平面波域反数据处理压制多次波方法研究
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摘要
在地震勘探领域,尤其是海洋地震勘探中,多次波一直是影响地震处理与解释的主要因素之一.本文基于x-t 域的反馈模型及多次波衰减的理论,详尽推导了 x-t 域反数据处理的方法;基于平面波域多次波的产生机制,借鉴 x-t 域反数据处理的方法,推导出在平面波域进行反数据处理的原理.文中给出一个有限差分的模拟数据进行测试.处理结果表明,本方法可以有效地衰减表层相关多次波,提高地震数据分析的精确性,在保护了一次波能量的同时,可以更加有效快捷地去除多次波.
Multiples are one of the major factors that influence seismic processing and interpretation,especially in marine seismic exploration.Here we propose an inverse data processing method in the plane wave domain for free surface multiple elimination.We review the derivation of inverse data processing theory in x-t domain based on feed back model and surface- related multiple elimination (SRME) method.We derivate the inverse data processing formula in the plane wave domain by drawing the theory of inverse data processing in the x-t domain.Finite difference data is used to test this method,and the result shows that this method can eliminate surface-related multiples effectively while preserve the primary energy.
Multiples are one of the major factors that influence seismic processing and interpretation,especially in marine seismic exploration.Here we propose an inverse data processing method in the plane wave domain for free surface multiple elimination.We review the derivation of inverse data processing theory in x-t domain based on feed back model and surface- related multiple elimination (SRME) method.We derivate the inverse data processing formula in the plane wave domain by drawing the theory of inverse data processing in the x-t domain.Finite difference data is used to test this method,and the result shows that this method can eliminate surface-related multiples effectively while preserve the primary energy.
引文
[1] Weglein A B.Multiple attenuation:an overview of recent advances and the road ahead.The Leading Edge,1999． 18(1) :40～44
[2] 洪菲,胡天跃.王润秋等.用优化聚束滤波方法消除低信噪比地震资料中的多次波.地球物理学报,2004． 47(6) :1106～1110 Hong F,Hu T Y,Wang R Q.et al.Attenuating multiples for low signal-to-noise ratio seismic data using optimal beamforming.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004． 47(6) :1106～1110
[3] 沈操.基于波动方程的自由界面多次波压制[博士论文].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2003 Shen C.Surface-related multiple attenuation based on wave equation[Ph.D Thesis](in Chinese).Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2003
[4] 黄新武,孙春岩,牛滨华等.基于数据一致性预测与压制自由表面多次波-理论研究与试处理.地球物理学报,2005． 48(1) :173～180 Huang X W,Sun C Y,Niu B H,et al.Surface-related multiple prediction and suppression based on data-consistence:A theoretical study and test.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese).2005,48(1) :173～180
[5] 李鹏.复杂介质多次波处理方法研究[博士论文].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2007 Li P.The seismic processing method of multiple suppression of complicated medium [Ph.D.Thesis](in Chinese).Beijing:Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2007
[6] 刘伊克.常旭.基于波射线路径偏移压制多次波.地球物理学报,2004． 47(4) :697～701 Liu Y K,Chang X.Multiple removal by wavepath migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(4) :697～701
[7] 刘伊克,常旭.王辉等.波路径偏移压制层间多次波的理论与应用.地球物理学报.2008,51(2) :589～595 Liu Y K.Chang X.Wang H.et al.Internal multiple removal and its application by wavepath migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(2) :589～595
[8] 陆文凯,骆毅,赵波等.基于独立分量分析的多次波自适应相减技术.地球物理学报,2004． 47(5) :886～891 Lu W K.Luo Y.Zhao B.et al.Adaptive multiple wave subtraction using independent component analysis.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(5) :886～891
[9] 李鹏,刘伊克.常旭等.均衡拟多道匹配滤波法在波动方程法压制多次波中的应用.地球物理学报.2007． 50(6) :1844～1853 Li P,Liu Y K.Chang X,et al.Application of the equipoise pseudomultichannel matching filter in multiple elimination using wave-equation method.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(6) :1844～1853
[10] 金德刚,常旭.刘伊克等.逆散射级数法预测层间多次波的算法改进及其策略.地球物理学报.2008,51(4) :1209～1217 Jin D G,Chang X,Liu Y K,et al.Algorithm improvement and strategy of internal multiples prediction based on inverse scattering series method.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese).2008,51(4) :1209～1217
[11] 金德刚,常旭,刘伊克.逆子波域消除多次波方法研究.地球物理学报,2008,51(1) :250～259 Jin D G,Chang X.Liu Y K.Research of multiple elimination method in inverse wavelet domain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese).2008． 50(1) :250～259
[12] Berkhout A J.Seismic processing in the inverse data space.Geophysics,2006,71:29～33
[13] Berkhout A J,Verschuur D J.Multiple Removal and wavelet deconvolution in the inverse data space:78th Annual International Meeting,SEG Expanded Abstracts,2006． 2684～2688
[14] Kelamis P G,Zhu W,Rufaii K O.Land Multiple Attenuation-The Future is Bright:78th Annual International Meeting,SEG Expanded Abstracts,2006． 2699～2703
[15] Luo Y,Zhu W,Kelamis P G.Internal multiple reduction in inverse-data domain.79th Annual International Meeting.SEG Expanded Abstracts,2007． 2485～2489
[16] Berkhout A J,Verschuur D J.Time lapse processing in the inverse data space.79th Annual International Meeting,SEG Expanded Abstracts,2007． 2919～2923
[17] Berkhout A J.Verschuur D J.Seismic processing in the inverse data space,removal of surface-related and internal multiples.69th Annual International Conference and Exhibition,EAGE,Extended Abstracts,2007,B036
[18] Felix J.Herrmann,Deli Wang,Seismic wavefield inversion with curvelet-domain sparsity promotion:80~(th) Annual International Meeting.SEG Expanded Abstracts,2008． 2497～2501
[19] Berkhout A J.Seismic Migration,Imaging of Acoustic Energy by Wave Field Extrapolation.Elsevier Science Publishing Company,Inc.,1982
[20] Verschuur D J,Berkhout A J,Wapenaar C P A.Adaptive surface-related multiple elimination.Geophysics,57:1166～1177
[21] Sen M K,Liu F.Stoffa P L,et al.A unified treatment to free surface multiple elimination methods.J.Seis.Expl.,1998,7:129～143
[22] Liu F,Sen M K,Stoffa P L.Dip selective 2-D multiple attenuation in the plane wave domain.Geophysics,2000,65:264～274
[23] 李鹏,刘伊克,常旭等.多次波问题的研究进展.地球物理学进展,2006,21(3) :888～897 Li P,Liu Y K.Chang X.et al.Progress on multiple problems.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(3) :888～897
[24] Berkhout A J,Verschuur D J.Focal Transform,an imaging concept for signal restoration and noise removal.Geophysics,2006,71:55～59
[2] 洪菲,胡天跃.王润秋等.用优化聚束滤波方法消除低信噪比地震资料中的多次波.地球物理学报,2004． 47(6) :1106～1110 Hong F,Hu T Y,Wang R Q.et al.Attenuating multiples for low signal-to-noise ratio seismic data using optimal beamforming.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004． 47(6) :1106～1110
[3] 沈操.基于波动方程的自由界面多次波压制[博士论文].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2003 Shen C.Surface-related multiple attenuation based on wave equation[Ph.D Thesis](in Chinese).Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2003
[4] 黄新武,孙春岩,牛滨华等.基于数据一致性预测与压制自由表面多次波-理论研究与试处理.地球物理学报,2005． 48(1) :173～180 Huang X W,Sun C Y,Niu B H,et al.Surface-related multiple prediction and suppression based on data-consistence:A theoretical study and test.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese).2005,48(1) :173～180
[5] 李鹏.复杂介质多次波处理方法研究[博士论文].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2007 Li P.The seismic processing method of multiple suppression of complicated medium [Ph.D.Thesis](in Chinese).Beijing:Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2007
[6] 刘伊克.常旭.基于波射线路径偏移压制多次波.地球物理学报,2004． 47(4) :697～701 Liu Y K,Chang X.Multiple removal by wavepath migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(4) :697～701
[7] 刘伊克,常旭.王辉等.波路径偏移压制层间多次波的理论与应用.地球物理学报.2008,51(2) :589～595 Liu Y K.Chang X.Wang H.et al.Internal multiple removal and its application by wavepath migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(2) :589～595
[8] 陆文凯,骆毅,赵波等.基于独立分量分析的多次波自适应相减技术.地球物理学报,2004． 47(5) :886～891 Lu W K.Luo Y.Zhao B.et al.Adaptive multiple wave subtraction using independent component analysis.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(5) :886～891
[9] 李鹏,刘伊克.常旭等.均衡拟多道匹配滤波法在波动方程法压制多次波中的应用.地球物理学报.2007． 50(6) :1844～1853 Li P,Liu Y K.Chang X,et al.Application of the equipoise pseudomultichannel matching filter in multiple elimination using wave-equation method.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(6) :1844～1853
[10] 金德刚,常旭.刘伊克等.逆散射级数法预测层间多次波的算法改进及其策略.地球物理学报.2008,51(4) :1209～1217 Jin D G,Chang X,Liu Y K,et al.Algorithm improvement and strategy of internal multiples prediction based on inverse scattering series method.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese).2008,51(4) :1209～1217
[11] 金德刚,常旭,刘伊克.逆子波域消除多次波方法研究.地球物理学报,2008,51(1) :250～259 Jin D G,Chang X.Liu Y K.Research of multiple elimination method in inverse wavelet domain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese).2008． 50(1) :250～259
[12] Berkhout A J.Seismic processing in the inverse data space.Geophysics,2006,71:29～33
[13] Berkhout A J,Verschuur D J.Multiple Removal and wavelet deconvolution in the inverse data space:78th Annual International Meeting,SEG Expanded Abstracts,2006． 2684～2688
[14] Kelamis P G,Zhu W,Rufaii K O.Land Multiple Attenuation-The Future is Bright:78th Annual International Meeting,SEG Expanded Abstracts,2006． 2699～2703
[15] Luo Y,Zhu W,Kelamis P G.Internal multiple reduction in inverse-data domain.79th Annual International Meeting.SEG Expanded Abstracts,2007． 2485～2489
[16] Berkhout A J,Verschuur D J.Time lapse processing in the inverse data space.79th Annual International Meeting,SEG Expanded Abstracts,2007． 2919～2923
[17] Berkhout A J.Verschuur D J.Seismic processing in the inverse data space,removal of surface-related and internal multiples.69th Annual International Conference and Exhibition,EAGE,Extended Abstracts,2007,B036
[18] Felix J.Herrmann,Deli Wang,Seismic wavefield inversion with curvelet-domain sparsity promotion:80~(th) Annual International Meeting.SEG Expanded Abstracts,2008． 2497～2501
[19] Berkhout A J.Seismic Migration,Imaging of Acoustic Energy by Wave Field Extrapolation.Elsevier Science Publishing Company,Inc.,1982
[20] Verschuur D J,Berkhout A J,Wapenaar C P A.Adaptive surface-related multiple elimination.Geophysics,57:1166～1177
[21] Sen M K,Liu F.Stoffa P L,et al.A unified treatment to free surface multiple elimination methods.J.Seis.Expl.,1998,7:129～143
[22] Liu F,Sen M K,Stoffa P L.Dip selective 2-D multiple attenuation in the plane wave domain.Geophysics,2000,65:264～274
[23] 李鹏,刘伊克,常旭等.多次波问题的研究进展.地球物理学进展,2006,21(3) :888～897 Li P,Liu Y K.Chang X.et al.Progress on multiple problems.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(3) :888～897
[24] Berkhout A J,Verschuur D J.Focal Transform,an imaging concept for signal restoration and noise removal.Geophysics,2006,71:55～59
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