反射系数统计特征分析及其在高分辨率地震资料处理中的应用
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摘要
常规的高分辨率地震资料处理方法假设反射系数序列服从高斯白噪的统计特征。从反射系数颜色和概率分布函数两方面对实际测井数据反射系数序列进行试验分析,得出实际反射系数的振幅谱趋于蓝色、概率密度趋于非高斯随机分布的基本认识。基于试验分析的结果,利用测井数据拟合描述反射系数颜色的两个关键参数,对实际地震数据进行有色补偿处理,不仅提高了地震数据的分辨率,也改善了地震数据与合成地震记录的一致性。
The conventional seismic data process methods for high resolution assumed that reflection coefficient series obeyed Gaussian white noise.The statistical analysis was conducted on real reflection coefficient series of well logging data from color and probability distribution,it was considered that the amplitude spectrum of real reflection coefficient series tended to be blue,and its probability density was more close to non-Gaussian random distribution.Based on the experimental results,two important parameters describing color of reflection coefficients are calculated by fitting well log data,then they are used to compensate the color of real seismic data.Not only is the resolution of seismic data enhanced,but also the consistency of seismic data and seismogram from well data is improved.
The conventional seismic data process methods for high resolution assumed that reflection coefficient series obeyed Gaussian white noise.The statistical analysis was conducted on real reflection coefficient series of well logging data from color and probability distribution,it was considered that the amplitude spectrum of real reflection coefficient series tended to be blue,and its probability density was more close to non-Gaussian random distribution.Based on the experimental results,two important parameters describing color of reflection coefficients are calculated by fitting well log data,then they are used to compensate the color of real seismic data.Not only is the resolution of seismic data enhanced,but also the consistency of seismic data and seismogram from well data is improved.
引文
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[2]Li Guo-fa,Xiong Jin-liang.Seismic reflection characteristics of fluvial sand and shale interbed layers[J].Applied Geophysics,2008,5(3):219～229.
[3]Walden A T,Hosken J W J.A investigation of the spectral properties of primary reflection coefficients[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1985,33(2):400～435.
[4]Rosa A L R,Ulrych T J.Processing via spectral modeling[J].Geophysics,1991,56(8):1244～1251.
[5]Okaya D A.Spectral properties of the earth's contribution to seismic resolution[J].Geophysics,1995,60(1):241～251.
[6]赵波,俞寿朋,聂勋碧,等.谱模拟反褶积方法及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(1):101～115.
[7]Painter S,Beresford G,Paterson L.On the distribution of seismic coefficients and seismic amplitudes[J].Geophysics,1995,60(4):1187～1194.
[8]Luis T.Modeling non-Gaussian reflectivities:Generalizing Wiener-Levinson deconvolution[J].Geophysics,2001,66(6):1913～1920.
[9]李国发,牟永光,王濮.交互地震子波提取技术[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(5):33～36.
[10]Velis D R.Stochastic sparse-spike deconvolution[J].Geophysics,2008,73(1):1～9.
[11]姚姚,刘兴利,吴俊峰,等.基于随机介质的提高地震记录分辨率的扩频方法[J].石油物探,2009,48(3):214～220.
[12]Godfrey R,Muir F,Rocca F.Modeling seismic impedance with Makov chains[J].Geophysics,1980,45(9):1351～1372.
[13]Saggaf M M,Robinson E A.A unified framework for the deconvolution of traces of nonwhite reflectivity[J].Geophysics,2000,65(5):1660～1676.
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