湖相碳酸盐岩有利储集层分布——以渤海湾盆地沾化凹陷沙四上亚段为例
|
摘要
运用岩心薄片、测井、地震等资料和技术手段,预测渤海湾盆地沾化凹陷沙四上亚段湖相碳酸盐岩有利储集层分布。研究表明,沾化凹陷沙四上亚段发育生物碎屑灰/云岩类、内碎屑灰/云岩类、砂质灰/云岩类、泥灰/云岩类等4大类碳酸盐岩。用岩心刻度测井,分区建立了不同碳酸盐岩类的电性解释标准,重构探井岩相序列,并依据高频旋回的叠置样式,划分了生物礁、碳酸盐岩滩和半深湖等短期旋回类型,据此建立了高分辨率等时地层格架。综合分析多条连井剖面相特征及古地貌背景建立了碳酸盐岩沉积模式,即礁、滩类碳酸盐岩主要发育于湖盆扩张的鼎盛期至稳定期,缓坡带同沉积断层上盘以滩类为主,陡坡带断阶高地为礁相、断阶低地为滩相。有利的储集层类型有礁相生物碎屑灰/云岩及滩相生物碎屑灰/云岩、内碎屑灰/云岩、砂质灰岩等,依据沉积模式、古地貌分析与地震振幅属性可预测有利储集层分布。图9表3参21
Based on core thin sections,logging and seismic data,the distribution of favorable lacustrine carbonate reservoirs is predicted in the upper Es4 of the Zhanhua Sag,Bohai Bay Basin.In the upper Es4 of the Zhanhua Sag,four categories of carbonates are developed,i.e.bioclastic limestones(dolomites),intraclastic limestones(dolomites),arenaceous limestones(dolomites) and argillaceous limestones(dolomites).With core calibrated logs,the electrical characteristics interpretation criteria for various carbonates are established,and the lithofacies sequences of the exploratory well are reconstructed.According to overlying pattern of high-frequency cycles,the short-term cycles of bioherm,carbonate bank and semi-deep lake are divided,and high resolution isochronous formation framework is built.On the basis of the facies characteristics of well tie sections and palaeo-landform background,the carbonate depositional model is established,namely,the reef and bank carbonates are deposited from the largest expansion period to the stable period of lake basin,bank carbonates are mainly distributed on the upper side of synsedimentary faults on the gentle slope or deposited in fault-step lowland on the steep slope while the reef carbonates mainly on fault-step highland on the steep slope.Favorable reservoir types include reef bioclastic limestone(dolomite),bank bioclastic limestone(dolomite),intraclastic limestone(dolomite) and arenaceous limestone.It is possible to predict the distribution of favorable reservoirs according to the depositional model,palaeo-landform analysis and seismic amplitude attributes.
Based on core thin sections,logging and seismic data,the distribution of favorable lacustrine carbonate reservoirs is predicted in the upper Es4 of the Zhanhua Sag,Bohai Bay Basin.In the upper Es4 of the Zhanhua Sag,four categories of carbonates are developed,i.e.bioclastic limestones(dolomites),intraclastic limestones(dolomites),arenaceous limestones(dolomites) and argillaceous limestones(dolomites).With core calibrated logs,the electrical characteristics interpretation criteria for various carbonates are established,and the lithofacies sequences of the exploratory well are reconstructed.According to overlying pattern of high-frequency cycles,the short-term cycles of bioherm,carbonate bank and semi-deep lake are divided,and high resolution isochronous formation framework is built.On the basis of the facies characteristics of well tie sections and palaeo-landform background,the carbonate depositional model is established,namely,the reef and bank carbonates are deposited from the largest expansion period to the stable period of lake basin,bank carbonates are mainly distributed on the upper side of synsedimentary faults on the gentle slope or deposited in fault-step lowland on the steep slope while the reef carbonates mainly on fault-step highland on the steep slope.Favorable reservoir types include reef bioclastic limestone(dolomite),bank bioclastic limestone(dolomite),intraclastic limestone(dolomite) and arenaceous limestone.It is possible to predict the distribution of favorable reservoirs according to the depositional model,palaeo-landform analysis and seismic amplitude attributes.
引文
[1]周书欣,赖特V P,普拉特N H,等.湖泊沉积体系与油气[M].北京:科学出版社,1991:81-113.Zhou Shuxin,Jester V P,Pulater N H,et al.The lake sedimentary system and oil and gas[M].Beijing:Science Press,1991:81-113.
[2]妥进才,邵宏舜,黄杏珍.湖相碳酸盐岩生油岩及其有机地球化学特征:以柴达木盆地第三系为例[J].石油实验地质,1995,17(3):272-276.Tuo Jincai,Shao Hongshun,Huang Xingzhen.Lacustrine carbonate source rocks and their organic geochemical characteristics:Taking the Tertiary system of Qaidam Basin as an example[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,1995,17(3):272-276.
[4]Cohen A S,Thouin C.Near-shore carbonate deposits in lake[J].Tanganyika Geology,1987,15:414-418.
[5]Benson L.Factors affecting 14C ages of lacustrine carbonates:Timing and duration of the last highstand lake in the Labontan Basin[J].Quaternary Research,1993,39(2):163-174.
[6]Bustillo M A,Arribas M E,Bustillo M.Dolomitization and silicification in low-energy lacustrine carbonates(Paleogene,Madrid Basin,Spin)[J].Sedimentary Geology,2002,151(1/2):107-126.
[7]Tueher M E,Wright V P.Carbonate sedimentology[M].Oxford:Blackwell Scientific Publications,1990.
[8]王英华,周书欣,张秀莲.中国湖相碳酸盐岩[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,1991:9-123.Wang Yinghua,Zhou Shuxin,Zhang Xiulian.The lacustrine carbonate in China[M].Beijing:China Mining University Press,1991:9-123.
[9]杜韫华.渤海湾地区下第三系湖相碳酸盐岩及沉积模式[J].石油与天然气地质,1990,11(4):34-41.Du Yunhua.The lacustrine rocks and sedimentary model in the Lower Tertiary,Bohaiwan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1990,11(4):34-41.
[10]邓运华.试论辽东湾坳陷沙河街组碳酸盐岩形成环境及其特征[J].石油勘探与开发,1991,18(6):32-39.Deng Yunhua.A discussion on the environment of formation and the characteristics of the carbonate rocks in the Shahejie Formation in the Liaodong Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1991,18(6):32-39.
[11]马永生,梅冥相,陈小兵,等.碳酸盐岩储层沉积学[M].北京:地质出版社,1999:104-116.Ma Yongsheng,Mei Mingxiang,Chen Xiaobing,et al.The reservoir sedimentology of carbonate rocks[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1999:104-116.
[12]张关龙,陈世悦,王海方.济阳坳陷二叠系储集层特征及其控制因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(5):575-582.Zhang Guanlong,Chen Shiyue,Wang Haifang.Characteristics and controlling factors of Permian reservoirs in Jiyang Depression[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(5):575-582.
[13]王广利,王铁冠,张林晔.济阳坳陷渤南洼陷湖相碳酸盐岩成烃特征[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):62-68.Wang Guangli,Wang Tieguan,Zhang Linye.Hydrocarbon-generation characteristics for lacustrine carbonate source rocks in Bonan Sag of Jiyang Depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):62-68.
[14]赵俊青,夏斌,纪友亮,等.湖相碳酸盐岩高精度层序地层学探析[J].沉积学报,2005,23(4):646-656.Zhao Junqing,Xia Bin,Ji Youliang,et al.Analysis of the high resolution sequence of lacustrine carbonate[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005,23(4):646-656.
[15]梅冥相.碳酸盐岩旋回与层序[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,1993:25-30.Mei Mingxiang.The cycle and sequence of carbonate rocks[M].Guiyang:The Technological Publishing House of Guizhou,1993:25-30.
[16]梅冥相,罗光文,苏德辰.碳酸盐异成因复合海平面变化旋回层序[J].桂林冶金地质学院学报,1994,14(2):145-153.Mei Mingxiang,Luo Guangwen,Su Dechen.Carbonate allogenic cyclic sequence of composite sea-level change[J].Journal of Guilin College of Geology,1994,14(2):145-153.
[17]Goodwin P W,Anderson E J.Punctuated aggradational cycles:A general hypothesis of episodic stratigraphic accumulation[J].The Journal of Geology,1985,93(5):515-533.
[18]邓运华.歧口凹陷沙一段下碳酸盐岩形成环境[J].石油勘探与开发,1990,17(1):8-13.Deng Yunhua.An analysis of depositional environment of carbonate rocks in the first subgroup of Shahejie Formation,Qikou depression[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1990,17(1):8-13.
[19]刘传联.东营凹陷沙河街组湖相碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素组分及其古湖泊学意义[J].沉积学报,1998,16(3):109-114.Liu Chuanlian.Carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of lacustrine carbonates of the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying depression and their paleolimnological significance[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1998,16(3):109-114.
[20]闫存凤,黄杏珍,王随继.泌阳凹陷核桃园组湖相碳酸盐岩系藻类组合及古环境[J].沉积学报,1996,14(增刊):57-62.Yan Cunfeng,Huang Xingzhen,Wang Suiji.The algae combination and paleoenvironment of lacustrine carbonate of Tertiary Hetaoyuan Formation in the Biyang depression[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1996,14(Supp.):57-62.
[21]Longman M W.Carbonate diagenetic textures from nearsurface diagenetic environment[J].AAPG Bulletin,1980,64(4):461-487.
[2]妥进才,邵宏舜,黄杏珍.湖相碳酸盐岩生油岩及其有机地球化学特征:以柴达木盆地第三系为例[J].石油实验地质,1995,17(3):272-276.Tuo Jincai,Shao Hongshun,Huang Xingzhen.Lacustrine carbonate source rocks and their organic geochemical characteristics:Taking the Tertiary system of Qaidam Basin as an example[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,1995,17(3):272-276.
[4]Cohen A S,Thouin C.Near-shore carbonate deposits in lake[J].Tanganyika Geology,1987,15:414-418.
[5]Benson L.Factors affecting 14C ages of lacustrine carbonates:Timing and duration of the last highstand lake in the Labontan Basin[J].Quaternary Research,1993,39(2):163-174.
[6]Bustillo M A,Arribas M E,Bustillo M.Dolomitization and silicification in low-energy lacustrine carbonates(Paleogene,Madrid Basin,Spin)[J].Sedimentary Geology,2002,151(1/2):107-126.
[7]Tueher M E,Wright V P.Carbonate sedimentology[M].Oxford:Blackwell Scientific Publications,1990.
[8]王英华,周书欣,张秀莲.中国湖相碳酸盐岩[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,1991:9-123.Wang Yinghua,Zhou Shuxin,Zhang Xiulian.The lacustrine carbonate in China[M].Beijing:China Mining University Press,1991:9-123.
[9]杜韫华.渤海湾地区下第三系湖相碳酸盐岩及沉积模式[J].石油与天然气地质,1990,11(4):34-41.Du Yunhua.The lacustrine rocks and sedimentary model in the Lower Tertiary,Bohaiwan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1990,11(4):34-41.
[10]邓运华.试论辽东湾坳陷沙河街组碳酸盐岩形成环境及其特征[J].石油勘探与开发,1991,18(6):32-39.Deng Yunhua.A discussion on the environment of formation and the characteristics of the carbonate rocks in the Shahejie Formation in the Liaodong Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1991,18(6):32-39.
[11]马永生,梅冥相,陈小兵,等.碳酸盐岩储层沉积学[M].北京:地质出版社,1999:104-116.Ma Yongsheng,Mei Mingxiang,Chen Xiaobing,et al.The reservoir sedimentology of carbonate rocks[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1999:104-116.
[12]张关龙,陈世悦,王海方.济阳坳陷二叠系储集层特征及其控制因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(5):575-582.Zhang Guanlong,Chen Shiyue,Wang Haifang.Characteristics and controlling factors of Permian reservoirs in Jiyang Depression[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(5):575-582.
[13]王广利,王铁冠,张林晔.济阳坳陷渤南洼陷湖相碳酸盐岩成烃特征[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):62-68.Wang Guangli,Wang Tieguan,Zhang Linye.Hydrocarbon-generation characteristics for lacustrine carbonate source rocks in Bonan Sag of Jiyang Depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):62-68.
[14]赵俊青,夏斌,纪友亮,等.湖相碳酸盐岩高精度层序地层学探析[J].沉积学报,2005,23(4):646-656.Zhao Junqing,Xia Bin,Ji Youliang,et al.Analysis of the high resolution sequence of lacustrine carbonate[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005,23(4):646-656.
[15]梅冥相.碳酸盐岩旋回与层序[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,1993:25-30.Mei Mingxiang.The cycle and sequence of carbonate rocks[M].Guiyang:The Technological Publishing House of Guizhou,1993:25-30.
[16]梅冥相,罗光文,苏德辰.碳酸盐异成因复合海平面变化旋回层序[J].桂林冶金地质学院学报,1994,14(2):145-153.Mei Mingxiang,Luo Guangwen,Su Dechen.Carbonate allogenic cyclic sequence of composite sea-level change[J].Journal of Guilin College of Geology,1994,14(2):145-153.
[17]Goodwin P W,Anderson E J.Punctuated aggradational cycles:A general hypothesis of episodic stratigraphic accumulation[J].The Journal of Geology,1985,93(5):515-533.
[18]邓运华.歧口凹陷沙一段下碳酸盐岩形成环境[J].石油勘探与开发,1990,17(1):8-13.Deng Yunhua.An analysis of depositional environment of carbonate rocks in the first subgroup of Shahejie Formation,Qikou depression[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1990,17(1):8-13.
[19]刘传联.东营凹陷沙河街组湖相碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素组分及其古湖泊学意义[J].沉积学报,1998,16(3):109-114.Liu Chuanlian.Carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of lacustrine carbonates of the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying depression and their paleolimnological significance[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1998,16(3):109-114.
[20]闫存凤,黄杏珍,王随继.泌阳凹陷核桃园组湖相碳酸盐岩系藻类组合及古环境[J].沉积学报,1996,14(增刊):57-62.Yan Cunfeng,Huang Xingzhen,Wang Suiji.The algae combination and paleoenvironment of lacustrine carbonate of Tertiary Hetaoyuan Formation in the Biyang depression[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1996,14(Supp.):57-62.
[21]Longman M W.Carbonate diagenetic textures from nearsurface diagenetic environment[J].AAPG Bulletin,1980,64(4):461-487.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心