南海北部陆坡流花碳酸盐台地地球物理响应
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摘要
碳酸盐岩储层发育和成岩作用复杂性导致了储层物性非均质特征。对东沙海区流花油田碳酸盐岩测井曲线进行交汇分析,得出速度、密度和中子孔隙度与波阻抗有良好的线性对应关系。通过对流花地区的三维地震和测井资料分析运算,总结碳酸盐台地非均质地震反射特征,利用地震属性和反演技术描述了该区生物礁碳酸盐岩储层的物性特征。结果表明,地震反射强度、波阻抗反演、振幅类属性和相干体等,可展示该区碳酸盐岩储层物性的非均质性特征,另外,影响流花非均质的主要因素,为岩溶以及酸性气体造成的垮塌灰岩坑。
The complexity of carbonate deposition and diagenesis leads to the carbonate reservoir heterogeneity.The analysis of the intersections of well logs in the area of the Liuhua oil field on Dongsha massif suggest that velocity,density and seismic acoustic impedance are the most relevant physical parameters of porosity.Based on the quantitative analysis of reservoir physical properties from 3d seismic and logging data,we summarized in this paper the heterogeneous characteristics of the reef carbonate platform,and described its physical properties,by using the techniques of seismic inversion and attributes analysis.The results show that the seismic reflection,acoustic impedance inversion,seismic amplitude attributes,and coherence can be used in description of carbonate reservoir characteristics.Finally,we analyzed the genesis of the heterogeneity of reservoir of the Lliuhua oil field.It is concluded that the karst and sinkhole caused by acid gas are one of the main reasons for the heterogeneity of a reservoir.
The complexity of carbonate deposition and diagenesis leads to the carbonate reservoir heterogeneity.The analysis of the intersections of well logs in the area of the Liuhua oil field on Dongsha massif suggest that velocity,density and seismic acoustic impedance are the most relevant physical parameters of porosity.Based on the quantitative analysis of reservoir physical properties from 3d seismic and logging data,we summarized in this paper the heterogeneous characteristics of the reef carbonate platform,and described its physical properties,by using the techniques of seismic inversion and attributes analysis.The results show that the seismic reflection,acoustic impedance inversion,seismic amplitude attributes,and coherence can be used in description of carbonate reservoir characteristics.Finally,we analyzed the genesis of the heterogeneity of reservoir of the Lliuhua oil field.It is concluded that the karst and sinkhole caused by acid gas are one of the main reasons for the heterogeneity of a reservoir.
引文
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[14]Brown A R.Interpretation of Three-Dimensional Seismic Da-ta[M].Tulsa:The American Association of Petroleum Geol-ogists and the Society of Exploration Geophysics.1999.
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[16]Kusumastu T A,van Rensburgen P,Warren J K.Seismicsequence analyses and reservoir potential of drowned Miocenecarbonate platforms in the Madura Strait,East Java,Indone-sia[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86.
[17]Moldovanyi E P,Waal F M,Yan Z J.Regional exposure e-vents and platform evolution of Zhujiang Formation carbon-ates,Pearl river Mouth Basin:evidence for primary and dia-genetic seismic facies.[C]//Unconformities and porosity incarbonate strata.American Association of Petroleum Geolo-gists Memoir.1995,63:133 45.
[18]Chip Story,Patrick Peng,Jian Donglin.Liuhua 11-1field,South China Ssea:a shallow carbonate reservoir developed u-sing ultrahigh-resolution 3-d seismic,inversion,and attrib-ute-based reservoir modeling[C]//.the Leading Edge,2000,19:834-844.
[19]Gong Z,Jin Q,Qin Z,et al.Geology,tectonics and evolu-tion of the Pear River Mouth Basin.In:Zhu X ed.[C]//Chi-nese Sedimentary Basin.1989:181-196.
[20]刘军,施和生,杜家元,等.东沙隆起台地生物礁、滩油藏成藏条件及勘探思路探讨.热带海洋学报,2007,26:22-27.[LIU Jun,SHI Hesheng,DU Jiayuan,et al.Forming condi-tions and exploration direction of reef oil-gas pool in carbonateplatform of Dongsha Massif[J].Journal Of Tropical Oceanog-raphy,2007,26:22-27.]
[21]朱伟林,张功成,杨少坤,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地天然气地质.北京:石油工业出版社,2007.[ZHU Weilin,ZHANGGongcheng,YANG Shaokun,et al.Geology of natural gasof continental margin of the northern South China Sea[M],Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2007.]
[2]吕炳全,徐国强,王红罡,等.南海新生代碳酸盐台地淹没事件记录的海底扩张[J].地质科学,2002,37(4):405-414.[LBingquan,XU Guoqiang,WANG Hongzhi,et al.Seafloor spreading recorded by drowning events of Cenozoic car-bonate platforms in the South China Sea[J].Chinese Journalof Geology,2002,37(4):405-414.]
[3]姚伯初,万玲,吴能友.南海新生代构造演化及岩石圈三维结构特征[J].地质通报,2005,24(1):1-8.[YAO Bochu,WAN Ling,WU Nengyou.Cenozoic tectonic evolution andthe 3Dstructure of lithosphere of the South China Sea.Geo-logical Bulletin of China,2005,24(1):1-8.]
[4]ZampettiT V,Sattler H,Braaksma U.Well log and seismiccharacter of Liuhua11-1Field,South China Sea:relationshipbetween diagenesis and seismic reflections[J].SedimentaryGeology,2005,175:217-236.
[5]Sattler U,Zampetti V,Schlager W,et al.Late leaching underdeep burial conditions:a case study from the Miocene Zhu-jiang carbonate reservoir,South China Sea[J].Marine andPetroleum Geology,2004,21:977-992.
[6]岳大力,吴胜和,林承焰,等.流花11-1油田礁灰岩油藏储层非均质性及剩余油分布规律[J].地质科技情报,2005,24(6):90-96.[YUE Dali,WU Shenghe,LIN Chengyan,et al.Reservoir heterogeneity and remaining oil distribution patternof reef limestone reservoir in Liuhua11-1oilfield[J].GeologicalScience and Technology Information.2005,24(6):90-96.]
[7]Zampetti V,Schlager W.Architecture and growth history of aMiocene carbonate plateform from 3Dseismic reflection data:Luconia province,offshore Sarawak,Malaysia[J].Marineand Petroleum Geology,2004,21:517-534.
[8]Robert Riding.Structure and composition of organic reefs andcarbonate mud mounds:concepts and categories[J].EarthScience Reviews,2002,58:163-231.
[9]岳大力,吴胜和,林承焰,等.流花11-1油田礁灰岩油藏沉积-成岩演化模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(4):518-529.[YUE Dali,WU Shenghe,LIN Chengyan,et al.Sedi-mentary and diagenetic evolution pattern of reef limestone res-ervoirs in Liuhua 11-1oilfield[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(4):518-529.]
[10]Uwe Strecker,Maggie Smith,Richard U den,et al.Seismicattribute analysis in hydrothermal dolomite,Devonian SlavePoint Formation,Northeast British Columbia,Canada[C]//SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts.2004:378-381.
[11]Erlichr N,Barrett S F,Ju GB.Seismic and geologic charac-teristics of drowning events on carbonate platforms[J].AAPG Bulletin,1990,74(10):1523-1537.
[12]Kusumastu TI A,Van Rensburgen P,Warren J K.Seismicsequence analyses and reservoir potential of drowned Miocenecarbonate platforms in the Madura Strait,East Java,Indone-sia[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(2):213-232.
[13]Wu Shiguo,Yuan Shengqiang,Zhang Guangxu,et al.Seis-mic Characteristics of a reef carbonate reservoir and implica-tions for hydrocarbon exploration in deepwater of the Qiong-dongnan Basin,northern SCS[J].Marine and Petroleum Ge-ology,2008,26(6):817-823.
[14]Brown A R.Interpretation of Three-Dimensional Seismic Da-ta[M].Tulsa:The American Association of Petroleum Geol-ogists and the Society of Exploration Geophysics.1999.
[15]Brown A R.Interpretation of Three-Dimensional Seismic Da-ta[M].Tulsa:The American Association of Petroleum Geol-ogists and the Society of Exploration Geophysics.1999.
[16]Kusumastu T A,van Rensburgen P,Warren J K.Seismicsequence analyses and reservoir potential of drowned Miocenecarbonate platforms in the Madura Strait,East Java,Indone-sia[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86.
[17]Moldovanyi E P,Waal F M,Yan Z J.Regional exposure e-vents and platform evolution of Zhujiang Formation carbon-ates,Pearl river Mouth Basin:evidence for primary and dia-genetic seismic facies.[C]//Unconformities and porosity incarbonate strata.American Association of Petroleum Geolo-gists Memoir.1995,63:133 45.
[18]Chip Story,Patrick Peng,Jian Donglin.Liuhua 11-1field,South China Ssea:a shallow carbonate reservoir developed u-sing ultrahigh-resolution 3-d seismic,inversion,and attrib-ute-based reservoir modeling[C]//.the Leading Edge,2000,19:834-844.
[19]Gong Z,Jin Q,Qin Z,et al.Geology,tectonics and evolu-tion of the Pear River Mouth Basin.In:Zhu X ed.[C]//Chi-nese Sedimentary Basin.1989:181-196.
[20]刘军,施和生,杜家元,等.东沙隆起台地生物礁、滩油藏成藏条件及勘探思路探讨.热带海洋学报,2007,26:22-27.[LIU Jun,SHI Hesheng,DU Jiayuan,et al.Forming condi-tions and exploration direction of reef oil-gas pool in carbonateplatform of Dongsha Massif[J].Journal Of Tropical Oceanog-raphy,2007,26:22-27.]
[21]朱伟林,张功成,杨少坤,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地天然气地质.北京:石油工业出版社,2007.[ZHU Weilin,ZHANGGongcheng,YANG Shaokun,et al.Geology of natural gasof continental margin of the northern South China Sea[M],Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2007.]
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