琼东南盆地中央峡谷深水天然堤—溢岸沉积
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摘要
中央峡谷位于琼东南盆地深水区,发育面积较广,内部天然堤—溢岸沉积发育。深水天然堤—溢岸可作为良好的油气储集体,深受油气工业界的关注。为了指导中央峡谷的油气勘探,利用三维地震资料,结合地震剖面以及均方根振幅属性对中央峡谷内部天然堤—溢岸沉积的形态和控制因素进行了分析,总结了天然堤—溢岸的沉积模式,并对其油气勘探前景进行了分析。研究表明:天然堤—溢岸沉积在剖面上呈"海鸥翼"状,平面上位于水道充填的两侧并平行于水道的延伸方向;古地貌低位置控制了天然堤—溢岸沉积在峡谷中的位置,并在古地貌起伏变化区提供了池状可容纳空间,为天然堤—溢岸沉积提供了沉积场所,而在以倾斜为主的地区没有可容纳空间,天然堤—溢岸沉积不发育;天然堤—溢岸沉积可形成岩性圈,如闭配合断层、"气烟囱"等可形成油气聚集,具有良好的勘探前景。
In our country as the lower frequency of land and shallow water exploration for oil and gas,deep water oil and gas exploration is playing more important role.Big reservoir body becomes the target of deepwater oil and gas exploration,because the deepwater oil and gas exploration has some characteristics,such as greater risks and higher investment.Central canyon,which comes from Yinggehai basin and pass through Qiongdongnan basin and enter into the xisha trough,lies in the deepwater area of Qiongdongnan basin and is mainly formed at 10.5 Ma,5.5 Ma and 4.2 Ma.With an area of more than 50 000 km2,central canyon can be a target of deepwater oil and gas exploration. In the central canyon,levee-overbank sediments are abundant.Deepwater levee-overbank has received considerable attention in the petroleum industry because of having good reservoirs.In order to conduct the prospect for central canyon,this article has analyzed the shape and control factors of levee-overbank deposited in the central canyon by using 3D seismic profile and RMS attribute.After that,the sediment model is summed up and the foreground of prospect is analyzed.The result has shown below:1.levee-overbank sediments in the central canyon developed at least eight times,and have many micro facies such as crevasse splay,overflow splay and levee.In the cross seismic profiles,levee-overbank sediments represent wedge shape with strong amplitude,intermediate frequency and mid-good continuity,and combining with channel has shown "gull-wing" shape.In the plane,the overall shape of levee-overbank sediments is elongate and trends roughly parallel to the channel.Its area of single sand body could reach 17 km2. 2.In the central canyon,levee-overbank sediments is mainly controlled by province and ancient physiognomy.The grain size whether sand-rich or mud-rich is mainly decided by province.The position is mainly decided by ancient physiognomy.The pond accommodate space is afforded for levee-overbank to be deposited in the area where has fluctuation variation.On the opposite,in the incline area,there is no accommodation and levee-overbank cannot deposit. 3.Levee-overbank sediments which has many deposition time and large single sand body can be ideal stratigraphic traps and it could accumulate oil and gas if it cooperate with fault or "gas chimney".Levee-overbank sediments have well foreground for prospect.
In our country as the lower frequency of land and shallow water exploration for oil and gas,deep water oil and gas exploration is playing more important role.Big reservoir body becomes the target of deepwater oil and gas exploration,because the deepwater oil and gas exploration has some characteristics,such as greater risks and higher investment.Central canyon,which comes from Yinggehai basin and pass through Qiongdongnan basin and enter into the xisha trough,lies in the deepwater area of Qiongdongnan basin and is mainly formed at 10.5 Ma,5.5 Ma and 4.2 Ma.With an area of more than 50 000 km2,central canyon can be a target of deepwater oil and gas exploration. In the central canyon,levee-overbank sediments are abundant.Deepwater levee-overbank has received considerable attention in the petroleum industry because of having good reservoirs.In order to conduct the prospect for central canyon,this article has analyzed the shape and control factors of levee-overbank deposited in the central canyon by using 3D seismic profile and RMS attribute.After that,the sediment model is summed up and the foreground of prospect is analyzed.The result has shown below:1.levee-overbank sediments in the central canyon developed at least eight times,and have many micro facies such as crevasse splay,overflow splay and levee.In the cross seismic profiles,levee-overbank sediments represent wedge shape with strong amplitude,intermediate frequency and mid-good continuity,and combining with channel has shown "gull-wing" shape.In the plane,the overall shape of levee-overbank sediments is elongate and trends roughly parallel to the channel.Its area of single sand body could reach 17 km2. 2.In the central canyon,levee-overbank sediments is mainly controlled by province and ancient physiognomy.The grain size whether sand-rich or mud-rich is mainly decided by province.The position is mainly decided by ancient physiognomy.The pond accommodate space is afforded for levee-overbank to be deposited in the area where has fluctuation variation.On the opposite,in the incline area,there is no accommodation and levee-overbank cannot deposit. 3.Levee-overbank sediments which has many deposition time and large single sand body can be ideal stratigraphic traps and it could accumulate oil and gas if it cooperate with fault or "gas chimney".Levee-overbank sediments have well foreground for prospect.
引文
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5苏明,李俊良,姜涛,等.琼东南盆地中央峡谷的形态及成因[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(4):85-93[Su Ming;LiJunliang;Jiang Tao,et al.Morphological features and formation mech-anism of central canyon in the Qiongdongnan Basin,northern southChina Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2009,29(4):85-93]
6林畅松,刘景彦,蔡世祥,等.莺—琼盆地大型下切谷和海底重力流体系的沉积构成和发育背景[J].科学通报,2001,46(1):69-72[Lin Chansong,Liu Jingyan,Cai Shixiang,et al.Sedimentationand evolution background old large incised channel and submarine grav-ity flow system in Ying-Qiong basin[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2001,46(1):69-72]
7 DeVries M B,Lindholm R M.Internal architecture of a channel-leveecomplex,Cerro Toro Formation,southern Chile[C]∥Weimer A HBouma,Perkins B F,eds.Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems.Gulf Coast Section SEPM Foundation 15th Annual Research Confer-ence,1994:105-114
8 Beaubouef R T.Deep-water leveed-channel complexes of the Cerro To-ro formation,Upper Cretaceous,southern Chile[J].AAPG Bulletin,2004,88:1471-1500
9 Arnott R W C.Stratigraphic architecture and depositional evolution of alevee to proximal crevasse splay(HARP)to channel-fill succession,Neoproterozoic Windemere Supergroup,British Columbia,Canada[C]∥Nilsen T,Shew R D,Steffens G S,et al.,eds.Atlas of DeepwaterOutcrops.AAPG Studies in Geology,2006
10 Abdulah K,Doud K,Cook M,et al.Reservoir facies within thedeepwater sandstones of the Falcon field-western Gulf of Mexico[C].AAPG Annual Convention with abstracts,2004:4
11 Normark W R,Damuth J E.Sedimentary facies and associated ele-ments of the Amazon Fan[C]∥Flood R D,Piper D J W,Klaus A,et al.,eds.Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program.ScientificResults,1997,155:611-651
12 Weimer P,Slatt R M.Petroleum Geology of Deepwater Settings[M].AAPG Memoir,2006
13 Kolla V,Posamentier H W,Wood L J.Deep-water and fluvial sinu-ous channels-characteristics,similarities and dissimilarities,andmodes of formation[J].Petroleum Geology,2007,24(6-9):388-405
14 Kendrick J.Turbidite reservoir architecture in the Gulf of Mexico-in-sights from field development[C]∥Weimer P,Slatt R M,Coleman JL,et al.,eds.Global deep-water reservoirs:Gulf Coast Section–SEPM Foundation 20th Annual Bob F.Perkins Research Conference,2000:450-468
15 Craig P A,Bourgeois T J,Malik Z A,et al.Planning,evaluation,and performance of horizontal wells at Ram Powell field,deep-waterGulf of Mexico[C]∥Carr T R,Mason E P,Feazel C T.,eds.Hori-zontal wells:Focus on the Eeservoir.AAPG Methods in ExplorationSeries,2003,14:95-112
16 Clemenceau G R,Colbert J,Edens D.Production results from levee-overbank turbidite sands at Ram/Powell Field,deepwater Gulf ofMexico[C]∥Weimer P,Slatt R M,Coleman J L,et al.,eds.Glob-al Deep-Water Reservoirs.Gulf Coast Section-SEPM Foundation 20thAnnual Bob F.Perkins Research Conference,2000:241-251
2 Kolla V,Bourges P,Urrity J M,et al.Evolution of deepwater Tertiarysinuous channels offshore,Angola(West Africa)and implications toreservoir architecture[J].AAPG Bulletin,2001,85:1373-1405
3 Chapin M A,Davies P,Gibson J L,et al.Reservoir architecture ofturbidite sheet sandstones in laterally extensive outcrops,Ross Forma-tion,western Ireland[C]∥Weimer P,Bouma A H,Perkins B F,eds.Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems.Gulf Coast Section SEPMFoundation 15th.Annual Research Conference,1994:53-68
4袁圣强.南海北部陆坡区深水水道沉积体系研究[D].博士学位论文.中国科学院海洋研究所,2009:46-65[Yuan Shengqiang.Sed-imentry system of deepwater channel,the slope area of Northern SouthChina Sea[D].Doctoral dissertation.Institute of Oceanology,ChineseAcademy of Sciences,2009:46-65]
5苏明,李俊良,姜涛,等.琼东南盆地中央峡谷的形态及成因[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(4):85-93[Su Ming;LiJunliang;Jiang Tao,et al.Morphological features and formation mech-anism of central canyon in the Qiongdongnan Basin,northern southChina Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2009,29(4):85-93]
6林畅松,刘景彦,蔡世祥,等.莺—琼盆地大型下切谷和海底重力流体系的沉积构成和发育背景[J].科学通报,2001,46(1):69-72[Lin Chansong,Liu Jingyan,Cai Shixiang,et al.Sedimentationand evolution background old large incised channel and submarine grav-ity flow system in Ying-Qiong basin[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2001,46(1):69-72]
7 DeVries M B,Lindholm R M.Internal architecture of a channel-leveecomplex,Cerro Toro Formation,southern Chile[C]∥Weimer A HBouma,Perkins B F,eds.Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems.Gulf Coast Section SEPM Foundation 15th Annual Research Confer-ence,1994:105-114
8 Beaubouef R T.Deep-water leveed-channel complexes of the Cerro To-ro formation,Upper Cretaceous,southern Chile[J].AAPG Bulletin,2004,88:1471-1500
9 Arnott R W C.Stratigraphic architecture and depositional evolution of alevee to proximal crevasse splay(HARP)to channel-fill succession,Neoproterozoic Windemere Supergroup,British Columbia,Canada[C]∥Nilsen T,Shew R D,Steffens G S,et al.,eds.Atlas of DeepwaterOutcrops.AAPG Studies in Geology,2006
10 Abdulah K,Doud K,Cook M,et al.Reservoir facies within thedeepwater sandstones of the Falcon field-western Gulf of Mexico[C].AAPG Annual Convention with abstracts,2004:4
11 Normark W R,Damuth J E.Sedimentary facies and associated ele-ments of the Amazon Fan[C]∥Flood R D,Piper D J W,Klaus A,et al.,eds.Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program.ScientificResults,1997,155:611-651
12 Weimer P,Slatt R M.Petroleum Geology of Deepwater Settings[M].AAPG Memoir,2006
13 Kolla V,Posamentier H W,Wood L J.Deep-water and fluvial sinu-ous channels-characteristics,similarities and dissimilarities,andmodes of formation[J].Petroleum Geology,2007,24(6-9):388-405
14 Kendrick J.Turbidite reservoir architecture in the Gulf of Mexico-in-sights from field development[C]∥Weimer P,Slatt R M,Coleman JL,et al.,eds.Global deep-water reservoirs:Gulf Coast Section–SEPM Foundation 20th Annual Bob F.Perkins Research Conference,2000:450-468
15 Craig P A,Bourgeois T J,Malik Z A,et al.Planning,evaluation,and performance of horizontal wells at Ram Powell field,deep-waterGulf of Mexico[C]∥Carr T R,Mason E P,Feazel C T.,eds.Hori-zontal wells:Focus on the Eeservoir.AAPG Methods in ExplorationSeries,2003,14:95-112
16 Clemenceau G R,Colbert J,Edens D.Production results from levee-overbank turbidite sands at Ram/Powell Field,deepwater Gulf ofMexico[C]∥Weimer P,Slatt R M,Coleman J L,et al.,eds.Glob-al Deep-Water Reservoirs.Gulf Coast Section-SEPM Foundation 20thAnnual Bob F.Perkins Research Conference,2000:241-251
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