塔里木盆地寒武纪层序岩相古地理特征
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摘要
通过野外露头剖面、测井和录井、地震等资料,以层序地层学理论为指导将塔里木盆地寒武系划分为3个二级层序(SS1,SS2,SS3),14个三级层序,其中二级层序均为I型层序,主要发育海侵体系域和高位体系域。在此基础上结合其沉积相发育特征以二级层序体系域为编图单位编制了6张层序岩相古地理图。结果表明,SS1、SS2时期均表现为海侵期急速而短暂的海平面上升与高位期漫长的缓慢海平面下降,盆地中部、西部区域主要以海侵期的局限台地、开阔台地沉积转变为高位期的蒸发台地及局限台地泻湖沉积,盆地东部区域主要以陆棚、盆地沉积为主,盆地面积相对较大。SS3时期盆地中部、西部地区主要以局限台地、开阔台地沉积为主,与SS1、SS2时期不同的是SS3时期盆地沉积区域相对缩小,陆棚沉积区域扩大,在SS3高位期,盆地最东端逐渐转变为碳酸盐台地沉积。
Based on the materials of outcrops,wells data and seismic data,and guided with sequence stratigraphy theory,the sequence stratigraphy of Cambrian in Tarim basin is divided into three second-order sequences(SS1,SS2,SS3) which belong to the typeⅡsequence,developing TST and HST,and fourteen third-order sequences.Combined with the characteristics of sedimentary facies,six sequence-based lithofacies paleogeographic maps of Cambrian are compiled with the mapping units of sedimentary system tracts.The result shows a rapid and short-term sea level rise in TST and a long slow sea level decline in HST during deposition ages of both SS1 and SS2.The depositions in the middle and western regions of Tarim basin changed from restricted platform and open platform deposition in TST to evaporation platform and restricted platform lagoon in HST.The eastern region of Tarim basin accepted the shelf and basin filling.at this time,the whole basin area was relatively large.In the SS3 period,the platform and open platform deposition existed in the middle and western regions of Tarim basin,In comparison with the SS1 and SS2,the deposition areas became small,and the shelf deposit area expanded.The deposition environment in the eastern part of basin gradually turned to carbonate platform in the SS3 HST.
Based on the materials of outcrops,wells data and seismic data,and guided with sequence stratigraphy theory,the sequence stratigraphy of Cambrian in Tarim basin is divided into three second-order sequences(SS1,SS2,SS3) which belong to the typeⅡsequence,developing TST and HST,and fourteen third-order sequences.Combined with the characteristics of sedimentary facies,six sequence-based lithofacies paleogeographic maps of Cambrian are compiled with the mapping units of sedimentary system tracts.The result shows a rapid and short-term sea level rise in TST and a long slow sea level decline in HST during deposition ages of both SS1 and SS2.The depositions in the middle and western regions of Tarim basin changed from restricted platform and open platform deposition in TST to evaporation platform and restricted platform lagoon in HST.The eastern region of Tarim basin accepted the shelf and basin filling.at this time,the whole basin area was relatively large.In the SS3 period,the platform and open platform deposition existed in the middle and western regions of Tarim basin,In comparison with the SS1 and SS2,the deposition areas became small,and the shelf deposit area expanded.The deposition environment in the eastern part of basin gradually turned to carbonate platform in the SS3 HST.
引文
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[17]Cai Xiyao,Mao Shuhua,Qian Yixiong,et al.Stratigraphicclassification and correlation of Cambrianin Bachu uplift,Tar-i mbasin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(1):38-42.[蔡习尧,毛树华,钱一雄,等.塔里木盆地巴楚隆起寒武系划分与对比[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(1):38-42.]
[18]Chen Yongquan,Zhou Xinyuan,Yang Haijun,et al.Sequencestratigraphy andits control on burial karstification dolostonereservoir in the upper Cambrian Xiaqiulitage Formation at xi-ao′erbulake section,Tari mbasin[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2010,34(1):77-82.[陈永权,周新源,杨海军,等.塔里木盆地肖尔布拉克剖面下丘里塔格组层序地层及其油气勘探意义[J].地层学杂志,2010,34(1):77-82.]
[19]Yu Bingsong.Sequence stratigraphy framework of the Cambrian-Ordovicianin northern Tari m basin[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,1996,16(3):298-303.[于炳松.塔里木盆地北部寒武—奥陶纪层序地层格架[J].矿物学报,1996,16(3):298-303.]
[20]Yu Bingsong,Chen Jianqiang,Lin Changsong.The sequencestratigraphy of Cambrian-Ordovician in Tari m basin and itsrelationship with the Yangtze platformand north China plat-formcomparison[J].Science in China:Series D,2001,31(1):17-26.[于炳松,陈建强,林畅松.塔里木地台北部寒武纪—奥陶纪层序地层及其与扬子地台和华北地台的对比[J].中国科学:D辑,2001,31(1):17-26.]
[21]Liu Jiaduo,Tian Jingchun,Zhang Xiang,et al.Characteristicsand petroleumgeologic significances of the sequence boundarysurface of Cambrian stratain Tari mbasin[J].Journal of Min-eralogy and Petrology,2009,29(4):1-6.[刘家铎,田景春,张翔,等.塔里木盆地寒武系层序界面特征及其油气地质意义[J].矿物岩石,2009,29(4):1-6.]
[22]Jia Chengzao,Zhang Shiben,Wu Shaozu,et al.Stratigraphy ofthe Tari m Basin and Adjacent Areas[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2004:20-41.[贾承造,张师本,吴绍祖,等.塔里木盆地及周边地层[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:20-41.]
[23]Hou Zhongjian,Chen Hongde,Tian Jingchun,et al.The applica-tion of sequencelithofacies and paleogeography mappingtothe an-alyses of lithofacies-paleogeography[J].Journal of Chengdu Uni-versity of Technology,2001,28(4):376-382.[侯中健,陈洪德,田景春,等.层序岩相古地理编图在岩相古地理分析中的应用[J].成都理工学院学报,2001,28(4):376-382.]
[2]Yun Lu,Zhai Xiaoxian.Discussion on characteristics of the Cam-brian reservoirs and hydrocarbon accumulation in well Tashen-1,Tari m basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2008,29(6):726-732.[云露,翟晓先.塔里木盆地塔深1井寒武系储层与成藏特征探讨[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(6):726-732.]
[3]Zheng Herong,Wu Maobing,Wu Xingwei,et al.Oil-gas ex-ploration prospect of dolomite reservoir in the lower Paleozoicof Tari mbasin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):1-8.[郑和荣,吴茂炳,邬兴威,等.塔里木盆地下古生界白云岩储层油气勘探前景[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):1-8.]
[4]Zhu Defeng,Liu Hefu,Xiao Deming,et al.Main petroleumgeological characteristics and oil-gas potentials in the western Tari m basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2008,43(3):473-487.[朱德丰,刘和甫,萧德铭,等.塔里木盆地西部地区主要石油地质特征及油气远景[J].地质科学,2008,43(3):473-487.]
[5]Zhou Xinyuan,Wang Qinghua,Yang Wenjing,et al.The re-source and exploration of natural gas in Tari mbasin[J].Nat-ural Gas Geoscience,2005,16(1):8-11.[周新源,王清华,杨文静,等.塔里木盆地天然气资源及勘探方向[J].天气地球科学,2005,16(1):8-11.]
[6]Xiao Zhongyao,Cui Huiying,Xie Zengye,et al.Gas geochemi-cal characteristics of platform-basin regionin Tari mbasin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2007,18(6):784-788.[肖中尧,崔会英,谢增业,等.塔里木盆地台盆区天然气地球化学特征[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(6):784-788.]
[7]Sun Xingli,Chen Jianfa,Liu Wenhui,et al.Geochemical char-acteristics of cherts of lower Cambrianin the Tari mbasin anditsi mplicationfor environment[J].PetroleumExploration andDevelopment,2004,31(3):45-48.[孙省利,陈践发,刘文汇,等.塔里木盆地下寒武统硅质岩地球化学特征及其形成环境[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):45-48.]
[8]Yu Bingsong,Chen Jianqiang,Li Xingwu,et al.Rare earth andtrace element patterns in bedded-cherts from the bottom ofthe lower Cambrian in the northern Tari m basin,northwestChina:I mplication for depositional environments[J].ActaSedi mentologica Sinica,2004,22(1):59-66.[于炳松,陈建强,李兴武,等.塔里木盆地肖尔布拉克剖面下寒武统底部硅质岩微量元素和稀土元素地球化学及其沉积背景[J].沉积学报,2004,22(1):59-66.]
[9]Liu Yongfu,Yin Jun,Sun Xiongwei,et al.Cambrian sedi men-tary characteristics and origin of high-quality dolomite reser-voirs in eastern Tari m basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(1):126-132.[刘永福,殷军,孙雄伟,等.塔里木盆地东部寒武系沉积特征及优质白云岩储层成因[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(1):126-132.]
[10]Liu Quanyou,Jin Zhijun,Zhang Dianwei,et al.Geochemicalcharacteristics and genesis of natural gas in Tari m basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(2):234-237.[刘全有,金之钧,张殿伟,等.塔里木盆地天然气地球化学特征与成因类型研究[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(2):234-237.]
[11]Jiao Zhifeng,Wu Hua,Li Yan,et al.Sedi mentaryfacies and depo-sitional systemof Cambrian-Ordovician Kongquehe region,Tari mbasin[J].Xinjiang Geology,2004,22(2):151-154.[焦志峰,吴华,李岩,等.塔里木盆地孔雀河地区寒武一奥陶系沉积相与沉积体系[J].新疆地质,2004,22(2):151-154.]
[12]Ma Mingxia,Chen Xinjun,Zhang Xueheng.The Cambrian-Or-dovician sedi mentary features and structural control in thecentral Tari m area[J].Experi mental Petroleum Geology,2006,28(6):549-553.[马明侠,陈新军,张学恒.塔里木盆地塔中地区寒武—奥陶系沉积特征及构造控制[J].石油实验地质,2006,28(6):549-553.]
[13]Gao Zhiqian,Fan Tailiang,Jiao Zhifeng,et al.The structuraltypes and depositional characteristics of carbonate platform in the Cambrian-Ordovician of Tari mbasin[J].Acta Sedi mento-logica Sinica,2006,24(1):19-27.[高志前,樊太亮,焦志峰,等.塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系碳酸盐岩台地样式及其沉积响应特征[J].沉积学报,2006,24(1):19-27.]
[14]Chen Xinjun,Cai Xiyuan,Xu Xuhui,et al.The research on sedi-mentationfeatruesin Cambrian-Ordovician sequence frame in thecenter of Tari m[J].Xinjiang Geology,2006,24(3):276-280.[陈新军,蔡希源,徐旭辉,等,塔中地区寒武—奥陶系层序地层格架与沉积演化特征[J].新疆地质,2006,24(3):276-280.]
[15]Zhu He,Liu Jiaduo,Meng Wanbin,et al.Sequence and litho-facies paleogeography of Cambrianin Bachu uplift,Tari m ba-sin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2010,34(4):344-348.[祝贺,刘家铎,孟万斌,等.塔里木盆地巴楚隆起寒武系层序及岩性古地理[J].新疆石油地质,2010,34(4):344-348.]
[16]Feng Zengzhao,Bao Zhidong,Wu Maobing,et al.Lithofaciespalaeogeography of the Cambrianin Tari marea[J].Journal ofPalaeogeography,2006,8(4):427-439.[冯增昭,鲍志东,吴茂炳,等.塔里木地区寒武纪岩相古地理[J].古地理学报,2006,8(4):427-439.]
[17]Cai Xiyao,Mao Shuhua,Qian Yixiong,et al.Stratigraphicclassification and correlation of Cambrianin Bachu uplift,Tar-i mbasin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(1):38-42.[蔡习尧,毛树华,钱一雄,等.塔里木盆地巴楚隆起寒武系划分与对比[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(1):38-42.]
[18]Chen Yongquan,Zhou Xinyuan,Yang Haijun,et al.Sequencestratigraphy andits control on burial karstification dolostonereservoir in the upper Cambrian Xiaqiulitage Formation at xi-ao′erbulake section,Tari mbasin[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2010,34(1):77-82.[陈永权,周新源,杨海军,等.塔里木盆地肖尔布拉克剖面下丘里塔格组层序地层及其油气勘探意义[J].地层学杂志,2010,34(1):77-82.]
[19]Yu Bingsong.Sequence stratigraphy framework of the Cambrian-Ordovicianin northern Tari m basin[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,1996,16(3):298-303.[于炳松.塔里木盆地北部寒武—奥陶纪层序地层格架[J].矿物学报,1996,16(3):298-303.]
[20]Yu Bingsong,Chen Jianqiang,Lin Changsong.The sequencestratigraphy of Cambrian-Ordovician in Tari m basin and itsrelationship with the Yangtze platformand north China plat-formcomparison[J].Science in China:Series D,2001,31(1):17-26.[于炳松,陈建强,林畅松.塔里木地台北部寒武纪—奥陶纪层序地层及其与扬子地台和华北地台的对比[J].中国科学:D辑,2001,31(1):17-26.]
[21]Liu Jiaduo,Tian Jingchun,Zhang Xiang,et al.Characteristicsand petroleumgeologic significances of the sequence boundarysurface of Cambrian stratain Tari mbasin[J].Journal of Min-eralogy and Petrology,2009,29(4):1-6.[刘家铎,田景春,张翔,等.塔里木盆地寒武系层序界面特征及其油气地质意义[J].矿物岩石,2009,29(4):1-6.]
[22]Jia Chengzao,Zhang Shiben,Wu Shaozu,et al.Stratigraphy ofthe Tari m Basin and Adjacent Areas[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2004:20-41.[贾承造,张师本,吴绍祖,等.塔里木盆地及周边地层[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:20-41.]
[23]Hou Zhongjian,Chen Hongde,Tian Jingchun,et al.The applica-tion of sequencelithofacies and paleogeography mappingtothe an-alyses of lithofacies-paleogeography[J].Journal of Chengdu Uni-versity of Technology,2001,28(4):376-382.[侯中健,陈洪德,田景春,等.层序岩相古地理编图在岩相古地理分析中的应用[J].成都理工学院学报,2001,28(4):376-382.]
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