南沙海域新生代构造特征和沉降演化
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摘要
为了认识南沙海域新生代的整体沉降规律,对覆盖南沙海域的5条地震剖面进行了构造分析和沉降计算.结果表明,南沙海域大部分伸展断层活动到T40(16Ma)和T60(23.8Ma),而T60(23.8Ma)前的构造沉降表现为断陷盆地特征,T60后为坳陷特征,所以T60(23.8Ma)应为南沙海域大的构造转换面;南沙海域的沉降中心出现在NE向南沙海槽的延伸带上,它和前缘的逆冲推覆体一起成为南沙海域最显著的特征;由逆冲推覆体的构造和地层特征判断其形成于T40(16Ma)后,构造沉降速率拟合曲线也表明,南沙海域在T40(16Ma)-T32(10.2Ma)受到SE端的挤压和负载最强烈,产生宽约200km的相对隆升,并伴生有火山、张裂活动,因此,T40(16Ma)可能是南沙海域区域应力场由伸展向挤压转换的界面;上新世-第四纪(5.3～0Ma)是南沙海域的快速构造沉降期,可能与SE端的挤压强度减弱有关.
Tectonic evolution in Nansha is analyzed by depicting the faults and calculating the tectonic subsidence along 5 profiles across Nansha.The study shows the following results:1.T60(23.8 Ma) is an important tectonic transformation boundary(except for the region around Youngshu basin) because most normal faults have been activated until sequence boundary T40(16 Ma) or T60(23.8 Ma) and subsidence curves across the region are characterized by syn-rift basin before T60(23.8 Ma) and post-rift basin after that.2.The Southeast of Nansha is the outstanding topography with a combination of a NE-SW belt of high subsidence along Nansha trough and its NE elongating zone with a NE-SW belt of thrust to the Southeast indicating there is a stress reverse in T40 boundary.3.There is high subsidence period since 5.3 Ma which may relate to the weakness of compression to the SE of Nansha.
Tectonic evolution in Nansha is analyzed by depicting the faults and calculating the tectonic subsidence along 5 profiles across Nansha.The study shows the following results:1.T60(23.8 Ma) is an important tectonic transformation boundary(except for the region around Youngshu basin) because most normal faults have been activated until sequence boundary T40(16 Ma) or T60(23.8 Ma) and subsidence curves across the region are characterized by syn-rift basin before T60(23.8 Ma) and post-rift basin after that.2.The Southeast of Nansha is the outstanding topography with a combination of a NE-SW belt of high subsidence along Nansha trough and its NE elongating zone with a NE-SW belt of thrust to the Southeast indicating there is a stress reverse in T40 boundary.3.There is high subsidence period since 5.3 Ma which may relate to the weakness of compression to the SE of Nansha.
引文
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Briais,A.,Patriat,P.,Tappannier,P.,1993.Updated interpretation of magnetic anomalies and seafloor spreadingstages in the South China Sea:implications for the Tertiary tectonics of Southeast Asia.Journal of Geophysical Research,98(B4):6299-6328.
Fuller,M.,Ali,J.R.,Moss,S.J.,et al.,1999.Paleomagnetismof Bormeo.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,17(1-2):3-24.doi:10.1016/S0743-9547(98)00057-9
Hall,R.,Van Hattum,M.W.A.,Spakman,W.,2008.Impact of India-Asia collision on SE Asia:the record inBorneo.Tectonophysics,451(1-4):366-389.doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2007.11.058
Hinz,K.,Fritsch,J.,Kempter,E.H.K.,et al.,1989.Thrust tectonics along the northwestern continentalmargin of Sabah/Borneo.Geologische Rundschau,78(3):705-730.doi:10.1007/BF01829317
Holloway,N.H.,1982.North Palawan block,Philippines—itsrelation to Asian mainland and role in evolution of SouthChina Sea.AAPG Bulletin,66(9):1355-1383.doi:10.1306/03B5A7A5-16D1-11D7-8645000102C1865D
Hutchison,C.S.,1996.The‘Rajang accretionary prism’and‘Lupar Line’problem of Borneo.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,106:247-261.doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.106.01.16
Hutchison,C.S.,2004.Marginal basin evolution:the southernSouth China Sea.Marine and Petroleum Geology,21(9):1129-1148.doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2004.07.002
Jin,Q.H.,Li,T.G.,2000.Regional geologic tectonics of theNansha Sea area.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,20(1):1-8(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li,P.L.,1993.Cenozoic tectonic movement in the Pearl River Mouth basin.China Offshore Oil and Gas(geology),7(6):11-17(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu,Z.H.,Guo,L.H.,2003.Subsidence and tectonic evolution of the Beikang basin,the South China Sea.MarineGeology&Quaternary Geology,23(2):51-57(inChinese with English abstract).
Morley,C.K.,2002.A tectonic model for the Tertiary evolution of strike-slip faults and rift basins in SE Asia.Tectonophysics,347(4):189-215.doi:10.1016/S00401951(02)00061-6
Qiu,Y.,Wu,J.M.,1995.Sedimentation characteristics andits significance of oil geology.Marine geology,2:9-21(in Chinese with English abstract).
Taylor,B.,Hayes,D.E.,1980.The tectonic evolution of theSouth China Sea basin,In:Hayes,D.E.,ed.,The tectonic and geologic evolution of Southeastern Asia Seasand islands.Geophysical Monograph,AGU,Washington,D.C.,23:9-104.
Taylor,B.,Hayes,D.E.,1983.Origin and history of theSouth China Sea basin.In:Hayes,D.E.,ed.,The tectonic and geologic evolution of Southeastern Asia Seasand islands Part2.Geophysical Monograph,AGU,Washington,D.C.,27:23-56.
Sun,Z.,Zhao,Z.X.,Zhou,D.,et al.,2011.The Stratigraphyand the sequence achitecture of the basins in Nansha region.Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geo-sciences,36(5):798-806(in Chinese with English Abstract).
Wu,S.M.,Zhou,D.,Liu,H.L.,2004.Tectonic frameworkand evolutionary characteristics of Nansha block SouthChina Sea.Geotectonica Et Metallogenia,28(1):23-28(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xie,W.Y.,Wang,T.,Zhang,Y.W.,2007.Structural features and formation mechanism of fault systems in Nansha Sea area.Journal of Tropical Oceanography,26(6):26-33(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yao,B.C.,1996.Tectonic characteristics and evolution ofthe Nansha trough.Geological Research of South China Sea,(8):1-13(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao,Z.X.,Zhou,D.,Liao,J.,et al.,2010.Lithosphericstretching modeling of the continental shelf in the PearlRiver Mouth basin and analysis of post-breakup subsidence.Acta Geologica Sinica,84(8):1135-1145(inChinese with English abstract).
金庆焕,李唐根,2000.南沙海域区域地质构造.海洋地质与第四纪地质,20(1):1-8.
李平鲁,1993.珠江口盆地新生代构造运动.中国海上油气(地质),7(6):11-17.
刘振湖,郭丽华,2003.北康盆地沉降作用与构造运动.海洋地质与第四纪地质,23(2):51-57.
邱燕,吴进民,1995.南沙曾母盆地沉积特征及其石油地质意义.海洋地质,2:9-21.
孙珍,赵中贤,周蒂,等,2011.南沙海域盆地的地层系统与沉积结构.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,36(5):798-806.
吴世敏,周蒂,刘海龄,2004.南沙地块构造格局及其演化特征.大地构造与成矿学,28(1):23-28.
谢文彦,王涛,张一伟,2007.南沙群岛海域断裂体系构造特征及其形成机制.热带海洋学报,26(6):26-33.
姚伯初,1996.南沙海槽的构造特征及其构造演化史.南海地质研究,(8):1-13.
赵中贤,周蒂,廖杰,等,2010.珠江口盆地陆架区岩石圈伸展模拟及裂后沉降分析.地质学报,84(8):1135-1145.
Briais,A.,Patriat,P.,Tappannier,P.,1993.Updated interpretation of magnetic anomalies and seafloor spreadingstages in the South China Sea:implications for the Tertiary tectonics of Southeast Asia.Journal of Geophysical Research,98(B4):6299-6328.
Fuller,M.,Ali,J.R.,Moss,S.J.,et al.,1999.Paleomagnetismof Bormeo.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,17(1-2):3-24.doi:10.1016/S0743-9547(98)00057-9
Hall,R.,Van Hattum,M.W.A.,Spakman,W.,2008.Impact of India-Asia collision on SE Asia:the record inBorneo.Tectonophysics,451(1-4):366-389.doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2007.11.058
Hinz,K.,Fritsch,J.,Kempter,E.H.K.,et al.,1989.Thrust tectonics along the northwestern continentalmargin of Sabah/Borneo.Geologische Rundschau,78(3):705-730.doi:10.1007/BF01829317
Holloway,N.H.,1982.North Palawan block,Philippines—itsrelation to Asian mainland and role in evolution of SouthChina Sea.AAPG Bulletin,66(9):1355-1383.doi:10.1306/03B5A7A5-16D1-11D7-8645000102C1865D
Hutchison,C.S.,1996.The‘Rajang accretionary prism’and‘Lupar Line’problem of Borneo.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,106:247-261.doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.106.01.16
Hutchison,C.S.,2004.Marginal basin evolution:the southernSouth China Sea.Marine and Petroleum Geology,21(9):1129-1148.doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2004.07.002
Jin,Q.H.,Li,T.G.,2000.Regional geologic tectonics of theNansha Sea area.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,20(1):1-8(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li,P.L.,1993.Cenozoic tectonic movement in the Pearl River Mouth basin.China Offshore Oil and Gas(geology),7(6):11-17(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu,Z.H.,Guo,L.H.,2003.Subsidence and tectonic evolution of the Beikang basin,the South China Sea.MarineGeology&Quaternary Geology,23(2):51-57(inChinese with English abstract).
Morley,C.K.,2002.A tectonic model for the Tertiary evolution of strike-slip faults and rift basins in SE Asia.Tectonophysics,347(4):189-215.doi:10.1016/S00401951(02)00061-6
Qiu,Y.,Wu,J.M.,1995.Sedimentation characteristics andits significance of oil geology.Marine geology,2:9-21(in Chinese with English abstract).
Taylor,B.,Hayes,D.E.,1980.The tectonic evolution of theSouth China Sea basin,In:Hayes,D.E.,ed.,The tectonic and geologic evolution of Southeastern Asia Seasand islands.Geophysical Monograph,AGU,Washington,D.C.,23:9-104.
Taylor,B.,Hayes,D.E.,1983.Origin and history of theSouth China Sea basin.In:Hayes,D.E.,ed.,The tectonic and geologic evolution of Southeastern Asia Seasand islands Part2.Geophysical Monograph,AGU,Washington,D.C.,27:23-56.
Sun,Z.,Zhao,Z.X.,Zhou,D.,et al.,2011.The Stratigraphyand the sequence achitecture of the basins in Nansha region.Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geo-sciences,36(5):798-806(in Chinese with English Abstract).
Wu,S.M.,Zhou,D.,Liu,H.L.,2004.Tectonic frameworkand evolutionary characteristics of Nansha block SouthChina Sea.Geotectonica Et Metallogenia,28(1):23-28(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xie,W.Y.,Wang,T.,Zhang,Y.W.,2007.Structural features and formation mechanism of fault systems in Nansha Sea area.Journal of Tropical Oceanography,26(6):26-33(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yao,B.C.,1996.Tectonic characteristics and evolution ofthe Nansha trough.Geological Research of South China Sea,(8):1-13(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao,Z.X.,Zhou,D.,Liao,J.,et al.,2010.Lithosphericstretching modeling of the continental shelf in the PearlRiver Mouth basin and analysis of post-breakup subsidence.Acta Geologica Sinica,84(8):1135-1145(inChinese with English abstract).
金庆焕,李唐根,2000.南沙海域区域地质构造.海洋地质与第四纪地质,20(1):1-8.
李平鲁,1993.珠江口盆地新生代构造运动.中国海上油气(地质),7(6):11-17.
刘振湖,郭丽华,2003.北康盆地沉降作用与构造运动.海洋地质与第四纪地质,23(2):51-57.
邱燕,吴进民,1995.南沙曾母盆地沉积特征及其石油地质意义.海洋地质,2:9-21.
孙珍,赵中贤,周蒂,等,2011.南沙海域盆地的地层系统与沉积结构.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,36(5):798-806.
吴世敏,周蒂,刘海龄,2004.南沙地块构造格局及其演化特征.大地构造与成矿学,28(1):23-28.
谢文彦,王涛,张一伟,2007.南沙群岛海域断裂体系构造特征及其形成机制.热带海洋学报,26(6):26-33.
姚伯初,1996.南沙海槽的构造特征及其构造演化史.南海地质研究,(8):1-13.
赵中贤,周蒂,廖杰,等,2010.珠江口盆地陆架区岩石圈伸展模拟及裂后沉降分析.地质学报,84(8):1135-1145.
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