塔里木盆地塔北地区侏罗系沉积特征及演化
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摘要
通过岩心观察与测井相分析,结合地震反射资料,认为塔里木盆地塔北地区侏罗系发育冲积扇、辫状河、三角洲与湖泊相沉积。下侏罗统阳霞组主要发育冲积扇和辫状河沉积。其中冲积扇主要发育于盆地的边缘,即研究区西部的英买力、北部的轮台及其西侧、东部的库南地区。冲积扇岩性主要为灰白、灰绿、灰褐和紫红色块状砾岩、砾状砂岩及含砾砂岩,砾石成分复杂,分选差,磨圆程度低。多个冲积扇向盆地内演化为辫状河沉积,发育各种交错层理与平行层理,其岩性为灰色、灰白色粗砂岩及含砾粗砂岩、细砾岩,垂向上具有非常典型的下粗上细的"二元结构",自然电位和自然伽马曲线具有明显的箱形特征,辫状河主体自西向东发育。到阳霞组沉积晚期,在草湖地区演化为薄层细砂岩与泥岩互层的湖泊和含煤湖沼沉积;中侏罗统克孜勒努尔组为三角洲沉积;上侏罗统普遍被剥蚀。早—中侏罗世盆地经历了水体由浅到深的沉积演化。
According to the core observation and logging facies analysis, combined with seismic reflection, it is considered that alluvial fan-braided fluvial-delta-lacustrine sedimentary facies were developed in the Jurassic in Tabei area, Tarim Basin. The alluvial fan and braided fluvial facies were mainly developed in the Yangxia Formation of the Lower Jurassic. The alluvial fan was mainly developed along the margin of the basin, such as Yengimahalla in western area, Luntai in northern area and Kunan in eastern area. The alluvial fan was dominated by the grey, greyly green, greyly brown conglomerates, pebbly coarse-grained sandstones and sandstones which are of multiple composition, poor sorting and poor roundness. Alluvial fans evolved to braided fluvial from the margin to the inner basin. The braided fluvial facies mainly consists of the grey coarse sandstones, pebbly coarse-grained sandstones with various cross bedding and parallel bedding,and fine conglomerates. Vertically, it has an upward fining sequence and box shape on spontaneous and gamma ray well log curves. It developed from west to east. During the later depositional period of the Yangxia Formation, there are lacustrine fine sandstones and lacustrine swamp deposits with coals in Caohu area. The Kezilenuer Formation of the Middle Jurassic is dominated by deltaic deposition. The Upper Jurassic is generally exposed. In the area, the water depth evolved from shallow to deep from the Early Jurassic to the Middle Jurassic.
According to the core observation and logging facies analysis, combined with seismic reflection, it is considered that alluvial fan-braided fluvial-delta-lacustrine sedimentary facies were developed in the Jurassic in Tabei area, Tarim Basin. The alluvial fan and braided fluvial facies were mainly developed in the Yangxia Formation of the Lower Jurassic. The alluvial fan was mainly developed along the margin of the basin, such as Yengimahalla in western area, Luntai in northern area and Kunan in eastern area. The alluvial fan was dominated by the grey, greyly green, greyly brown conglomerates, pebbly coarse-grained sandstones and sandstones which are of multiple composition, poor sorting and poor roundness. Alluvial fans evolved to braided fluvial from the margin to the inner basin. The braided fluvial facies mainly consists of the grey coarse sandstones, pebbly coarse-grained sandstones with various cross bedding and parallel bedding,and fine conglomerates. Vertically, it has an upward fining sequence and box shape on spontaneous and gamma ray well log curves. It developed from west to east. During the later depositional period of the Yangxia Formation, there are lacustrine fine sandstones and lacustrine swamp deposits with coals in Caohu area. The Kezilenuer Formation of the Middle Jurassic is dominated by deltaic deposition. The Upper Jurassic is generally exposed. In the area, the water depth evolved from shallow to deep from the Early Jurassic to the Middle Jurassic.
引文
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顾家裕,朱筱敏,贾进华.2003.塔里木盆地沉积与储层[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
黄兴文,于兴河,郑秀娟,等.2006.草湖凹陷东部T—J层序地层与沉积体系[J].天然气工业,26(3):48-52.
刘海兴,秦天西,杨志勇.2003.塔里木盆地三叠—侏罗系沉积相[J].沉积与特提斯地质,23(1):37-45.
庞雯.2007.塔北隆起侏罗系层序划分及沉积、储集层特征[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),22(4):23-26.
吴东胜,林晓芸,王正允,等.1995.塔里木盆地三叠—侏罗系地震地层学研究[J].江汉石油学院学报,17(3):19-24.
杨帆,邸宏利,王少依,等.2002.塔里木盆地库车坳陷依奇克里克构造带侏罗系储集层特征及成因[J].古地理学报,4(2):46-55.
钟大康,朱筱敏,王贵文,等.2002.塔里木盆地喀什凹陷侏罗纪古环境[J].古地理学报,4(4):47-54.
朱筱敏,顾家裕,贾进华.2003.塔里木盆地重点层系储盖层评价[M].北京:石油工业出版社.
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