川东五百梯长兴组台缘生物礁储层沉积学特征
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摘要
川东五百梯地区长兴组发育台内海槽、台地前缘缓斜坡、台地边缘生物礁滩和开阔台地4个相带,其中环海槽发育的台地边缘相带贯穿整个川东地区并绵延数百公里,是寻找生物礁滩型气藏最有利的相带。以五百梯地区长兴组台地边缘生物礁滩为例,可将其划分为礁基、礁核、礁顶、礁前和礁后等诸亚相,其中最有利储层发育的亚相为礁核和礁顶亚相,储集岩主要为礁滩相白云岩及晶粒白云岩。在地震剖面中利用丘状杂乱反射和气烟囱效应可对礁相储层进行有效预测,白云岩化和溶蚀作用是控制礁型气藏形成的关键因素,也是形成优质礁相储层的基础,而裂缝则大大提高了储层的孔、渗性。
There are four facies belts developed in Changxing Formation in Wubaiti area,including intraplatform trough (deep water basin),platform slope,platform margin reef flat and open platform.The platform marginal facies of continental shelf around intraplatform trough developed well.It is across entire eastern Sichuan and extends hundreds of kilometers,and it is the most important facies for seeking reef gas reservoir.The platform margin reef in Wubaiti area can be divided into five subfacies,including reef base,reef core,reef crest,reef front and reef behind,among which reef core and reef crest are the most favorable subfacies for the reservoir development.The reservoir rocks are mainly dolomite of reef and shoal facies and grain dolomite.Hummocky disorder reflection and chimney effect in seismic profile can be used to effectively predict reef reservoir.Dolomitization and dissolution are not only the key factors for controlling the forming of reef gas reservoir,but also the basis for forming high quality reef reservoir.The fracture raises the porosity and permeability of reservoir.
There are four facies belts developed in Changxing Formation in Wubaiti area,including intraplatform trough (deep water basin),platform slope,platform margin reef flat and open platform.The platform marginal facies of continental shelf around intraplatform trough developed well.It is across entire eastern Sichuan and extends hundreds of kilometers,and it is the most important facies for seeking reef gas reservoir.The platform margin reef in Wubaiti area can be divided into five subfacies,including reef base,reef core,reef crest,reef front and reef behind,among which reef core and reef crest are the most favorable subfacies for the reservoir development.The reservoir rocks are mainly dolomite of reef and shoal facies and grain dolomite.Hummocky disorder reflection and chimney effect in seismic profile can be used to effectively predict reef reservoir.Dolomitization and dissolution are not only the key factors for controlling the forming of reef gas reservoir,but also the basis for forming high quality reef reservoir.The fracture raises the porosity and permeability of reservoir.
引文
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[2]王一刚,文应初,张帆.川东地区上二叠统长兴组生物礁分布规律[J].天然气工业,1998,18(6):10-15.
[3]郑荣才,史建南,罗爱君,等.川东北地区白云岩储层地球化学特征对比研究[J].天然气工业,2008,28(11):16-21.
[4]张兵,郑荣才,文华国,等.开江—梁平台内海槽东段长兴组礁滩相储层识别标志及其预测[J].高校地质学报,2009,15(2):273-284.
[5]李联新,胡红,罗泽松.川东高峰场构造长兴组生物礁储层测井评价[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(4):118-205.
[6]张廷山,姜照勇,陈晓慧.四川盆地古生代生物礁滩特征及发育控制因素[J].中国地质,2008,35(5):1017-1030.
[7]牟传龙,谭钦银,余谦,等.川东北地区上二叠统长兴组生物礁组成及成礁模式[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2004,24(3):65-71.
[8]姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003:404-420.
[9]郑荣才,胡忠贵,冯青平,等.川东北地区长兴组白云岩储层的成因研究[J].矿物岩石,2007,27(4):78-84.
[10]李国军,郑荣才,唐玉林,等.川东北地区飞仙关组层序-岩相古地理特征[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(4):64-70.
[11]王延奇,胡明毅,刘富艳,等.鄂西利川见天坝长兴组海绵礁岩石类型及礁体演化阶段[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(3):44-55.
[12]马永生,牟传龙,郭彤楼,等.四川盆地东北部长兴组层序地层与储层分布[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):179-185.
[13]沈平,徐人芬,党录瑞,等.中国海相油气田勘探实例之十一:四川盆地五百梯石炭系气田的勘探与发现[J].海相油气地质,2009,14(2):71-79.
[14]吴熙纯,刘效曾,杨仲伦,等.川东上二叠统长兴组生物礁控储层的形成[J].石油与天然气地质,1990,11(3):283-296.
[15]朱光有,张水昌,梁英波.中国海相碳酸盐岩气藏硫化氢形成的控制因素和分布预测[J].科学通报,2007,52(S1):115-125.
[16]张水昌,朱光有,梁英波.四川盆地普光大型气田H2S及优质储层形成机理探讨——读马永生教授的“四川盆地普光大型气田的发现与勘探启示”有感[J].地质论评,2006,52(2):230-235.
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