可控震源定向照明方法的仿真研究
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摘要
当野外噪声很强,即使使用组合震源地震也无法获得满意信噪比的地震数据时,本文提出了一种基于可控震源阵列的定向照明控制方法,采用该方法可形成定向地震波.通过仿真研究合成了8激震器可控震源阵列分别采用简单组合及定向照明技术得到的单炮地震记录,可以看出采用合适的延时参数,定向照明单炮地震记录的反射波信噪比高于组合地震情况.定量的计算结果表明,实验条件下采用0.89 ms延时参数,各反射波信噪比分别提高了10.19 dB,3.23 dB和1.02 dB.由此可见,可控震源定向照明地震技术是一种提高原始地震资料信噪比的有效方法.
If noise from the field is so strong that we can not get data with proper signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) even if combination source is used,we develop a directional illumination method of controlled source,which can form a directional seismic wave.We make a numeric simulation of multi-trace seismograms and computed reflected waves' SNR improvement when directional illumination method of controlled source array was used in given horizontal stratified model.It shows the results that SNR of reflected waves from different reflectors increase 10.19 dB,3.23 dB,and 1.02 dB respectively than the case of combination source when 8-unit controlled source array were used with delay time of 0.89 ms.And therefore the directional illumination control method of controlled source array is competent to improve seismic signal SNR.
If noise from the field is so strong that we can not get data with proper signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) even if combination source is used,we develop a directional illumination method of controlled source,which can form a directional seismic wave.We make a numeric simulation of multi-trace seismograms and computed reflected waves' SNR improvement when directional illumination method of controlled source array was used in given horizontal stratified model.It shows the results that SNR of reflected waves from different reflectors increase 10.19 dB,3.23 dB,and 1.02 dB respectively than the case of combination source when 8-unit controlled source array were used with delay time of 0.89 ms.And therefore the directional illumination control method of controlled source array is competent to improve seismic signal SNR.
引文
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[17]姜弢,林君,陈祖斌,等.相控震源地震波定向技术[J].吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2004,22(3):181~184.Jiang T,Lin J,Chen Z B,et al.Seismic beam-forming inphased array of vibroseis.Journal of Jilin University(Infor-mation science edition).(in Chinese),2004,22(3):181~184.
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[20]马丽娟,郑和荣,陈霞.隐蔽油气藏地震预测技术研究新进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):294~300.Ma L J,Zheng H R,Chen X.The New progress of seismicforecast technology of Subtle Traps[J].Progress in Geophys-ics(in Chinese),2007,22(1):294~300.
[2]胡天跃,王润秋,White R E.地震资料处理中的聚束滤波方法[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(1):105~115.Hu T Y,Wang R Q,White R E.Beamforming in seismic dataprocessing[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2000,43(1):105~115
[3]洪菲,胡天跃,张文坡,等.用优化聚束滤波方法消除低信噪比地震资料中的多次波[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(6):1106~1110.Hong F,Hu T Y,Zhang W P,et al.Attenuating multiplesfor low signal-to-noise ratio seismic data using optimal beam-forming[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(6):1106~1110
[4]李辉,戴旭初,葛洪魁,王宝善,林建民,陈颙.基于互信息量的地震信号检测和初至提取方法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1190~1197.Li H,Dai X C,Ge H K,Wang B S,Lin J M,Chen Y.Seismicsignal detection and first arrival pickup based on mutual infor-mation[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(4):1190~1197.
[5]葛洪魁,林建民,王宝善,宋丽莉,罗桂纯,陈颙.编码震源提高地震探测能力的野外实验研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):864~870.Ge H K,Lin J M,Wang B S,Song L L,Luo G C,Chen Y.A field experiment study of improving the seismic detectabilitywith coded source[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3):864~870.
[6]Arnold M E.Beam forming with vibrator arrays[J].Geophys-ics,1977,42(7):1321~1338.
[7]Mosc S,Bilotti F,Toscano A,Vegni L.A novel design meth-od for Blass matrix beam-forming networks.Antennas andPropagation[J].IEEE Transactions on,2002,50(2):225~232.
[8]Miura R,Tanaka T,Chiba I,Horie A,Karasawa Y.Beam-forming experiment with a DBF multibeam antenna in a mobilesatellite environment[J].Antennas and Propagation,IEEETransactions on,1997,45(4):707~714.
[9]Kraft U R.Gain and G/T of multielement receive antennaswith active beamforming networks.Antennas and Propagation[J],IEEE Transactions on,2000,48(12):1818~1829.
[10]Denno S,Ohira T.Modified constant modulus algorithm fordigital signal processing adaptive antennas with microwaveanalog beamforming[J].Antennas and Propagation,IEEETransactions on,2002,50(6):850~857.
[11]杨桄,陈克雄,周脉鱼,等.SAR图像中目标的检测和识别研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(2):617~621.Yang G,Chen K X,Zhou M Y,et al.Study evolution of detec-tion and recognition on target in SAR image[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(2):617~621.
[12]Xie X B,Jin S W,Wu R S.Wave Equation based illumina-tion analysis.Expanded Abstract of 74th Annual Internation-al SEG Meeting,2004.933~936.
[13]陈生昌,马在田.广义地震数据合成及其偏移成像[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1144~1149.Chen S C,Ma Z T.Generalized synthesis of seismic data andits migration[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(4):1144~1149.
[14]陈生昌,马在田,Wu Ru-Shan.波动方程偏移成像阴影的照明补偿[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(3):844~850.Chen S C,Ma Z T,Wu R S.Illumination compensation forwave equation migration shadow[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(3):844~850.
[15]林君,陈鹏程,姜弢,等.浅层地震探测的可控震源信号设计[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(4):807~811.Lin J,Chen P C,Jiang T,et al.The signal design of electro-dynamic vibroseis for surface Imaging.Progress in Geophys-ics.(in Chinese),2004,19(4):807~811.
[16]齐诚,陈棋福,陈颙.利用背景噪声进行地震成像的新方法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):771~777.Qi C,Chen Q F,Chen Y.A new method for seismic imagingfrom ambient seismic noise[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2007,22(3):771~777.
[17]姜弢,林君,陈祖斌,等.相控震源地震波定向技术[J].吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2004,22(3):181~184.Jiang T,Lin J,Chen Z B,et al.Seismic beam-forming inphased array of vibroseis.Journal of Jilin University(Infor-mation science edition).(in Chinese),2004,22(3):181~184.
[18]姜弢,林君,陈祖斌,等.可控震源相控地震的相关检测技术[J].仪器仪表学报,2005,26(4):336~339.Jiang T,Lin J,Chen Z B,et al.The Correlation Detect ionMethod of Signals in Phased Array of Vibroseis System.Chi-nese Journal of scientific Instrument.(in Chinese),2005,26(4):336~339.
[19]姜弢,林君.相控震源与组合震源信号检测结果对比[J].控制与决策,2004,19(12):1345~1348.Jiang T,Lin J.Comparison of the detected seismic signalsbetween phased array and combination vibroseises.Kongzhiyu Juece/Control and Decision.(in Chinese),2004,19(12):1345~1348+1353.
[20]马丽娟,郑和荣,陈霞.隐蔽油气藏地震预测技术研究新进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):294~300.Ma L J,Zheng H R,Chen X.The New progress of seismicforecast technology of Subtle Traps[J].Progress in Geophys-ics(in Chinese),2007,22(1):294~300.
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