歧口凹陷歧北斜坡沙三段挠曲坡折体系与岩性油气藏勘探
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摘要
从斜坡带沉积背景和古地貌特征入手,以高分辨率层序地层格架为单元,采用3D地震、测录井、取心、砂体分布与油气藏特征等资料综合分析的方法,探讨了渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷歧北斜坡沙三段坡折体系特征与砂体分布以及油气藏之间的关系。结果表明,歧北斜坡沙三段受差异沉降、断块翘倾与基底构造影响,总体发育三级坡坪带,在斜坡高部位一级坡坪带的凸起近缘发育侵蚀坡折带,斜坡中低部位发育挠曲坡折带,构成了沙三段低位期侵蚀-挠曲坡折体系。在斜坡区沙三期,盆内物源供砂,沟槽输砂,坡坪控砂,源型聚砂,纵向上可识别出低位、湖扩、高位3个三级旋回与7个四级高分辨率旋回,各层顺斜向上超覆分布,在各级坡坪带发育了辫状河三角洲前缘、远岸水下扇与滨浅湖砂质滩坝等砂体,地层岩性圈闭发育。这些地层岩性圈闭与烃源区近邻,优势输导,富集成藏,叠合连片,是斜坡区地层岩性油气藏勘探的重要对象之一。
Starting off with the analysis of the sedimentary background of slope belts and paleogeomorphology,this paper discusses the slope-break system characteristics and the relationship between sand stone distribution and oil-gas reservoir in high resolution sequence stratigraphic unit by comprehensively analyzing the 3-D seismic,logging,core,sand distribution and reservoir characteristic data.In the typical oil-rich Qikou sag of Bohai Bay Basin,there develops a three-grade slope-flat zone on the whole because of differential settlement,fault block tilt and basement structure.In the low systems tract of Es3-2,there develops an erosional-flexure slope break system including an erosional slope break zone which is located on the arch edge of first-grade slope-flat zone in the high part of slope.A classical flexure slope break zone develops in the mid-low part.The exploration and research indicate that the sandstone supplied by inner basin provenance,delivered by groove,controlled by slope-flat,accumulated by type of provenance of Es3 in the slope.In Es3 three third-order cycles and seven fourth-order high resolution cycles can be identified vertically and each layer overlaps upward the slope in order.Braided river delta front,offshore submerged fan and shallow lake dam bar and related lithologic traps develop in the slope break zone at all levels.All these lithologic traps adjoin the source rocks and have dominant migration,are accumulated,highly overlapped and connected each other.They are the important lithostratigraphic reservoir exploration targets in the slope region.
Starting off with the analysis of the sedimentary background of slope belts and paleogeomorphology,this paper discusses the slope-break system characteristics and the relationship between sand stone distribution and oil-gas reservoir in high resolution sequence stratigraphic unit by comprehensively analyzing the 3-D seismic,logging,core,sand distribution and reservoir characteristic data.In the typical oil-rich Qikou sag of Bohai Bay Basin,there develops a three-grade slope-flat zone on the whole because of differential settlement,fault block tilt and basement structure.In the low systems tract of Es3-2,there develops an erosional-flexure slope break system including an erosional slope break zone which is located on the arch edge of first-grade slope-flat zone in the high part of slope.A classical flexure slope break zone develops in the mid-low part.The exploration and research indicate that the sandstone supplied by inner basin provenance,delivered by groove,controlled by slope-flat,accumulated by type of provenance of Es3 in the slope.In Es3 three third-order cycles and seven fourth-order high resolution cycles can be identified vertically and each layer overlaps upward the slope in order.Braided river delta front,offshore submerged fan and shallow lake dam bar and related lithologic traps develop in the slope break zone at all levels.All these lithologic traps adjoin the source rocks and have dominant migration,are accumulated,highly overlapped and connected each other.They are the important lithostratigraphic reservoir exploration targets in the slope region.
引文
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[3]王颖,王英民,赵志魁,等.松辽盆地南部泉头组四段-姚家组西部坡折带的成因及演化[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(3):33-90.
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[9]张善文,王英民,李群.应用坡折带理论寻找隐蔽油气藏[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(3):5-7.
[10]李树同,王多云,王彬,等.坳陷型湖盆缓坡边缘沉积坡折带的识别——以鄂尔多斯盆地三叠纪延长期沉积坡折带为例[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(1):83-88.
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[12]徐长贵,赖维成,薛永安,等.古地貌分析在渤海古近系储集层预测中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(5):53-56.
[13]李阳,邱桂强,刘建民.沉积学研究对济阳断陷湖盆油气勘探开发的推动作用[J].沉积学报,2004,22(3):400-407.
[14]冯有良,徐秀生.同沉积构造坡折带对岩性油气藏富集带的控制作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(1):22-26.
[15]蒲秀刚,吴永平,周建生,等.歧口凹陷岩性地层油气藏特征及勘探潜力[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):35-39.
[16]蒲秀刚,柳飒,周建生,等.“三元耦合”控藏机制与勘探有利区分析——以渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷古近系岩性地层油气藏为例[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(6):575-579.
[2]王英民,金武弟,刘书会,等.断陷湖盆多级坡折带的成因类型、展布及其勘探意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(3):199-214.
[3]王颖,王英民,赵志魁,等.松辽盆地南部泉头组四段-姚家组西部坡折带的成因及演化[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(3):33-90.
[4]李群,王英民.陆相盆地坡折带的隐蔽油气藏勘探战略[J].地质评论,2003,49(4):445-448.
[5]林畅松,潘元林,肖建新,等.构造坡折带——断陷盆地层序分析和油气预测的重要概念[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2000,25(3):35-39.
[6]周立宏,肖敦清,蒲秀刚,等.陆相断陷湖盆复式叠合油气成藏与优势相富集新模式[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(1):7-10.
[7]王颖,王英民,王晓洲,等.松辽盆地西部坡折带的成因演化及其对地层分布模式的控制作用[J].沉积学报,2005,23(3):498-506.
[8]王英民,刘豪,李立诚,等.准噶尔大型坳陷湖盆坡折带的类型和分布特征[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2002,27(6):683-688.
[9]张善文,王英民,李群.应用坡折带理论寻找隐蔽油气藏[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(3):5-7.
[10]李树同,王多云,王彬,等.坳陷型湖盆缓坡边缘沉积坡折带的识别——以鄂尔多斯盆地三叠纪延长期沉积坡折带为例[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(1):83-88.
[11]王家豪,王华,任建业,等.黄骅坳陷中区大型斜向变换带及其油气勘探意义[J].石油学报,2010,31(3):355-360.
[12]徐长贵,赖维成,薛永安,等.古地貌分析在渤海古近系储集层预测中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(5):53-56.
[13]李阳,邱桂强,刘建民.沉积学研究对济阳断陷湖盆油气勘探开发的推动作用[J].沉积学报,2004,22(3):400-407.
[14]冯有良,徐秀生.同沉积构造坡折带对岩性油气藏富集带的控制作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(1):22-26.
[15]蒲秀刚,吴永平,周建生,等.歧口凹陷岩性地层油气藏特征及勘探潜力[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):35-39.
[16]蒲秀刚,柳飒,周建生,等.“三元耦合”控藏机制与勘探有利区分析——以渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷古近系岩性地层油气藏为例[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(6):575-579.
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