航空重力局部异常地质成因分类及找矿意义
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摘要
以我国首次试验的航空重力数据为基础,通过局部重力异常的突出方法处理和反演拟合,结合航磁、地震、钻井等资料,按照引起局部异常的地质体性质,将研究区的局部重力异常划分为6类,即与基岩凸起有关的局部异常、与基岩凹陷有关的局部异常、与侵入岩有关的局部异常、与喷出岩有关的局部异常、与中酸性岩浆岩中老地层有关的局部异常、与深部地幔柱有关的局部异常。每类局部异常又可根据具体的地质体属性划分为若干种局部异常,并构成某种矿产资源的反映。其中,基岩凸起异常、基岩凹陷异常、岩浆岩体异常分别构成油气田、煤田、金属矿床的重要找矿标志。正确认识局部重力异常及其成因,是航空重力地质资源调查的目标之一,具有重要的找矿意义。
Based on the airborne gravimetric data of the first-time experimentation in China,passing through the emphasized processing and inverse simulation of local gravity anomalies and combining with the aeromagnetic,seismic and drilling data,according to the character of the geological body which cause the local anomaly,six types of local gravity anomalies are divided in this research area,which are associated respectively with basement salients,basement sags,intrusive rocks,volcanic rocks,old strata within intermediate-acid magmatic rocks and mantle plume in deep place,etc.Every type of local gravity anomalies can also be divided into some kinds of local anomalies according to the geological attribute,which can be the reflection of certain mineral resources.Among them,the local gravity anomalies about basement salients,basement sags and magmatic rocks respectively constitute the important prospecting symbols of oil and gas fields,coal fields and metal deposits.Identifying the local gravity anomalies and their genesis correctly is one of the aims about airborne gravimetry.
Based on the airborne gravimetric data of the first-time experimentation in China,passing through the emphasized processing and inverse simulation of local gravity anomalies and combining with the aeromagnetic,seismic and drilling data,according to the character of the geological body which cause the local anomaly,six types of local gravity anomalies are divided in this research area,which are associated respectively with basement salients,basement sags,intrusive rocks,volcanic rocks,old strata within intermediate-acid magmatic rocks and mantle plume in deep place,etc.Every type of local gravity anomalies can also be divided into some kinds of local anomalies according to the geological attribute,which can be the reflection of certain mineral resources.Among them,the local gravity anomalies about basement salients,basement sags and magmatic rocks respectively constitute the important prospecting symbols of oil and gas fields,coal fields and metal deposits.Identifying the local gravity anomalies and their genesis correctly is one of the aims about airborne gravimetry.
引文
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[4]Verdun J,Klingele E,Bayer R,et al.The alpine Swiss-French air-borne gravity survey[J].Geophysical Journal International,2003,152:8-19.
[5]Duquenne H,Olesen A V,Forsberg R,et al.Improvement of thegravity field and geoid around corsica by aerial gravimetry[C]∥Gravity and Geoid 2002,3rdMeeting of the IGGC.Green,2002:167-172.
[6]Forsberg R,Olesen AV,Keller K,el al.Airborne gravity and geoidsurveys in the Arctic and Baltic seas[C]∥Proceedings of IAG In-ternational Symposium on Gravity Geoid and Geodynamics.Banff,Canada,2001:586-592.
[7]Zhang Yongming,Sheng Jun,Zhang Guibin.Status and applica-tions of airborne gravimetry[J].Progress in Exploration Geophys-ics,2006,29(2):94-98.[张永明,盛君,张贵宾.航空重力测量技术的现状及应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(2):94-98.]
[8]Zhou Jianxin,Liu Haojun,Wang Shoutan,et al.The application ofairborne gravity survey to earth science in foreign countries[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2004,28(2):119-122.[周坚鑫,刘浩军,王守坦,等.国外航空重力测量在地学中的应用[J].物探与化探,2004,28(2):119-122.]
[9]Xia Zheren,Sun Zhongmiao.Airborne gravimetry technique and itsapplications[J].Science ofSurveying and Mappin,2006,31(6):119-122.[夏哲仁,孙中苗.航空重力测量技术及其应用[J].测绘科学,2006,31(6):119-122.]
[10]Martelet G,Sailhac P,Moreau F,et al.Haracterization of geolog-ical boundaries using1-D wavelet transform on gravity data:Theo-ry and application to the Himalayas[J].Geophysics,2001,66(4):1 116-1 125.
[11]Parker R L.The rapid calculation of potential anomalies[J].Ge-ophysical Journal International,1973,31:447-455.
[12]Oldenburg D W.The inversion and interpretation of gravity a-nomalies[J].Geophysics,1974,39(4):526-536.
[13]Han Daofan,Xie Jing,Liu Cai,et al.The theory and method ofinversing the multi-interfaces of density by gravity anomaly[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,1994,37(S2):272-281.[韩道范,谢靖,刘财,等.利用重力异常反演多层密度分界面的理论和方法[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(S2):272-281.]
[14]Zhang Fengxu,Zhang Fengqin,Meng Lingshun,et al.Using co-sine transform for forward modeling inversion of gravitational a-nomaly on density interface[J].Oil Geophysical Exploration,2005,40(5):598-602.[张凤旭,张凤琴,孟令顺,等.基于余炫变换的密度界面重力异常正反演研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(5):598-602.]
[15]Wang Haiyan,Wu Yangang,Jiao Xinhua.The solving methods ofinversion on interface due to gravity or magnetic source[J].WorldGeology,2001,20(4):379-383.[王海燕,吴燕冈,焦新华.重磁异常界面反演中的计算方法[J].世界地质,2001,20(4):379-383.]
[16]Yu Shengchen,Liu Dayou,Sun Limin.Universal kriging—Amethod used in division of regional and local gravity(magnetic)anomalies[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geo-chemical Exploration,1999,21(1):35-44.[余生晨,刘大有,孙莉民.划分重磁区域异常与局部异常的一种方法——泛克立格法[J].物探化探计算技术,1999,21(1):35-44.]
[17]Li Jiuliang.Variable-order sliding trend analysis method used inthe division of regional and local gravity anomalies[J].Compu-ting Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,1998,20(1):53-61.[李九亮.划分重力区域异常与局部异常的变阶滑动趋势分析法[J].物探化探计算技术,1998,20(1):53-61.]
[18]Zhang Chijun,Bian Shaofeng.Theory and research of orthomtricheight in gravity field sea level[J].Advances in Earth Science,2005,20(4):455-458.[张赤军,边少锋.重力场中正高的理论与研究[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(4):455-458.]
[19]Zhong Kai,Xu Mingjie,Wang Liangshu,et al.Study on continen-tal deformation features in Sichuan-Yunnan region from aeromag-netic and gravity data[J].Advances in Earth Science,2005,20(10):1 089-1 094.[钟锴,徐鸣洁,王良书,等.利用航磁、重力资料研究川滇地区大陆变形特征[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(10):1 089-1 094.]
[20]Jiang Xiaodian.Spline functions with local control in gravity andmagnetic anomaly derivation[J].Journal ofOcean University ofQingdao,1992,22(3):90-94.[姜效典.重磁异常导数计算的局部样条函数法[J].青岛海洋大学学报,1992,22(3):90-94.]
[21]Huang J L,Shen C Y,Li H.Robust inversion analysis of localgravity anomalies caused by geological dislocation model of faults[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1998,20(1):86-95.
[22]Huang Jianliang,Shen Chongyang,Li Hui.Robust inversion anal-ysis of local gravity anomalies caused by geological dislocationmodel of faults[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1998,20(11):86-95.[黄建梁,申重阳,李辉.断层地质位错模型的局部重力异常稳健反演分析[J].地震学报,1998,20(11):86-95.]
[23]Yao Changli,Li Yishi,Guan Zhining.Improvement of real-timeand visualized forward and inversion of gravityand magnetic a-nomalies[J].Geoscience,1998,12(1):115-122.[姚长利,黎益仕,管志宁.重磁异常正反演可视化实时方法技术改进[J].现代地质,1998,12(1):115-122.]
[24]Gomez-Ortiz D,Bhrigu N P.A MATLAB program to invert thegravity anomaly over a 3D horizontal density interface by Parker-Oldenburg’s algorithm[J].Computers&Geosciences,2005,31(4):513-519.
[25]Hansen R O,Suciu L.Multiple-source euler deconvolution[J].Geophysics,2002,67:525-535.
[26]Keating P B.Weighted euler deconvolution of gravity data[J].Geophysics,1998,63:1 595-1 603.
[27]Guan Zhining,Hou Junsheng,Huang Linping,et al.Inversion ofgravity and magnetic anomalies using PSEDU-BP neural networkmethod and its application[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,1998,41(2):242-251.[管志宁,侯俊胜,黄临平,等.重磁异常反演的拟BP神经网络方法及其应用[J].地球物理学报,1998,41(2):242-251.]
[28]Yao Changli,Zheng Yuanman,Zhang Yuwen.3-D gravity andmagnetic inversion for physical properties using stochastic sub-spaces[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,2007,50(5):1 576-1 583.[姚长利,郑元满,张聿文.重磁异常三维物性反演随机子域法方法技术[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(5):1 576-1 583.]
[29]Zeng Hualin.Gravity Field and Gravity Exploration[M].Bei-jing:Geological Publishing House,2005:114-235.[曾华霖.重力场与重力勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,2005:114-235.]
[30]Li Pilong.Petroleum Geology and Exploration of ContinentalFault Basin(Vol.1)[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003:85-108.[李丕龙.陆相断陷盆地油气地质与勘探(卷一)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003:85-108.]
[31]Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Shandong Province.Regional Geology of Shandong Province[M].Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House,1991.[山东省地质矿产局.山东省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1991.]
[2]Murphy C A.The Air-FTG airborne gravity gradiometer system[C]∥Lane R,ed.Airborne Gravity.Australia,2004:7-185.
[3]Foss C.The resolution in geological mapping that can be expeetedfrom airborne gravity gradiometry[C]∥Ex-panded Abstraets of72ndAnnual International SEG Meeting,2002:743-746.
[4]Verdun J,Klingele E,Bayer R,et al.The alpine Swiss-French air-borne gravity survey[J].Geophysical Journal International,2003,152:8-19.
[5]Duquenne H,Olesen A V,Forsberg R,et al.Improvement of thegravity field and geoid around corsica by aerial gravimetry[C]∥Gravity and Geoid 2002,3rdMeeting of the IGGC.Green,2002:167-172.
[6]Forsberg R,Olesen AV,Keller K,el al.Airborne gravity and geoidsurveys in the Arctic and Baltic seas[C]∥Proceedings of IAG In-ternational Symposium on Gravity Geoid and Geodynamics.Banff,Canada,2001:586-592.
[7]Zhang Yongming,Sheng Jun,Zhang Guibin.Status and applica-tions of airborne gravimetry[J].Progress in Exploration Geophys-ics,2006,29(2):94-98.[张永明,盛君,张贵宾.航空重力测量技术的现状及应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(2):94-98.]
[8]Zhou Jianxin,Liu Haojun,Wang Shoutan,et al.The application ofairborne gravity survey to earth science in foreign countries[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2004,28(2):119-122.[周坚鑫,刘浩军,王守坦,等.国外航空重力测量在地学中的应用[J].物探与化探,2004,28(2):119-122.]
[9]Xia Zheren,Sun Zhongmiao.Airborne gravimetry technique and itsapplications[J].Science ofSurveying and Mappin,2006,31(6):119-122.[夏哲仁,孙中苗.航空重力测量技术及其应用[J].测绘科学,2006,31(6):119-122.]
[10]Martelet G,Sailhac P,Moreau F,et al.Haracterization of geolog-ical boundaries using1-D wavelet transform on gravity data:Theo-ry and application to the Himalayas[J].Geophysics,2001,66(4):1 116-1 125.
[11]Parker R L.The rapid calculation of potential anomalies[J].Ge-ophysical Journal International,1973,31:447-455.
[12]Oldenburg D W.The inversion and interpretation of gravity a-nomalies[J].Geophysics,1974,39(4):526-536.
[13]Han Daofan,Xie Jing,Liu Cai,et al.The theory and method ofinversing the multi-interfaces of density by gravity anomaly[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,1994,37(S2):272-281.[韩道范,谢靖,刘财,等.利用重力异常反演多层密度分界面的理论和方法[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(S2):272-281.]
[14]Zhang Fengxu,Zhang Fengqin,Meng Lingshun,et al.Using co-sine transform for forward modeling inversion of gravitational a-nomaly on density interface[J].Oil Geophysical Exploration,2005,40(5):598-602.[张凤旭,张凤琴,孟令顺,等.基于余炫变换的密度界面重力异常正反演研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(5):598-602.]
[15]Wang Haiyan,Wu Yangang,Jiao Xinhua.The solving methods ofinversion on interface due to gravity or magnetic source[J].WorldGeology,2001,20(4):379-383.[王海燕,吴燕冈,焦新华.重磁异常界面反演中的计算方法[J].世界地质,2001,20(4):379-383.]
[16]Yu Shengchen,Liu Dayou,Sun Limin.Universal kriging—Amethod used in division of regional and local gravity(magnetic)anomalies[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geo-chemical Exploration,1999,21(1):35-44.[余生晨,刘大有,孙莉民.划分重磁区域异常与局部异常的一种方法——泛克立格法[J].物探化探计算技术,1999,21(1):35-44.]
[17]Li Jiuliang.Variable-order sliding trend analysis method used inthe division of regional and local gravity anomalies[J].Compu-ting Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,1998,20(1):53-61.[李九亮.划分重力区域异常与局部异常的变阶滑动趋势分析法[J].物探化探计算技术,1998,20(1):53-61.]
[18]Zhang Chijun,Bian Shaofeng.Theory and research of orthomtricheight in gravity field sea level[J].Advances in Earth Science,2005,20(4):455-458.[张赤军,边少锋.重力场中正高的理论与研究[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(4):455-458.]
[19]Zhong Kai,Xu Mingjie,Wang Liangshu,et al.Study on continen-tal deformation features in Sichuan-Yunnan region from aeromag-netic and gravity data[J].Advances in Earth Science,2005,20(10):1 089-1 094.[钟锴,徐鸣洁,王良书,等.利用航磁、重力资料研究川滇地区大陆变形特征[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(10):1 089-1 094.]
[20]Jiang Xiaodian.Spline functions with local control in gravity andmagnetic anomaly derivation[J].Journal ofOcean University ofQingdao,1992,22(3):90-94.[姜效典.重磁异常导数计算的局部样条函数法[J].青岛海洋大学学报,1992,22(3):90-94.]
[21]Huang J L,Shen C Y,Li H.Robust inversion analysis of localgravity anomalies caused by geological dislocation model of faults[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1998,20(1):86-95.
[22]Huang Jianliang,Shen Chongyang,Li Hui.Robust inversion anal-ysis of local gravity anomalies caused by geological dislocationmodel of faults[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1998,20(11):86-95.[黄建梁,申重阳,李辉.断层地质位错模型的局部重力异常稳健反演分析[J].地震学报,1998,20(11):86-95.]
[23]Yao Changli,Li Yishi,Guan Zhining.Improvement of real-timeand visualized forward and inversion of gravityand magnetic a-nomalies[J].Geoscience,1998,12(1):115-122.[姚长利,黎益仕,管志宁.重磁异常正反演可视化实时方法技术改进[J].现代地质,1998,12(1):115-122.]
[24]Gomez-Ortiz D,Bhrigu N P.A MATLAB program to invert thegravity anomaly over a 3D horizontal density interface by Parker-Oldenburg’s algorithm[J].Computers&Geosciences,2005,31(4):513-519.
[25]Hansen R O,Suciu L.Multiple-source euler deconvolution[J].Geophysics,2002,67:525-535.
[26]Keating P B.Weighted euler deconvolution of gravity data[J].Geophysics,1998,63:1 595-1 603.
[27]Guan Zhining,Hou Junsheng,Huang Linping,et al.Inversion ofgravity and magnetic anomalies using PSEDU-BP neural networkmethod and its application[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,1998,41(2):242-251.[管志宁,侯俊胜,黄临平,等.重磁异常反演的拟BP神经网络方法及其应用[J].地球物理学报,1998,41(2):242-251.]
[28]Yao Changli,Zheng Yuanman,Zhang Yuwen.3-D gravity andmagnetic inversion for physical properties using stochastic sub-spaces[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,2007,50(5):1 576-1 583.[姚长利,郑元满,张聿文.重磁异常三维物性反演随机子域法方法技术[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(5):1 576-1 583.]
[29]Zeng Hualin.Gravity Field and Gravity Exploration[M].Bei-jing:Geological Publishing House,2005:114-235.[曾华霖.重力场与重力勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,2005:114-235.]
[30]Li Pilong.Petroleum Geology and Exploration of ContinentalFault Basin(Vol.1)[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003:85-108.[李丕龙.陆相断陷盆地油气地质与勘探(卷一)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003:85-108.]
[31]Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Shandong Province.Regional Geology of Shandong Province[M].Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House,1991.[山东省地质矿产局.山东省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1991.]
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