塔河南部奥陶系海西早期岩溶的发现
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摘要
塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩主要经历了加里东中期及海西早期岩溶作用。前人认为,桑塔木组泥岩隔水层控制了海西早期岩溶的分布范围:北部的桑塔木组缺失区是海西早期岩溶的发育区,并对先期的加里东中期岩溶产物加以全面改造;而南部的桑塔木组覆盖区则仅保留了加里东中期岩溶。通过岩石学、沉积学、地球化学及地震学等研究表明,海西早期岩溶可以在一定范围内突破桑塔木组的限制。桑塔木组的覆盖仅仅改变了海西早期岩溶作用的形式,即由裸露风化壳型岩溶转变为覆盖承压型岩溶。指出了与主体区相连的断裂带才是岩溶—缝洞型储层的发育区带,而孤立的、不与主体区相连的断裂带,则岩溶作用不发育。该岩溶作用的发现,对于在塔河油田南部、西部桑塔木组覆盖区寻找岩溶缝洞型储层发育带具有重要的指导意义。
The Ordovician formations of Tahe Oilfield mainly undergo two karsts of mid-Caledonian and earlyHercynian.The predecessors considered that because of the thick aquifuge in Sangtamu Group(O3),the effectingrange of early-Hercynian karst was controlled by the edge line of the Sangtamu Group: The Northern part which lackNo.3 Abstract Vthe Sangtamu Group was the affecting area of early-Hercynian karst,while,the Southern part which was coveredby the Sangtamu Group was the the affecting area of only mid-Caledonian karst.Recent research shows that for thereason of its favourable factors,such as high-uplift amplitude of structure,long time exposure,highly developmentof fractures,fluent hydrodynamic etc,it is extremely beneficial to karst effections.On top of that,the early Hercyniankarstis able to break through the restriction of the Sangtamu aquifuge.The coverage of the Sangtamu group onlychanges the model of early-Hercynian karst:from crust karst to Covered-Pressurization karst.The discovery of thiskarst has a great guiding significance to the exploration for cavity-reservoirs in the southern and southwestern areas.It points out that,only the fault zones which are connected with the main region can be the favourable reservoirzones,otherwise,Reservoir would be less developed.
The Ordovician formations of Tahe Oilfield mainly undergo two karsts of mid-Caledonian and earlyHercynian.The predecessors considered that because of the thick aquifuge in Sangtamu Group(O3),the effectingrange of early-Hercynian karst was controlled by the edge line of the Sangtamu Group: The Northern part which lackNo.3 Abstract Vthe Sangtamu Group was the affecting area of early-Hercynian karst,while,the Southern part which was coveredby the Sangtamu Group was the the affecting area of only mid-Caledonian karst.Recent research shows that for thereason of its favourable factors,such as high-uplift amplitude of structure,long time exposure,highly developmentof fractures,fluent hydrodynamic etc,it is extremely beneficial to karst effections.On top of that,the early Hercyniankarstis able to break through the restriction of the Sangtamu aquifuge.The coverage of the Sangtamu group onlychanges the model of early-Hercynian karst:from crust karst to Covered-Pressurization karst.The discovery of thiskarst has a great guiding significance to the exploration for cavity-reservoirs in the southern and southwestern areas.It points out that,only the fault zones which are connected with the main region can be the favourable reservoirzones,otherwise,Reservoir would be less developed.
引文
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[19]Musgrove M L,Banner J L.Controls on the spatialand temporal variability of vadose dripwater geochem-istry:Edwards aquifer,central Texas[J].Geochimica etCosmochimica Acta,2004,68(5):1007–1020.
[20]史忠生,陈开运,何胡军,等.锶同位素在沉积环境分析方面的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(2):187–190.
[21]焦方正,翟晓先.海相碳酸盐岩非常规大油气田塔河油田勘探研究与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008.
[22]刘存革,李国蓉,朱传玲,等.塔河油田中下奥陶统岩溶缝洞方解石碳、氧、锶同位素地球化学特征[J].地球科学中国地质大学学报,2008,33(3):377–386.
[2]张涛,蔡希源.塔河地区加里东中期古岩溶作用及分布模式[J].地质学报,2007,81(8):1125–1134.
[3]杨宁,吕修祥,陈梅涛.塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩油气成藏特征[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,23(3):1–5.
[4]吴茂炳,王毅,张永贵,等.塔河油田奥陶系加里东期岩溶作用及储层分布预测[C]//第二届中国石油地质年会中国油气勘探潜力及可持续发展论文集,北京:2006.
[5]康志宏.塔河碳酸盐岩油藏岩溶古地貌研究[J].新疆石油地质,2006,27(5):522–525.
[6]祝贺,刘家铎,孟万斌,等.塔河油田托甫台地区中下奥陶统沉积相与储层特征分析[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2008,35(3):232–237.
[7]闫相宾,李铁军,张涛,等.塔中与塔河地区奥陶系岩溶储层形成条件的差异[J].石油与然气地质,2005,26(2):202–207.
[8]李晓燕,蒋有录,陈涛.古风化壳孔隙与裂缝发育特征及其油气地质意义[J].地球科学与环境学报,2010,32(1):60–64.
[9]王振宇,李凌,谭秀成,等.塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩古岩溶类型识别[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,30(5):11–16.
[10]刘存革,李涛,吕海涛,等.阿克库勒凸起中—上奥陶统地层划分及加里东中期第I幕古喀斯特特征[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2010,37(1):55–63.
[11]吕海涛,丁文龙,云露,等.塔河油田西南部地区中—下奥陶统碳酸盐岩储层缝洞发育特征与分布[J].现代地质,2009,23(4):699–708.
[12]吕海涛,张达景,杨迎春.塔河油田奥陶系油藏古岩溶表生作用期次划分[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(6):71–75,83.
[13]赵锡奎,何建军,张小兵,等.阿克库勒凸起构造演化与古构造研究[R].新疆乌鲁木齐:中国石化西北油田分公司,2009.
[14]Montnez I P.Late diagenetic dolomitization of Lower Or-dovician,upper Knox carbonates:a record of the hydro-dynamic evolution of the southern Appalachian Basin[J].AAPG Bulletin,1994,78(8):1210–1239.
[15]Harris N.Significance of weathering Himalayan metased-imentary rocks and leucogranites for the Sr isotope evo-lution of seawater during the early Miocene[J].Geology,1995,23(9):795–798.
[16]Banner J L.Radiogenic isotopics:systematics andapplications to earth surface processes and chemi-cal stratigraphy[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2004,65(3/4):141–194.
[17]Barnaby R J,Oetting G C,Gao Guoqiu.Strontium iso-topicsignaturesofoil-fieldwaters:Applicationsforreser-voir characterization[J].AAPG Bulletin,2004,88(12):1677–1704.
[18]Jacobson A D,Wasserburg G J.Anhydrite and the Sr iso-tope evolution of groundwater in a carbonate aquifer[J].Chemical Geology,2005,214(3/4):331–350.
[19]Musgrove M L,Banner J L.Controls on the spatialand temporal variability of vadose dripwater geochem-istry:Edwards aquifer,central Texas[J].Geochimica etCosmochimica Acta,2004,68(5):1007–1020.
[20]史忠生,陈开运,何胡军,等.锶同位素在沉积环境分析方面的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(2):187–190.
[21]焦方正,翟晓先.海相碳酸盐岩非常规大油气田塔河油田勘探研究与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008.
[22]刘存革,李国蓉,朱传玲,等.塔河油田中下奥陶统岩溶缝洞方解石碳、氧、锶同位素地球化学特征[J].地球科学中国地质大学学报,2008,33(3):377–386.
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