用[M].北京:地质出版社,2002
9刘永强,刘晓龙.冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷留西地区沙三上亚段层序地层与隐蔽油藏[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(6):747～753
10邓宏文,王红亮,李小孟.高分辨率层序地层对比在河流相中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,1997,18(2):90～95.
11吴小红,吕修详,周心怀,等.黄河口凹陷浅水三角洲沉积特征及其油气勘探意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(2):165～172
12王起琮.旋回层序地层的控制因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(5):648～656
13罗权生,杨均奇,李森明.吐哈盆地红南9-12井新发现含油气地层归属问题[J].新疆石油地质,2008,29(1):117～119
14王化爱.东营凹陷古近系岩性地层油气藏层序地层学特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(2):158～164
15Brett C E.Sequence stratigraphy,biostratigraphy and taphonomy in shallowmarine environments[J].Palaios,1995,10(6):597-616
16Holland S M.The stratigraphic distribution of fossi[J].Palaeobio-logy,1995,21(1):92-109
17吴光华,王红亮,林会喜,等.渤海湾盆地埕岛地区东营组沉积特征及其油气地质意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(1):33～40
18蔡李梅,陈红汉,李纯泉,等.济阳坳陷东营凹陷沙三中亚段流体包裹体古流体势场恢复[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(1):17～25
19石世革.黄骅坳陷板桥凹陷古近系沙一段中部层序地层学研究与岩性油气藏勘探[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(3):320～325
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