塔里木盆地塔中隆起盐相关断裂发育特征
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摘要
根据地震资料解释成果,结合中、下寒武统含盐层系展布特征,分析塔里木盆地塔中隆起主要断裂带变形特征及其形成机理。塔中隆起主要断裂带表现为上陡下缓,往深部在中、下寒武统含盐层系顶面或内部发生滑脱,滑脱距离在不同地区有所差异,具有典型的"盐相关断裂"特征。塔中地区断裂带的形成演化主要受区域构造应力场、基底先存断裂和中、下寒武统含盐层系联合控制,其中区域构造应力场为断裂形成提供了动力来源,中、下寒武统含盐层系的厚度影响了断裂带的发育方式,而基底先存断裂则决定了断裂带的发育位置。
On the basis of the seismic interpretation and the distribution of the Middle and Lower Cambrian halite layer,this paper mainly addresses the deformation features and mechanism of the faulting in the Tazhong uplift,central Tarim basin.Faulting zones in the Tazhong uplift are steep in the upper section and flat in the lower section,with detachment occurring on the top of or within the Middle and Lower Cambrian halite layer although detaching distances vary in different areas,and this is typical of salt-related faulting.In general,development of faulting zones in the Tazhong uplift were jointly influenced by regional tectonic stresses,pre-existing basement faults,and the halite layer of the Middle and Lower Cambrian.The regional stresses with varying orientations and sizes provided driving forces for the fault development;the thickness of the halite layer affected the break behaviors of the halite and suprasalt strata;and the pre-existing basement faulting decided the primary positions of the faulting.
On the basis of the seismic interpretation and the distribution of the Middle and Lower Cambrian halite layer,this paper mainly addresses the deformation features and mechanism of the faulting in the Tazhong uplift,central Tarim basin.Faulting zones in the Tazhong uplift are steep in the upper section and flat in the lower section,with detachment occurring on the top of or within the Middle and Lower Cambrian halite layer although detaching distances vary in different areas,and this is typical of salt-related faulting.In general,development of faulting zones in the Tazhong uplift were jointly influenced by regional tectonic stresses,pre-existing basement faults,and the halite layer of the Middle and Lower Cambrian.The regional stresses with varying orientations and sizes provided driving forces for the fault development;the thickness of the halite layer affected the break behaviors of the halite and suprasalt strata;and the pre-existing basement faulting decided the primary positions of the faulting.
引文
[1]李启明.2004.塔中低凸起构造演化与古构造恢复.内部资料.
[2]李曰俊.2005.塔中—巴楚地区断裂系统、火成岩及其对油气的控制作用.内部资料.
[3]邬光辉.2007.塔里木盆地塔中古隆起构造特征及其控油作用.内部资料.
[4]张洪安.2008.塔中奥陶系油气成藏主控因素与富集规律.内部资料.
姜耀辉,芮行健,贺菊瑞,郭坤一,杨万志.1999.西昆仑山加里东期花岗岩类构造的类型及其大地构造意义.岩石学报,15(1):105～115.
康南昌.2002.阿尔金断裂系与塔中构造带的形成与演化.石油地球物理勘探,37(1):48～52.
李本亮,管树巍,李传新,邬光辉,杨海军,韩剑发,罗春树,苗继军.2009.塔里木盆地塔中低凸起古构造演化与变形特征.地质论评,55(4):521～530.
李传新,贾承造,李本亮,杨庚,杨海军,罗春树,韩剑发,王晓峰.2009.塔里木盆地塔中低凸起北斜坡古生代断裂展布与构造演化.地质学报,83(8):1065～1073.
李明杰,胡少华,王庆果,李秀珍,陈冀.2006.塔中地区走滑断裂体系的发现及其地质意义.石油地球物理勘探,41(1):116～121.
李曰俊,吴根耀,孟庆龙,杨海军,韩剑发,李新生,董立胜.2008.塔里木盆地中央地区的断裂系统:几何学、运动学和动力学背景.地质科学,43(1):82～118.
孙龙德,李曰俊,江同文,杨海军.2007.塔里木盆地塔中低凸起:一个典型的复式油气聚集区.地质科学,42(3):602～620.
邬光辉,李启明,张宝收.2005.塔中Ⅰ号断裂坡折带构造特征及勘探领域.石油学报,26(1):27～30.
余一欣,汤良杰,李京昌,杨文静,金文正,彭更新,雷刚林,万桂梅.2006.库车前陆褶皱-冲断带基底断裂对盐构造形成的影响.地质学报,80(3):330～336.
余一欣,汤良杰,杨文静,彭更新,雷刚林,金文正,万桂梅,马玉杰.2007.库车前陆褶皱-冲断带前缘盐构造分段差异变形特征.地质学报,81(2):166～173.
张承泽,于红枫,张海祖,张艳秋,陈莉.2008.塔中地区走滑断裂特征、成因及地质意义.西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),30(5):22～26.
张振生,李明杰,刘社平.2002.塔中低凸起的形成和演化.石油勘探与开发,29(1):28～31.
周新源,杨海军,邬光辉,韩剑发.2009.塔中大油气田的勘探实践与勘探方向.新疆石油地质,30(2):149～152.
Erickson S G.1996.Influence of mechanical stratigraphy on foldingvs faulting.Journal of Structural Geology,18(4):443～450.
Harrison J C.1995.Tectonics and kinematics of a foreland foldedbelt influenced by salt,Arctic Canada.In:Jackson M P A,Roberts D G,Snelson S,eds.Salt Tectonics:A GlobalPerspective.AAPG Memoir65,379～412.
Koyi H,Petersen K.1993.Influence of basement faults on thedevelopment of salt structures in the Danish basin.Marine andPetroleum Geology,10(4):82～93.
Larsen B D,Avraham Z B,Shul man H.2002.Fault and salttectonics in the southern Dead Sea basin.Tectonophysics,346(1～2):71～90.
Stewart S A.1996.Influence of detachment layer thickness on styleof thin-skinned shortening.Journal of Structural Geology,18(10):1271～1274.
Stewart S A,Harvey MJ,Otto S C,Weston P J.1996.Influenceof salt on fault geometry:examples fromthe UK salt basins.In:Alsop GI,Blundell D G,Davison I,eds.Salt Tectonics.Geological Society Special Publication No.100,175～202.
[2]李曰俊.2005.塔中—巴楚地区断裂系统、火成岩及其对油气的控制作用.内部资料.
[3]邬光辉.2007.塔里木盆地塔中古隆起构造特征及其控油作用.内部资料.
[4]张洪安.2008.塔中奥陶系油气成藏主控因素与富集规律.内部资料.
姜耀辉,芮行健,贺菊瑞,郭坤一,杨万志.1999.西昆仑山加里东期花岗岩类构造的类型及其大地构造意义.岩石学报,15(1):105～115.
康南昌.2002.阿尔金断裂系与塔中构造带的形成与演化.石油地球物理勘探,37(1):48～52.
李本亮,管树巍,李传新,邬光辉,杨海军,韩剑发,罗春树,苗继军.2009.塔里木盆地塔中低凸起古构造演化与变形特征.地质论评,55(4):521～530.
李传新,贾承造,李本亮,杨庚,杨海军,罗春树,韩剑发,王晓峰.2009.塔里木盆地塔中低凸起北斜坡古生代断裂展布与构造演化.地质学报,83(8):1065～1073.
李明杰,胡少华,王庆果,李秀珍,陈冀.2006.塔中地区走滑断裂体系的发现及其地质意义.石油地球物理勘探,41(1):116～121.
李曰俊,吴根耀,孟庆龙,杨海军,韩剑发,李新生,董立胜.2008.塔里木盆地中央地区的断裂系统:几何学、运动学和动力学背景.地质科学,43(1):82～118.
孙龙德,李曰俊,江同文,杨海军.2007.塔里木盆地塔中低凸起:一个典型的复式油气聚集区.地质科学,42(3):602～620.
邬光辉,李启明,张宝收.2005.塔中Ⅰ号断裂坡折带构造特征及勘探领域.石油学报,26(1):27～30.
余一欣,汤良杰,李京昌,杨文静,金文正,彭更新,雷刚林,万桂梅.2006.库车前陆褶皱-冲断带基底断裂对盐构造形成的影响.地质学报,80(3):330～336.
余一欣,汤良杰,杨文静,彭更新,雷刚林,金文正,万桂梅,马玉杰.2007.库车前陆褶皱-冲断带前缘盐构造分段差异变形特征.地质学报,81(2):166～173.
张承泽,于红枫,张海祖,张艳秋,陈莉.2008.塔中地区走滑断裂特征、成因及地质意义.西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),30(5):22～26.
张振生,李明杰,刘社平.2002.塔中低凸起的形成和演化.石油勘探与开发,29(1):28～31.
周新源,杨海军,邬光辉,韩剑发.2009.塔中大油气田的勘探实践与勘探方向.新疆石油地质,30(2):149～152.
Erickson S G.1996.Influence of mechanical stratigraphy on foldingvs faulting.Journal of Structural Geology,18(4):443～450.
Harrison J C.1995.Tectonics and kinematics of a foreland foldedbelt influenced by salt,Arctic Canada.In:Jackson M P A,Roberts D G,Snelson S,eds.Salt Tectonics:A GlobalPerspective.AAPG Memoir65,379～412.
Koyi H,Petersen K.1993.Influence of basement faults on thedevelopment of salt structures in the Danish basin.Marine andPetroleum Geology,10(4):82～93.
Larsen B D,Avraham Z B,Shul man H.2002.Fault and salttectonics in the southern Dead Sea basin.Tectonophysics,346(1～2):71～90.
Stewart S A.1996.Influence of detachment layer thickness on styleof thin-skinned shortening.Journal of Structural Geology,18(10):1271～1274.
Stewart S A,Harvey MJ,Otto S C,Weston P J.1996.Influenceof salt on fault geometry:examples fromthe UK salt basins.In:Alsop GI,Blundell D G,Davison I,eds.Salt Tectonics.Geological Society Special Publication No.100,175～202.
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