滇黔北坳陷威信凹陷页岩气成藏条件分析与有利区优选
|
摘要
根据页岩气区域地质调查研究、钻探和地震勘探成果,研究滇黔北坳陷威信凹陷页岩气成藏条件,优选页岩气勘探"甜点"。寒武系牛蹄塘组和志留系龙马溪组黑色页岩是威信凹陷页岩气两套重点勘探评价层系,单层厚度达50 m以上,有机质丰度高,具有低孔、低渗和富硅质特征,具备形成页岩气藏的有利地质条件并易于后期储集层压裂改造。上覆碎屑岩盖层、无通天断层、浅层整体封闭3大因素并存利于页岩气藏保存。岩心解吸显示页岩气成分以甲烷为主,页岩气含量随保存条件变好、页岩TOC丰度增大和地层压力加大而增加。页岩气勘探甜点综合评价优选认为,凹陷北部的筠连—罗布地区为龙马溪组和牛蹄塘组页岩气目的层叠合的最有利甜点勘探区,中部的花坭—威信地区为牛蹄塘组页岩气有利甜点区。建议重视下石炭统旧司组、上二叠统乐平组的页岩气勘探评价。
Forming conditions of the shale gas reservoir of the Weixin Sag in the Dianqianbei Depression are studied and preferable sweet spots for shale gas exploration are proposed based on the results of geologic survey,drilling and seismic exploration in the shale gas region.The black shales of Cambrian Niutitang Formation and Silurian Longmaxi Formation are the two principal exploration targets in the Weixin Sag,having the characteristics of big single layer thickness(>50 m),abundant organic matter,low porosity and permeability,and rich silicon.Those two formations have favorable conditions for the formation of shale gas reservoirs and also can be easily hydraulic fractured in the later stages of production.The coexistence of the clastic rock layer on the top,shallow entire seal,and the absence of exposed faults are the three desirable factors for the preservation of shale gas reservoir.The shale core analysis shows that the major composition is methane,the content of which increases as the preservation conditions become better and the shale TOC abundance and formation pressure increase.After integrated evaluation and optimized selection of shale gas exploration zones,it is determined that the Junlian-Luobu zone located in the north of the sag is the most favorable sweet spot for shale gas exploration in the overlapping target layer of the Longmaxi Formation and Niutitang Formation,and the Huani-Weixin zone in the middle of the sag is proposed to be the sweet spot for shale gas exploration in the Niutitang Formation.It is recommended that importance be attached to the evaluation of shale gas exploration in the Lower Carboniferous Jiusi Formation and Upper Permian Leping formation.
Forming conditions of the shale gas reservoir of the Weixin Sag in the Dianqianbei Depression are studied and preferable sweet spots for shale gas exploration are proposed based on the results of geologic survey,drilling and seismic exploration in the shale gas region.The black shales of Cambrian Niutitang Formation and Silurian Longmaxi Formation are the two principal exploration targets in the Weixin Sag,having the characteristics of big single layer thickness(>50 m),abundant organic matter,low porosity and permeability,and rich silicon.Those two formations have favorable conditions for the formation of shale gas reservoirs and also can be easily hydraulic fractured in the later stages of production.The coexistence of the clastic rock layer on the top,shallow entire seal,and the absence of exposed faults are the three desirable factors for the preservation of shale gas reservoir.The shale core analysis shows that the major composition is methane,the content of which increases as the preservation conditions become better and the shale TOC abundance and formation pressure increase.After integrated evaluation and optimized selection of shale gas exploration zones,it is determined that the Junlian-Luobu zone located in the north of the sag is the most favorable sweet spot for shale gas exploration in the overlapping target layer of the Longmaxi Formation and Niutitang Formation,and the Huani-Weixin zone in the middle of the sag is proposed to be the sweet spot for shale gas exploration in the Niutitang Formation.It is recommended that importance be attached to the evaluation of shale gas exploration in the Lower Carboniferous Jiusi Formation and Upper Permian Leping formation.
引文
[1]张金川,聂海宽,徐波,等.四川盆地页岩气成藏地质条件[J].天然气工业,2008,28(2):151-156.Zhang Jinchuan,Nie Haikuan,Xu Bo,et al.Geological condition ofshale gas accumulation in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(2):151-156.
[2]李登华,李建忠,王社教,等.页岩气藏形成条件分析[J].天然气工业,2009,29(5):22-26.Li Denghua,Li Jianzhong,Wang Shejiao,et al.Analysis of controlson gas shale reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(5):22-26.
[3]蒲泊伶,蒋有录,王毅,等.四川盆地下志留统龙马溪组页岩气成藏条件及有利地区分析[J].石油学报,2010,31(2):225-230.Pu Boling,Jiang Youlu,Wang Yi,et al.Reservoir-forming conditionsand favorable exploration zones of shale gas in Lower SilurianLongmaxi Formation of Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(2):225-230.
[4]Curtis J B.Fractured shale gas systems[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(11):1921-1938.
[5]王世谦,陈更生,董大忠,等.四川盆地下古生界页岩气藏形成条件与勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2009,29(5):51-58.Wang Shiqian,Chen Gengsheng,Dong Dazhong,et al.Accumulationconditions and exploitation prospect of shale gas in the LowerPaleozoic Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(5):51-58.
[6]邹才能,陶士振,袁选俊,等.“连续型”油气藏及其在全球的重要性:成藏、分布与评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(6):669-682.Zou Caineng,Tao Shizhen,Yuan Xuanjun,et al.Global importanceof“continuous”petroleum reservoirs:Accumulation,distribution andevaluation[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(6):669-682.
[7]邹才能,张光亚,陶士振,等.全球油气勘探领域地质特征、重大发现及非常规石油地质[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(2):129-145.Zou Caineng,Zhang Guangya,Tao Shizhen,et al.Geologicalfeatures,major discoveries and unconventional petroleum geology inthe global petroleum exploration[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2010,37(2):129-145.
[8]邹才能,董大忠,王社教,等.中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(6):641-653.Zou Caineng,Dong Dazhong,Wang Shejiao,et al.Geologicalcharacteristics,formation mechanism and resource potential of shalegas in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2010,37(6):641-653.
[9]陈旭.论笔石的深度分带[J].古生物学报,1990,29(5):507-526.Chen Xu.Graptolite depth zonation[J].Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,1990,29(5):507-526.
[10]姜月华,岳文浙,业治铮.华南下古生界缺氧事件与黑色页岩及有关矿产[J].有色金属矿产与勘查,1994,3(5):272-278.Jiang Yuehua,Yue Wenzhe,Ye Zhizheng.Anoxic event,black shalesand related mineral resources:Taking the Lower Palaeozoic insouthern China as an example[J].Geological Exploration forNon-Ferrous Metals,1994,3(5):272-278.
[11]安作相.塔里木—华南地块裂解与四川下古生界油气[J].石油学报,1997,18(1):18-22.An Zuoxiang.Taphrogeny of Tarim-south China massif and itsrelated to low Paleozoic oil-gas in Sichuan Basin[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,1997,18(1):18-22.
[12]张爱云,伍大茂,郭丽娜,等.海相黑色页岩建造地球化学与成矿意义[M].北京:科学出版社,1987.Zhang Aiyun,Wu Damao,Guo Li’na,et al.Marine black shaleformation geochemistry and metallogenic significance[M].Beijing:Science Press,1987.
[13]陈兰,钟宏,胡瑞忠,等.湘黔地区早寒武世黑色页岩有机碳同位素组成变化及其意义[J].矿物岩石,2006,26(1):81-85.Chen Lan,Zhong Hong,Hu Ruizhong,et al.Composition of organiccarbon isotope of early Cambrian black shale in the Xiang-Qian areaand its significances[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,2006,26(1):81-85.
[14]李有禹.湖南大庸慈利一带下寒武统黑色页岩中海底喷流沉积硅岩的地质特征[J].岩石学报,1997,13(1):121-126.Li Youyu.The geological characteristics of sea-floor exhalationsedimentary chert in Lower Cambrian black shales in Dayong-CiliArea,Hu’nan Province[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,1997,13(1):121-126.
[2]李登华,李建忠,王社教,等.页岩气藏形成条件分析[J].天然气工业,2009,29(5):22-26.Li Denghua,Li Jianzhong,Wang Shejiao,et al.Analysis of controlson gas shale reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(5):22-26.
[3]蒲泊伶,蒋有录,王毅,等.四川盆地下志留统龙马溪组页岩气成藏条件及有利地区分析[J].石油学报,2010,31(2):225-230.Pu Boling,Jiang Youlu,Wang Yi,et al.Reservoir-forming conditionsand favorable exploration zones of shale gas in Lower SilurianLongmaxi Formation of Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(2):225-230.
[4]Curtis J B.Fractured shale gas systems[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(11):1921-1938.
[5]王世谦,陈更生,董大忠,等.四川盆地下古生界页岩气藏形成条件与勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2009,29(5):51-58.Wang Shiqian,Chen Gengsheng,Dong Dazhong,et al.Accumulationconditions and exploitation prospect of shale gas in the LowerPaleozoic Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(5):51-58.
[6]邹才能,陶士振,袁选俊,等.“连续型”油气藏及其在全球的重要性:成藏、分布与评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(6):669-682.Zou Caineng,Tao Shizhen,Yuan Xuanjun,et al.Global importanceof“continuous”petroleum reservoirs:Accumulation,distribution andevaluation[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(6):669-682.
[7]邹才能,张光亚,陶士振,等.全球油气勘探领域地质特征、重大发现及非常规石油地质[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(2):129-145.Zou Caineng,Zhang Guangya,Tao Shizhen,et al.Geologicalfeatures,major discoveries and unconventional petroleum geology inthe global petroleum exploration[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2010,37(2):129-145.
[8]邹才能,董大忠,王社教,等.中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(6):641-653.Zou Caineng,Dong Dazhong,Wang Shejiao,et al.Geologicalcharacteristics,formation mechanism and resource potential of shalegas in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2010,37(6):641-653.
[9]陈旭.论笔石的深度分带[J].古生物学报,1990,29(5):507-526.Chen Xu.Graptolite depth zonation[J].Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,1990,29(5):507-526.
[10]姜月华,岳文浙,业治铮.华南下古生界缺氧事件与黑色页岩及有关矿产[J].有色金属矿产与勘查,1994,3(5):272-278.Jiang Yuehua,Yue Wenzhe,Ye Zhizheng.Anoxic event,black shalesand related mineral resources:Taking the Lower Palaeozoic insouthern China as an example[J].Geological Exploration forNon-Ferrous Metals,1994,3(5):272-278.
[11]安作相.塔里木—华南地块裂解与四川下古生界油气[J].石油学报,1997,18(1):18-22.An Zuoxiang.Taphrogeny of Tarim-south China massif and itsrelated to low Paleozoic oil-gas in Sichuan Basin[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,1997,18(1):18-22.
[12]张爱云,伍大茂,郭丽娜,等.海相黑色页岩建造地球化学与成矿意义[M].北京:科学出版社,1987.Zhang Aiyun,Wu Damao,Guo Li’na,et al.Marine black shaleformation geochemistry and metallogenic significance[M].Beijing:Science Press,1987.
[13]陈兰,钟宏,胡瑞忠,等.湘黔地区早寒武世黑色页岩有机碳同位素组成变化及其意义[J].矿物岩石,2006,26(1):81-85.Chen Lan,Zhong Hong,Hu Ruizhong,et al.Composition of organiccarbon isotope of early Cambrian black shale in the Xiang-Qian areaand its significances[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,2006,26(1):81-85.
[14]李有禹.湖南大庸慈利一带下寒武统黑色页岩中海底喷流沉积硅岩的地质特征[J].岩石学报,1997,13(1):121-126.Li Youyu.The geological characteristics of sea-floor exhalationsedimentary chert in Lower Cambrian black shales in Dayong-CiliArea,Hu’nan Province[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,1997,13(1):121-126.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心