火成岩发育区的地震处理技术及需求分析——以胜利油田济阳拗陷探区为例
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摘要
许多火成岩发育区孕育着丰富的油气资源。由于火成岩发育区具有独特的地质特征,地震波场复杂,制约了油气勘探的进程。本文针对胜利油田火成岩区地震资料的能量、频率及速度等特征,通过正演模型模拟了火成岩发育区地震波场的频散以及低通滤波效应等特性,阐述了针对火成岩发育区地震资料的面波处理、能量补偿、优势频带加权、速度分析及叠前时间与深度偏移联合成像等技术,并展示了这些技术在胜利油田三个火成岩区应用效果。最后根据胜利油田火成岩区不断深化勘探开发的需求,提出了今后一段时期内需要深入研究的方法与技术。
Many igneous rock areas are rich in oil & gas resources.The special geological features and complex seismic wave field restrict the proceeding of exploration.This paper proposes a few processing approaches for this kind of data.By analyzing the igneous data characteristics in energy,frequency and velocity of Jiyang Depression in Shengli Oilfield,we simulate wave field frequency dispersion and low-pass filtering and other features,and illustrate igneous area-oriented seismic data surface wave processing,energy compensation,dominant frequency band weighting,velocity analysis and prestack time & depth migration joint imaging technology.We demonstrate also our approach application results in Shengli Oilfield.We recognize that some processing methods for this kind of data merit further development in the subsequent exploration.
Many igneous rock areas are rich in oil & gas resources.The special geological features and complex seismic wave field restrict the proceeding of exploration.This paper proposes a few processing approaches for this kind of data.By analyzing the igneous data characteristics in energy,frequency and velocity of Jiyang Depression in Shengli Oilfield,we simulate wave field frequency dispersion and low-pass filtering and other features,and illustrate igneous area-oriented seismic data surface wave processing,energy compensation,dominant frequency band weighting,velocity analysis and prestack time & depth migration joint imaging technology.We demonstrate also our approach application results in Shengli Oilfield.We recognize that some processing methods for this kind of data merit further development in the subsequent exploration.
引文
[1]邱燕,赵国勇等.尚店北地区火成岩地震勘探方法.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(增刊2):59～62Qiu Yan,Zhao Guoyong et al.Igneous rock seismicexploration method in Shangdianbei area.OGP,2008,43(Sup 2):59～62
[2]中国石油大学2011年火成岩油气勘探技术学术研讨会论文集.山东青岛,2011
[3]韩站一.火成岩下伏地层地震反射波场特征研究.石油物探,2009,48(3):226～231Han Zhanyi.Study on characteristics of seismic re-flection field underlying igneous rock.GPP,2009,48(3):226～231
[4]陈海云,林春明等.济阳拗陷新生代火成岩的识别.石油地球物理物探,2005,40(6):663～669Chen Haiyun,Lin Chunming et al.Identification ofCenozoic igneous rocks in the Jiyang depression.OGP,2005,40(6):663～669
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[8]张军华.关于几种速度分析方法的讨论及效果分析.石油物探,2009,48(4):347～353Zhang Junhua.Discussion on velocity analysis meth-od and effect analysis.GPP,2009,48(4):347～353
[9]郭树祥.高分辨率地震资料处理中的优化速度分析方法.石油物探,2004,43(1):80～82Guo Shuxiang.Optimum velocity analysis method inhigh resolution seismic data processing.GPP,2004,43(1):80～82
[10]王西文等.相对保幅的地震资料连片处理方法研究.石油物探,2006,45(2):105～120Wang Xiwen et al.Seismic data relative preserved-amplitude continuous coverage processing method.GPP,2006,45(2):105～120
[11]郭树祥.地震资料保幅处理的探讨.油气地球物理,2009,7(1):1～3Guo Shuxiang.Study on preserved-amplitude of seis-mic data processing.Oil and Gas Geophysics,2009,7(1):1～3
[12]王小卫等.偏移速度建模与成像技术.天然气工业,2010,30(2):52～55Wang Xiaowei et al.Migration velocity modeling andimaging technology.Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(2):52～55
[13]单联瑜,刘洪,匡斌等.基于胜利典型地质模型的波动方程地震波照明分析研究.石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(1):1～6Shan Lianyu,Liu Hong,Kuang Bin et al.Analysison seismic wave illumination of wave equation basedon Shengli typical geologic model.OGP,2009,44(1):1～6
[14]韩文功,沈财余.陆相断陷盆地复杂地质模型建立与正演模拟.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):396～404Han Wengong,Shen Caiyu.Buildup of complex geo-logic models in continental fault depression basin andtheir forward simulation.OGP,2006,41(4):396～404
[2]中国石油大学2011年火成岩油气勘探技术学术研讨会论文集.山东青岛,2011
[3]韩站一.火成岩下伏地层地震反射波场特征研究.石油物探,2009,48(3):226～231Han Zhanyi.Study on characteristics of seismic re-flection field underlying igneous rock.GPP,2009,48(3):226～231
[4]陈海云,林春明等.济阳拗陷新生代火成岩的识别.石油地球物理物探,2005,40(6):663～669Chen Haiyun,Lin Chunming et al.Identification ofCenozoic igneous rocks in the Jiyang depression.OGP,2005,40(6):663～669
[5]李振春.地震成像理论与方法.山东东营:石油大学出版社,2004
[6]管振清,郭树祥.利用低频信息改善地震成像质量.断块油气田,2009,16(1):39～41Guan Zhenqing,Guo Shuxiang.Using low-frequencyinformation to improve seismic imaging quality.Fault-block Oil and Gas Field,2009,16(1):39～41
[7]宋常洲,张旭明.地震资料高分辨率处理技术应用.石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(增刊1):44～48Song Changzhou,Zhang Xuming.Applications ofhigh resolution seismic data processing techniques.OGP,2009,44(Sup 1):44～48
[8]张军华.关于几种速度分析方法的讨论及效果分析.石油物探,2009,48(4):347～353Zhang Junhua.Discussion on velocity analysis meth-od and effect analysis.GPP,2009,48(4):347～353
[9]郭树祥.高分辨率地震资料处理中的优化速度分析方法.石油物探,2004,43(1):80～82Guo Shuxiang.Optimum velocity analysis method inhigh resolution seismic data processing.GPP,2004,43(1):80～82
[10]王西文等.相对保幅的地震资料连片处理方法研究.石油物探,2006,45(2):105～120Wang Xiwen et al.Seismic data relative preserved-amplitude continuous coverage processing method.GPP,2006,45(2):105～120
[11]郭树祥.地震资料保幅处理的探讨.油气地球物理,2009,7(1):1～3Guo Shuxiang.Study on preserved-amplitude of seis-mic data processing.Oil and Gas Geophysics,2009,7(1):1～3
[12]王小卫等.偏移速度建模与成像技术.天然气工业,2010,30(2):52～55Wang Xiaowei et al.Migration velocity modeling andimaging technology.Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(2):52～55
[13]单联瑜,刘洪,匡斌等.基于胜利典型地质模型的波动方程地震波照明分析研究.石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(1):1～6Shan Lianyu,Liu Hong,Kuang Bin et al.Analysison seismic wave illumination of wave equation basedon Shengli typical geologic model.OGP,2009,44(1):1～6
[14]韩文功,沈财余.陆相断陷盆地复杂地质模型建立与正演模拟.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):396～404Han Wengong,Shen Caiyu.Buildup of complex geo-logic models in continental fault depression basin andtheir forward simulation.OGP,2006,41(4):396～404
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