塔河油田4区古地貌对储层分布的影响
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摘要
碳酸盐岩储层预测一直为世界性难题。塔河油田4区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层以岩溶、构造运动形成的溶蚀孔洞和裂缝系统为主,具有埋藏深,非均质性强的特点。基于三维地震资料,通过构造的精细解剖,认识到断层纵横向展布控制油气成藏,断裂发育的地区溶蚀孔洞发育;通过对中-下奥陶统顶部海西早期岩溶古地貌的恢复,发现塔河4区奥陶系潜山储层分布主要受岩溶古地貌影响,并明确了缝洞储层有利发育区。综合分析认为,在后期开发方案调整中应该避开古地形低洼区;而在储层精细描述中,应根据古地貌特征调整属性预测参数。通过古地貌恢复,为油藏精细方案调整和有效开发奠定了基础。该思路和方法对塔河油田其它相似区块的研究和寻找奥陶系油气高产区具有借鉴意义。
Prediction of carbonate reservoirs is challenging all over the world.The reservoir spaces of the Ordovician carbonates in Block 4 of Tahe oilfield are dominated by dissolved vug and fracture systems developed from karstification and tectonic movement.These reservoirs feature in deep burial and high heterogeneity.Fine structural interpretation with 3D seismic data reveals that hydrocarbon accumulation is controlled by vertical and horizontal fault distribution,and the dissolved vugs are well associated with faults.Restoration of the Early Hercynian karst paleogeomorphology on the top of Middle-Lower Ordovician in Tahe oilfield indicates that the distribution of the Ordovician buried-hill reservoirs in Block 4 of Tahe oilfield is mainly controlled by the karst paleogeomorphology.The areas favorable for the development of fractured-vuggy reservoirs are delineated.Comprehensive analysis shows that the low-lying areas of the ancient terrain should be avoided in the latter development plan refinement,and parameters for fine reservoir description should be adjusted according to the palaeogeomorphology characteristics.Paleogeomorphology restoration lays a basis for reservoir plan refinement and effective development.This method is helpfull for the study of other similar blocks and the discovery of highly productive Ordovician reservoirs in Tahe oilfield.
Prediction of carbonate reservoirs is challenging all over the world.The reservoir spaces of the Ordovician carbonates in Block 4 of Tahe oilfield are dominated by dissolved vug and fracture systems developed from karstification and tectonic movement.These reservoirs feature in deep burial and high heterogeneity.Fine structural interpretation with 3D seismic data reveals that hydrocarbon accumulation is controlled by vertical and horizontal fault distribution,and the dissolved vugs are well associated with faults.Restoration of the Early Hercynian karst paleogeomorphology on the top of Middle-Lower Ordovician in Tahe oilfield indicates that the distribution of the Ordovician buried-hill reservoirs in Block 4 of Tahe oilfield is mainly controlled by the karst paleogeomorphology.The areas favorable for the development of fractured-vuggy reservoirs are delineated.Comprehensive analysis shows that the low-lying areas of the ancient terrain should be avoided in the latter development plan refinement,and parameters for fine reservoir description should be adjusted according to the palaeogeomorphology characteristics.Paleogeomorphology restoration lays a basis for reservoir plan refinement and effective development.This method is helpfull for the study of other similar blocks and the discovery of highly productive Ordovician reservoirs in Tahe oilfield.
引文
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[12]刘国臣,金之钧,李京昌.沉积盆地沉积剥蚀过程定量研究的一种新方法——盆地波动过程分析应用之一[J].沉积学报,1995,13(3):23-30Liu Guochen,Jin Zhijun,Li Jingchang.A new method on thequantitative study of depositional and erosional processes ofsedimentary basins—an application of wave process analysisduring basin evolution[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinnica,1995,13(3):23-30.
[13]Van Wagoner J C.Reservoir facies distribution as controlledbysea-level change[J].Society of Economic PaleontologistsandMineralologists,1985:91-92.
[14]杨玉芳,钟建华,陈志鹏,等.塔中地区寒武-奥陶系白云岩成因类型及空间分布[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(4):455-462.Yang Yufang,Zhong Jianhua,Chen Zhipeng,et al.Genesistypes and distribution pattern of the Cambrian and Ordoviciandolomites in Tazhong area,the Tarim Basin[J].Oil&Gas Ge-ology,2010,31(4):455-462.
[15]赵艳艳,袁向春,康志江.缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏油井产量及压力变化模型[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(1):54-56,62.Zhao Yanyan,Yuan Xiangchun,and Kang Zhijiang.Flow rateand pressure variation modeling for production wells in frac-tured-vuggy carbonates reservoirs[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(1):54-56,62.
[16]宁飞,汤良杰,张钰,等.塔中隆起早古生代反转构造及其石油地质意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(1):57-62.Ning Fei,Tang Liangjie,Zhang Yu,et al.Eopaleozoic inversionstructures in the Tazhong Uplift and their significance to petro-leum geology[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(1):57-62.
[2]康玉柱.中国古生代海相油气资源潜力巨大[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(6):699-706,752.Kang Yuzhu.Great hydrocarbon potential in the Paleozoicmarine sequences in China[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(6):699-706,752.
[3]漆立新,云露.塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶发育特征与主控因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(1):1-12.Qi Lixin,Yun Lu.Development characteristics and main con-trolling factors of the Ordovician carbonate karst in Tahe oilfield[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(1):1-12.
[4]鲁新便,蔡忠贤.缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏古溶洞系统与油气开发——以塔河碳酸盐岩溶洞型油藏为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(1):22-27.Lu Xinbian,Cai Zhongxian.A study of the paleo-cavern systemin fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs and oil/gas develop-ment—taking the reservoirs in Tahe oilfield as an example[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(1):22-27.
[5]汤良杰.塔里木盆地构造演化与构造样式[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,1994,(06):742-753Tang Liangjie.Evolution and tectonic patterns of tarim basin[J].Earth Science-journal of China University of Geosciences,1994,(06):742-753.
[6]康志宏.塔河碳酸盐岩油藏岩溶古地貌研究[J].新疆石油地质,2006,(05):522-525.Kang Zhihong.The Karst Palaeogeomorphology of carbonatereservoir in Tahe Oilfield[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2006,(05):522-525.
[7]GrimmR E,Bates C R.Detection and analysis of naturally frac-tured gas reservoirs[J].Geophysics,1999,64(4):1277-1292.
[8]林忠民.塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层特征及成藏条件[J].石油学报,2002,23(3):23-26.Lin Zhongmin.Carbonate rck reservoir features and ol-gas accu-mulating conditins in the Ordvician of tahe oilfleld in northernTarim basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(3):23-26.
[9]肖玉茹,何峰煜,孙义梅.古洞穴型碳酸盐岩储层特征研究——以塔河油田奥陶系古洞穴为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(1):75-81.Xiao Yuru,He Fengyu,Sun Yimei.Reservoir characteristics ofPalecave carbnates—a case study of Ordvician Palecae in Taheoilfield,Tarim basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2003,24(1):75-81.
[10]张希明,朱建国,李宗宇,等.塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型油气藏的特征及缝洞单元划分[J].海相油气地质,2007,12(1):21-24.Zhang Ximing,Zhu Jianguo,Li Zongyu,et al.Ordovician car-bonate fractured-vuggy reservoir in Tahe oilfield,Tarim basin:characteristics and subdivision of fracture-vug units[J].Marineorigin Petroleun Geology,2007,12(1):21-24.
[11]何治亮,彭守涛,张涛.塔里木盆地塔河地区奥陶系储层形成的控制因素与复合-联合成因机制[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(6):743-752.He Zhiliang,Peng Shoutao,Zhang Tao.Controlling factors andgenetic pattern of the Ordovician reservoirs in the Tahe area,Tarim Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(6):743-752.
[12]刘国臣,金之钧,李京昌.沉积盆地沉积剥蚀过程定量研究的一种新方法——盆地波动过程分析应用之一[J].沉积学报,1995,13(3):23-30Liu Guochen,Jin Zhijun,Li Jingchang.A new method on thequantitative study of depositional and erosional processes ofsedimentary basins—an application of wave process analysisduring basin evolution[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinnica,1995,13(3):23-30.
[13]Van Wagoner J C.Reservoir facies distribution as controlledbysea-level change[J].Society of Economic PaleontologistsandMineralologists,1985:91-92.
[14]杨玉芳,钟建华,陈志鹏,等.塔中地区寒武-奥陶系白云岩成因类型及空间分布[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(4):455-462.Yang Yufang,Zhong Jianhua,Chen Zhipeng,et al.Genesistypes and distribution pattern of the Cambrian and Ordoviciandolomites in Tazhong area,the Tarim Basin[J].Oil&Gas Ge-ology,2010,31(4):455-462.
[15]赵艳艳,袁向春,康志江.缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏油井产量及压力变化模型[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(1):54-56,62.Zhao Yanyan,Yuan Xiangchun,and Kang Zhijiang.Flow rateand pressure variation modeling for production wells in frac-tured-vuggy carbonates reservoirs[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(1):54-56,62.
[16]宁飞,汤良杰,张钰,等.塔中隆起早古生代反转构造及其石油地质意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(1):57-62.Ning Fei,Tang Liangjie,Zhang Yu,et al.Eopaleozoic inversionstructures in the Tazhong Uplift and their significance to petro-leum geology[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(1):57-62.
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