塔河油田中下奥陶统顶面岩溶古水系对接现象及其意义
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摘要
塔河油田中下奥陶统,从加里东中期到海西期,经历多期构造运动及其引起的多期岩溶作用的叠加改造,岩溶缝洞系统非常发育。岩溶作用的发生,除地层的可溶性,主要依赖于岩溶水补给-径流-排泄过程中对岩石的溶解作用和侵蚀作用。因此,判断岩溶水的运动轨迹是一种非常重要的研究方法。基于三维地震资料,利用第三代相干体技术,刻画中下奥陶统顶面的岩溶古水系,发现上奥陶统覆盖区下部依然有许多地表水系存在,并且大多与上奥陶统缺失区的古水系对接。根据现代岩溶理论,划分奥陶系岩溶层组,厘定水文地质条件,分析两种不同时期岩溶古水系的形成和消亡过程,这对恢复古岩溶发育环境,划分古岩溶发育阶段,揭示古岩溶的发育规律具有重要的意义。
Karst fracture-vug systems of Lower-Middle Ordovician in Tahe oilfield,develop very well,during multi-stage tectonic movement and karstification,from Middle Caledonian to Hercynian.Except for the dissolubility of the rock,karstification mainly depends on the denudation and corrosiveness of karstic water,in course of supply-through flow-drainage.So,predicting the trace of karstic water is an important method.Based on 3D seismic data,applying third generation coherence technique,karst palaeo-drainage systems in the top of Lower-Middle Ordovician can be described,and below overlay area of Upper Ordovician,there are still many palaeo-drainage systems,most of which are connected well with palaeo-drainage systems in lost area of Upper Ordovician.According to karst theory in modern times,we divide karstic series of strata,confirm the hydrogeologic condition,and analyse the forming and consuming course of karst palaeo-drainage systems in two stages,which can play an important role on recovering the environment of palaeokarst,dividing the stages of palaeokarst and revealing the rule of palaeokarst.
Karst fracture-vug systems of Lower-Middle Ordovician in Tahe oilfield,develop very well,during multi-stage tectonic movement and karstification,from Middle Caledonian to Hercynian.Except for the dissolubility of the rock,karstification mainly depends on the denudation and corrosiveness of karstic water,in course of supply-through flow-drainage.So,predicting the trace of karstic water is an important method.Based on 3D seismic data,applying third generation coherence technique,karst palaeo-drainage systems in the top of Lower-Middle Ordovician can be described,and below overlay area of Upper Ordovician,there are still many palaeo-drainage systems,most of which are connected well with palaeo-drainage systems in lost area of Upper Ordovician.According to karst theory in modern times,we divide karstic series of strata,confirm the hydrogeologic condition,and analyse the forming and consuming course of karst palaeo-drainage systems in two stages,which can play an important role on recovering the environment of palaeokarst,dividing the stages of palaeokarst and revealing the rule of palaeokarst.
引文
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[3]汤良杰.略论塔里木盆地主要构造运动[J].石油实验地质,1997,19(2):108-114.
[4]张光亚,宋建国.塔里木克拉通盆地改造对油气聚集和保存的控制[J].地质评论,1998,44(5):511-521.
[5]云露,蒋华山.塔河油田成藏条件与富集规律[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(6):768-775.
[6]夏义平,柴桂林,汪昌贵,等.塔里木盆地轮南地区下奥陶统碳酸盐岩储层的控制因素分析[J].现代地质,2000,14(2):185-190.
[7]肖玉茹,王敦则,沈杉平.塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系古洞穴型碳酸盐岩储层特征及其受控因素[J].现代地质,2003,17(1):92-98.
[8]苑书金.地震相干体技术的研究综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(1):7-15.
[9]Gersztenkorn A,Marfurt K J.Eigenstructure based coherencecomputations as an aid to3-D structural and stratigraphic mapping[J].Geophysics,1999,64(5):1468-1479.
[10]Marfurt KJ,Kirlin R L,Farmer S H,et al.3-D seismic attrib-utes using a running window semblance-based algorithm[J].Geophysics,1998,63(4):1150-1165.
[11]中国科学院地质研究所岩溶研究组.中国岩溶研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1979:20-21.
[12]任美锷,刘振中.岩溶学概论[M].北京:商务印书馆,1983:21-59.
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