南堡凹陷潜山面精细成像目标攻关处理研究
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摘要
南堡凹陷勘探开发程度的不断提高使潜山逐渐成为油田重要的勘探新领域,为提高潜山面和内幕成像质量,开展叠前深度偏移技术的应用研究.在以往处理的基础上,充分认识潜山面地震反射特征,讨论叠前深度偏移的针对性技术和措施.在整个过程中,地质认识贯穿处理的每个环节.结果表明,在地质认识指导下的潜山面精细成像目标攻关处理,改善了潜山面和内幕的成像质量,为构造解释、储层反演和裂缝预测提供可靠的基础资料.
The burial hills are becoming the new important exploration of oil fields with the improvement of exploration and development in Nanpu Sag.For improving the imaging for inner and surface of the burial hill,we apply pre-stack depth migration.On the base of past dealing,we analysis the characteristics of seismic reflects and discuss the technologies and measures for pre-stack depth migration.We have the idea of geology in all the dealing process.The results prove that with the guide of geology the target dealing of burial hill improve the surface and inner imaging and the dealing provides good data for structural interpretation,reservoir inversion and fractural prediction.
The burial hills are becoming the new important exploration of oil fields with the improvement of exploration and development in Nanpu Sag.For improving the imaging for inner and surface of the burial hill,we apply pre-stack depth migration.On the base of past dealing,we analysis the characteristics of seismic reflects and discuss the technologies and measures for pre-stack depth migration.We have the idea of geology in all the dealing process.The results prove that with the guide of geology the target dealing of burial hill improve the surface and inner imaging and the dealing provides good data for structural interpretation,reservoir inversion and fractural prediction.
引文
[1] 刘福贵,张明振,.叠前深度偏移技术在潜山油藏勘探中的应用[J].石油物探,2003,42(1) :63～67． Liu F G,Zhang M Z,. Application of prestack depth migration in buried hill reservior exploration [ J ]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2003,42 (1) : 63 ～ 67．
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[3] 张军华,吕宁,田莲玉,等.地震资料去噪方法、技术综合评述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4) :1083～1091． Zhang J H,Lv N,Tian L Y etal. An overview of the methods and techniques for seismic data noise attenuation[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2005,20(4) : 1083 ～ 1091．
[4] 陈赟,高乐,赵烽帆.一种基于频率域偏振分析提高三分量地震资料信噪比的方法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1) :255～ 261． Chen Y, Gao L, Zhao F F. A method to enhance the signal/ noise ratio of three-component seismic data based on the polarization analysis in fre-quency domain[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2007,22(1) :255～261．
[5] 王维红,裴江云,张剑锋.加权抛物Radon变换叠前地震数据重建.地球物理学报,2007,50(3) :851～859． Wang W H, Pei J Y, Zhang J F. Prestack seismic data reconstruction using weighted parabolic Radon transform. ChineseJ. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2007, 50(3) :851～859．
[6] 王典,刘财,刘洋,等.反射法地震勘探噪音消除技术研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3) :957～970． Wang D, Liu C, Liu Yet al. Study of the noise elimination methods in the reflection seismic exploration[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2006,21(3) :857～970．
[7] 牛滨华,孙春岩,张中杰,等.多项式Radon变换[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(2) :263～271． Niu B H, Sun C Y, Zhang Z J, et al. Polynomial radon transform[J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2001, 44 (2) : 263～271
[8] 刘喜武,刘洪,李幼铭.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(1) :8～15． Liu X U, Liu H, Li Y M. High resolution radon transform and its application in seismic signal processing[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2004,19(1) :8～15．
[9] 王维红,刘洪.抛物Radon变换法近偏移距波场外推[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2) :289～293． Wang W H , Liu H. Near offset wavefield extrapolation based on parabolic Radon transform[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2005,20(2) :289～293．
[10] 王海燕,高锐,马永生,等.若尔盖盆地 西秦岭造山带结合部位深反射资料的静校正和去噪技术[J].地球物理学进展, 2007,22(3) :743～749． Wang H Y,Gao R,Ma Y S,et al. Static correction and noise removal for deep seismic reflection data from the contact zone of the Zoige and the west Qinling orogen[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2007,22(3) :743～749．
[11] 邓小英,李月.Ricker子波核最小二乘支持向量机在地震勘探信号去噪应用中的参数设置研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3) :953～959． Deng X Y, Li Y. Study of parameters setting for least square support vector machine based on Ricker wavelet kernel in the denoising applications of seismic prospecting signals [ J ]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2007,22(3) :953～959．
[12] 张文坡,陈湛文.线性化空间变换叠前与叠后地震记录去噪方法[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1) :190～193． Zhang W P, Chen Z W. Denoise method for prestack and poststack seismic records by linear spatial transformation[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2006,21 ( 1 ) : 190 ～ 193．
[13] 高静怀,毛 剑,满蔚仕,等.叠前地震资料噪声衰减的小波域方法研究.地球物理学报,2006,49(4) :1155～1163． Gao J H, Mao J, Man W S, et al. On thedenoising method of prestack seismic data in wavelet domain. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2006, 49(4) : 1155～1163．
[14] 陈勇,韩波.时间推移地震反演的连续模型与算法.地球物理学报,2006,49(4) :1164～1168． Chen Y, Han B. Continuous models and algorithms for timelapse seismic inversion. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese),2006, 49(4) : 1164～1168
[15] 王延光.储层地震反演方法以及应用中的关键问题与对策[J].石油物探,2002,41(3) :299～303． Wang Y G. Seismic reservoir inversion algorithm and the key problems and policies in its application [ J ]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2002,41(3) :299～303．
[16] 孙成禹.地震资料的双约束频谱补偿方法[J].石油物探,2000,39(1) :35～41． Sun C Y. Dual constraint frequency spectrum compensation of seismic data[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2000,39(1) :35～41
[17] 张剑.子波反褶积在塔河油田联片三维地震资料解释中的应用[J].石油物探,2001,40(2) :98～101． Zhang J. Application of the wavelet deconvolution in 3-D seismic interpretation in Ta-he oil field [ J ]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2001,40 (2) : 98～ 101．
[18] 郭树祥,李建明,毕立飞,等.频率域地表一致性反褶积方法及应用效果分析[J].石油物探,2003,42(1) :97～101． Guo S X, Li J M, Bi L F, et al. quency domain surfaceconsistent deconvolution and its application[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2001,40(2) : 98～ 101．
[19] 憙晓宇,刘洪,李幼铭.预条件共轭梯度反褶积的改进及其应 用[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4) :1192～1197． Xi X Y, Liu H, Li Y M. The improvement and application of preconditional conjugate gradient deconvolutions [ J ].Progress in Geophysics ( in Chinese), 2006,21 ( 4 ) : 1192 ～1197．
[20] 王西文,胡自多,田彦灿等.地震子波处理的二步法反褶积方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4) :1167～1179． Wang X W, Hu Z D, Tian Y C, et al. Study of seismic wavelet processing method in two step deccnvolution[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2006,21(4) : 1167～1179．
[21] 刘喜武,高伟,张宁,等.基于带状混合矩阵ICA实现地震盲反褶积[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4) :1153～1163． Liu X W, Gao W, Zhang N, et al. ICA with banded mixing matrix based seismic blind deconvolution [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2007,22(4) : 1153～1163．
[22] 吴庆举,李永华,张瑞青,等.用多道反褶积方法测定台站接收函数.地球物理学报,2007,50(3) :791～796． Wu Q J, Li Y H, Zhang R Q, et al. Receiver function estimated by multi-channel deconvolution [ J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2007, 50(3) :791～796．
[23] 麻三怀,杨长春,孙福利,等.克希霍夫叠前时间偏移技术在复杂构造带地震资料处理中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008, 23(3) :754～760． Ma S H,Yang C C,Sun F L,et al. Application of Kirchhoff PSTM to seismic data of complex structure[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2008,23(3) :754～760．
[24] 韩晓丽,秦宏国,杨长春.华北地区低信噪比资料连片叠前时间偏移成像策略[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3) :774～ 784． Han X L,Qin H G,Yang C C. Pieces-linked pre-stack time migration strategies of low S/N ratio seismic data in North China[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2008, 23(3) :774～784．
[25] 苑书金.叠前地震反演技术的进展及其在岩性油气藏勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3) :879～886． Yuan S J. Progress of pre-stack inversion and application in exploration of the lithological reservoirs [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2007,22(3) : 879～886．
[2] 徐安娜,董月霞,邹才能,等.南堡凹陷岩性地层油气藏区带划分与评价[J].石油勘探和开发,2008,35(9) :272～280． Xu A N, Dong Y X, Zou C N, etal. Division and evalution of oil-gas profic zones for litho-stratigraphic reservoirs in the Nanpu Sag. Petroleum Exploration and Development [J].2008,35(9) :272～280．
[3] 张军华,吕宁,田莲玉,等.地震资料去噪方法、技术综合评述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4) :1083～1091． Zhang J H,Lv N,Tian L Y etal. An overview of the methods and techniques for seismic data noise attenuation[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2005,20(4) : 1083 ～ 1091．
[4] 陈赟,高乐,赵烽帆.一种基于频率域偏振分析提高三分量地震资料信噪比的方法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1) :255～ 261． Chen Y, Gao L, Zhao F F. A method to enhance the signal/ noise ratio of three-component seismic data based on the polarization analysis in fre-quency domain[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2007,22(1) :255～261．
[5] 王维红,裴江云,张剑锋.加权抛物Radon变换叠前地震数据重建.地球物理学报,2007,50(3) :851～859． Wang W H, Pei J Y, Zhang J F. Prestack seismic data reconstruction using weighted parabolic Radon transform. ChineseJ. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2007, 50(3) :851～859．
[6] 王典,刘财,刘洋,等.反射法地震勘探噪音消除技术研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3) :957～970． Wang D, Liu C, Liu Yet al. Study of the noise elimination methods in the reflection seismic exploration[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2006,21(3) :857～970．
[7] 牛滨华,孙春岩,张中杰,等.多项式Radon变换[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(2) :263～271． Niu B H, Sun C Y, Zhang Z J, et al. Polynomial radon transform[J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2001, 44 (2) : 263～271
[8] 刘喜武,刘洪,李幼铭.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(1) :8～15． Liu X U, Liu H, Li Y M. High resolution radon transform and its application in seismic signal processing[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2004,19(1) :8～15．
[9] 王维红,刘洪.抛物Radon变换法近偏移距波场外推[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2) :289～293． Wang W H , Liu H. Near offset wavefield extrapolation based on parabolic Radon transform[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2005,20(2) :289～293．
[10] 王海燕,高锐,马永生,等.若尔盖盆地 西秦岭造山带结合部位深反射资料的静校正和去噪技术[J].地球物理学进展, 2007,22(3) :743～749． Wang H Y,Gao R,Ma Y S,et al. Static correction and noise removal for deep seismic reflection data from the contact zone of the Zoige and the west Qinling orogen[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2007,22(3) :743～749．
[11] 邓小英,李月.Ricker子波核最小二乘支持向量机在地震勘探信号去噪应用中的参数设置研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3) :953～959． Deng X Y, Li Y. Study of parameters setting for least square support vector machine based on Ricker wavelet kernel in the denoising applications of seismic prospecting signals [ J ]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2007,22(3) :953～959．
[12] 张文坡,陈湛文.线性化空间变换叠前与叠后地震记录去噪方法[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1) :190～193． Zhang W P, Chen Z W. Denoise method for prestack and poststack seismic records by linear spatial transformation[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2006,21 ( 1 ) : 190 ～ 193．
[13] 高静怀,毛 剑,满蔚仕,等.叠前地震资料噪声衰减的小波域方法研究.地球物理学报,2006,49(4) :1155～1163． Gao J H, Mao J, Man W S, et al. On thedenoising method of prestack seismic data in wavelet domain. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2006, 49(4) : 1155～1163．
[14] 陈勇,韩波.时间推移地震反演的连续模型与算法.地球物理学报,2006,49(4) :1164～1168． Chen Y, Han B. Continuous models and algorithms for timelapse seismic inversion. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese),2006, 49(4) : 1164～1168
[15] 王延光.储层地震反演方法以及应用中的关键问题与对策[J].石油物探,2002,41(3) :299～303． Wang Y G. Seismic reservoir inversion algorithm and the key problems and policies in its application [ J ]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2002,41(3) :299～303．
[16] 孙成禹.地震资料的双约束频谱补偿方法[J].石油物探,2000,39(1) :35～41． Sun C Y. Dual constraint frequency spectrum compensation of seismic data[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2000,39(1) :35～41
[17] 张剑.子波反褶积在塔河油田联片三维地震资料解释中的应用[J].石油物探,2001,40(2) :98～101． Zhang J. Application of the wavelet deconvolution in 3-D seismic interpretation in Ta-he oil field [ J ]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2001,40 (2) : 98～ 101．
[18] 郭树祥,李建明,毕立飞,等.频率域地表一致性反褶积方法及应用效果分析[J].石油物探,2003,42(1) :97～101． Guo S X, Li J M, Bi L F, et al. quency domain surfaceconsistent deconvolution and its application[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2001,40(2) : 98～ 101．
[19] 憙晓宇,刘洪,李幼铭.预条件共轭梯度反褶积的改进及其应 用[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4) :1192～1197． Xi X Y, Liu H, Li Y M. The improvement and application of preconditional conjugate gradient deconvolutions [ J ].Progress in Geophysics ( in Chinese), 2006,21 ( 4 ) : 1192 ～1197．
[20] 王西文,胡自多,田彦灿等.地震子波处理的二步法反褶积方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4) :1167～1179． Wang X W, Hu Z D, Tian Y C, et al. Study of seismic wavelet processing method in two step deccnvolution[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2006,21(4) : 1167～1179．
[21] 刘喜武,高伟,张宁,等.基于带状混合矩阵ICA实现地震盲反褶积[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4) :1153～1163． Liu X W, Gao W, Zhang N, et al. ICA with banded mixing matrix based seismic blind deconvolution [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2007,22(4) : 1153～1163．
[22] 吴庆举,李永华,张瑞青,等.用多道反褶积方法测定台站接收函数.地球物理学报,2007,50(3) :791～796． Wu Q J, Li Y H, Zhang R Q, et al. Receiver function estimated by multi-channel deconvolution [ J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2007, 50(3) :791～796．
[23] 麻三怀,杨长春,孙福利,等.克希霍夫叠前时间偏移技术在复杂构造带地震资料处理中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008, 23(3) :754～760． Ma S H,Yang C C,Sun F L,et al. Application of Kirchhoff PSTM to seismic data of complex structure[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2008,23(3) :754～760．
[24] 韩晓丽,秦宏国,杨长春.华北地区低信噪比资料连片叠前时间偏移成像策略[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3) :774～ 784． Han X L,Qin H G,Yang C C. Pieces-linked pre-stack time migration strategies of low S/N ratio seismic data in North China[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2008, 23(3) :774～784．
[25] 苑书金.叠前地震反演技术的进展及其在岩性油气藏勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3) :879～886． Yuan S J. Progress of pre-stack inversion and application in exploration of the lithological reservoirs [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2007,22(3) : 879～886．
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