伪波阻抗反演和频谱成像技术在琼东南盆地储层预测中的应用
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摘要
我国琼东南盆地深水区勘探程度低,工区内只有一口刚打到研究层段黄流组顶部的探井,针对该情况,介绍了一种在无井或少井情况下利用速度谱资料进行地震反演的方法.该方法首先利用离工区较近的井进行有井反演,然后结合有井反演过程的认识,利用速度谱资料提取伪井信息进行伪波阻抗反演,并充分利用已有的地质信息来完善无井反演的结果,最后利用频谱成像技术对反演结果进行验证.结果表明,为了获取准确的伪波阻抗数据,需要准确的速度谱数据,且在构造比较平缓、能量集中、质量较好的道集提取伪井资料,并充分利用已知地震、地质信息和频谱成像分析结果,可以减小无井反演结果的多解性.
The deepwater area of the Qiongdongnan Basin of China is a new exploring area with sparse wells controlled,and there is only one well drilled to the target of the Huangliu horizon.According to this situation,a seismic inversion method with velocity spectrum data is presented for target areas with sparse or no well controlled.In the methodology,well-constrainted inversion is done firstly with the well near the target areas.Then,combined with the result of the well-constrained inversion,we use the pseudo-acoustic curves which are extracted from velocity spectrum data to do the pseudo-acoustic inversion.And we use the geology information to improve the quality of the pseudo-acoustic inversion.In the end,spectrum imaging is used to test the preudo-inversion result.The result shows that in order to achieve accurate pseudo-acoustic data,precise velocity spectrum data is required.And it is necessary to extract pseudo-well data in the area of gentle structure,energy concentration and good quality.The ambiguity of the pseudo-inversion can be reduced by using the known seismic and geological information as much as possible.
The deepwater area of the Qiongdongnan Basin of China is a new exploring area with sparse wells controlled,and there is only one well drilled to the target of the Huangliu horizon.According to this situation,a seismic inversion method with velocity spectrum data is presented for target areas with sparse or no well controlled.In the methodology,well-constrainted inversion is done firstly with the well near the target areas.Then,combined with the result of the well-constrained inversion,we use the pseudo-acoustic curves which are extracted from velocity spectrum data to do the pseudo-acoustic inversion.And we use the geology information to improve the quality of the pseudo-acoustic inversion.In the end,spectrum imaging is used to test the preudo-inversion result.The result shows that in order to achieve accurate pseudo-acoustic data,precise velocity spectrum data is required.And it is necessary to extract pseudo-well data in the area of gentle structure,energy concentration and good quality.The ambiguity of the pseudo-inversion can be reduced by using the known seismic and geological information as much as possible.
引文
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[2] Bourgeois T M,Godfrey D G,Bailey M J.Race on for deepwater acreage,3500-meter depth capability[J].Offshore,1998,58(10) : 40～41
[3] 龚洪林,王振卿,李录明,等.应用地震分频技术预测碳酸盐岩储层[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1) :129～135． Gong H L,Wang Z Q,Li L M,et al.Predicting carbonate reservoir by applying seismic spectral decomposition technique [J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(1) : 129～135．
[4] 肖高杰,杨长春,范兴斌,等.谱分解技术在W区河道识别中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2) :568～572． Xiao G J,Yang C C,Fan X B,et al.Application of spectral decomposition method in channel identifying at W area[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(2) : 568～572．
[5] 张超英,周小鹰,董宁.测井约束的地震反演在鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(4) : 909～917． Zhang C Y,Zhou X Y,Dong N.Seismic inversion constrained by wells in the Daniu gas-field in Eerduosi Basin[J].Progress in Geophysics,2004,19(4) : 909～917．
[6] 杨立强.测井约束地震反演综述[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3) :530～534． Yang L Q.A review of well log constrained seismic inversion [J].Progress in Geophysics,2003,18(3) : 530～534．
[7] 漆立新,顾汉明,李宗杰,等.基于地震波振幅分辨塔河油田溶洞最小高度的理论探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(5) :1499～1506． Qi L X,Gu H M,Li Z J,et al.Theoretical discussion on resolution of maximum height of cavity in the Tahe oilfield based on seismic amplitude[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(5) : 1499～1506．
[8] 张延玲,杨长春,贾曙光.地震属性技术的研究和应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4) :1129～1133． Zhang Y L,Yang C C,Jia S G.The application of the seismic attributes[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4) : 1129～1133．
[9] 匡朝阳,高锐,史海英,等.长岭地区东北部拗陷层油气成藏特征及储层预测[J].地球物理学进展,2008,20(4) :808～813． Kuang Z Y,Gao R,Shi H Y,et al.Accumulation characteristics of oil-gas under north-eastern depression in Changling area and reservoir prevision [J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,20(4) : 808～813．
[10] 董宁,周小鹰,刘振峰,等.鄂北上古生界隐蔽气藏地震储层预测技术[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3) :909～91 6． Dong N,Zhou X Y,Liu Z F,et al.The application of integrated seismic reservoir prediction in forcasting hidden gas reservoir of upper palaeozoic group,north Ordos basin[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(3) : 909～916．
[11] 陈香朋,韩国庆,田建华,等.地震属性技术在郭局子洼陷沙二段岩性油藏描述中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3) :846～851． Chen X P,Han G Q,Tian J H,et al.Seismic attribute application to the lithologic reservoir of Es2 member of the Guojuzi sag[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(3) : 846～851．
[12] 苏明军,王西文,何亨华,等.柴达木盆地三湖地区北斜坡岩性地层气藏形成的地质条件与预测技术研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(4) :1190～1198． SuM J,Wang X W,He H H,et al.The lithologic and stratigraphic gas reservoirs in the north slope of the sanhu area,Qaidam basin: a study on their genetic conditions and characterization techniques [J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(4) : 1190～1198．
[13] 马劲风,王学军,谢言光,等.波阻抗反演中低频分量构建的经验与技巧[J].石油物探,2000,39(1) :27～41． Ma J F,Wang X J,Xie Y G,et al.Experience and skill of constructing low-frequency components in impedance inversion[J].Geophysical Prosepcting for Petroleum,2000,39(1) : 27～41．
[14] Greg P,James G,John L.Interpretational applications of spectral decomposition in reservoir characterization[J].The Leading Edge,1999(3) : 353～360．
[15] 张亚中,赵裕辉,鲁新便,等.频谱分解技术在塔里木盆地北部TH地区碳酸盐缝洞型储层预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(增刊):16～20,24． Zhang Y Z,Zhao Y H,Lu X B,etal.Application of spectral factorization technique to predict carbonate fracture-vuggy reservoir in TH area of northern Tarim basin[J].Journal of Geophysics and Engineering,2006,41(Supplement): 16～20,24．
[16] 牛聪,张益明.频谱成像技术在储层厚度预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(5) :494～497． Niu C,Zhang Y M.Application of spectral imaging technology in predicting reservoir thickness[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(5) : 494～497．
[17] 李家宁,杨志东,李宏,等.多井约束波阻抗反演在准噶尔盆地四2区的应用[J].河南石油,2005,19(6) :25～28． Li J N,Yang Z D,Li Hong.et al.Application of multiwell logging constrained wave impedance inversion technology in Si2 block in Junggar Basin[J].Henan Petroleum,2005,19(6) : 25～28．
[18] 王德利,何樵登,韩立国.相位相关统计高分辨率速度分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(2) :198～204． Wang D L,He Q D,Han L G.High-resolution velocity analysis by phase correlation statistics[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2001,36(2) : 198～204．
[19] Peyton L,Bottjer R,Partyka G.Interpretation of incised valleys using new 3-D seismic techniques: a case history using spectral decomposition and coherency[J].The leading Edge,1998,17(10) :1294～1298．
[20] Partyka G,Gridley J,Lopez J.Interpretational applications of spectral decomposition in reservoir characterization[J].The leading Edge,1999,18(3) : 353～360．
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