印尼9.0级地震前后远场水平地壳微动态变形
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摘要
利用中国大陆GPS基准站及震中附近IGS站数据,研究了2004年12月26日印尼苏门答腊9.0级地震前后GPS观测到的远场水平位移微动态变形过程。震前E分量位移序列出现"分群"现象,震中东北侧大陆板块上的GPS站点表现出受挤压向东的运动,而位于断裂带西北侧大陆板块上的站点则表现出受引张向西运动的趋势,具有大尺度空间的协调一致性,与理论孕震模型符合较好。远至3 000km的站点也观测到了地震的同震位移,同震位移矢量有整体向震中汇聚的特点,反映了震时俯冲板块和上覆板块会聚作用对远场的影响。而震后由于地震断层的强烈运动,使得一些点位位移态势发生了较震前异常更明显、持久的改变。
Using the data of GPS fiducial stations in China and IGS stations around the epicenter,we studied the horizontal micro-dynamic crustal deformations before and after Indonesia Mw9.0 earthquake in far field.The E component showed regional distinction changes before the earthquake.It was that the stations located in north-east from the epicenter moved east,controlled by pinching action,whereas,stations located in northwest from the epicenter moved west ward,effected by stretching force.It showed a characteristic of harmony and consistency in a large-scale space,corresponding better with the theoretical seismogenic patterns.Small but significant co-seismic jumps are clearly detected by the stations which are more than 3 000 km far from the epicenter.The co-seismic deformation vectors almost pointed towards the earthquake epicenter on the whole,reflecting the flocking impact of the diving slab towards overlaying plate on a far-field.And some of these sites change their dislocations obviously acted by the strong movement of earthquake fault after the earthquake.
Using the data of GPS fiducial stations in China and IGS stations around the epicenter,we studied the horizontal micro-dynamic crustal deformations before and after Indonesia Mw9.0 earthquake in far field.The E component showed regional distinction changes before the earthquake.It was that the stations located in north-east from the epicenter moved east,controlled by pinching action,whereas,stations located in northwest from the epicenter moved west ward,effected by stretching force.It showed a characteristic of harmony and consistency in a large-scale space,corresponding better with the theoretical seismogenic patterns.Small but significant co-seismic jumps are clearly detected by the stations which are more than 3 000 km far from the epicenter.The co-seismic deformation vectors almost pointed towards the earthquake epicenter on the whole,reflecting the flocking impact of the diving slab towards overlaying plate on a far-field.And some of these sites change their dislocations obviously acted by the strong movement of earthquake fault after the earthquake.
引文
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9顾国华,张晶,王武星.关于2001年昆仑山8.1级大震前后中国大陆地壳水平运动的讨论[J].地震学报,2003,25(6):653-660.(Gu Guohua,Zhangjing and Wang Wux-ing.Horizental crustal movement in Chinese mainland beforeand after the great Kunlun MountainM=8.1 earthquake in2001[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2003,25(6):653-660)
10顾国华,符养,王武星.利用GPS观测对我国地壳水平形变强度的分析[J].地震,2004,24(2):1-6.(GuGuohua,Fu Yang and Wang Wuxing.Analysis on the in-tensity of horizontal crustal deformation in China based onresults of GPS observations[J].Earthquake,2004,24(2):1-6)
11武艳强,江在森,杨国华.最小二乘配置方法在提取GPS时间序列中的应用[J].国际地震动态,2007(7):99-103.(Wu Yanqiang,Jiang Zaisen and Yang Guohua.Theapplication of least square collocation in obtaining informa-tion from GPS time series[J].Recent Developments inWorld Seismology,2007,(7):99-103)
12杨国华,等.印尼地震对我国川滇地区地壳水平活动的影响[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,(1):9-14.(Yang Guohua,et al.Effect of Indonesia earthquake on hor-izontal crustal movement in Sichuan-Yunnan region[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2006,(1):9-14)
13付广裕,孙文科.2004年苏门答腊地震引起的远场形变[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,(2):1-8.(FuGuangyu and Sun Wenke.Far-field deformation causedby2004 Sumatra earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geo-dynamics,2008,(2):1-8)
14王敏,等.全球定位系统(GPS)测定的印尼苏门达腊巨震的远场同震地表位移[J].科学通报,2006,51(3):365-368.(Wang Min,et al.Far field co-earthquake surfacedisplacement surveying by Global Position System(GPS)ofSumatra Andaman great earthquake in Indonesia[J].Chi-nese Science Bulletin,2006,51(3):365-368)
15中国地震局监测预报司.2004年印度尼西亚苏门达腊8.7级大地震对中国大陆地区的影响[M].北京:地震出版社,2005.(The Monitoring and Prediction Depart-ment,CEA.Impact on China continent of Sumatra-Anda-man 8.7[M].Beijing:Seimological Press,2005)
16王梅,江在森,侯贺晟.GPS连续站水平位移分量相关性分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2010,(2):19-24.(Wang mei,Jiang Zaisen and Hou Hesheng.Correla-tion analysis of continuous GPS horizontal displacementcomponents[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2010,(2):19-24)
17郭增建,秦保燕.震源物理[M].北京:地震出版社,1979.(Guo Zengjian and Qin Baoyan.Seimic-focus physics[M].Beijing:Seimological Press,1979)
2黄立人,王敏.中国大陆构造块体的现今活动和变形[J].地震地质,2003,25(1):23-32.(Huang Liren andWang Min.Prezent-day activity and deformation of tectonicblocks in China’s continent[J].Seismological and Geolo-gy,2002,25(1):23-32)
3孟国杰,等.应用GPS研究现今地壳运动的一些新特点[J].国际地震动态,2006,(10):9-16.(Meng Guojie,etal.Some new characteristics of research on contemporarycrustal movement by using GPS[J].Recent Developmentsin World Seismology,2006,(10):9-16)
4牛之俊,等.中国大陆现今地壳运动速度场的最新观测结果[J].科学通报,2005,50(8):839-840.(Niu Zhijun,etal.Contemporary velocity field of crustal movement of Chi-nese mainland from Global Positioning System measurements[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(8):839-840)
5周硕愚,等.GPS对地震预报的推进和问题研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,(3):112-117.(Zhou Shuoyu,et al.On propulsion for earthquake prediction by GPS andproblems[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2006,(3):112-117)
6吴云,等.GPS揭示的现今地壳运动与地震前兆特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,(3):14-20.(Wu Yun,et al.Characteristics of current crust movement and seimicprecursors reveled by by GPS survey[J].Journal of Geodesyand Geodynamics,2003,(3):14-20)
7江在森,等.昆仑山口西Ms 8.1级地震前区域构造变形背景[J].中国科学(D辑)2003,33(增刊):163-172.(Jiang Zaisen,et al.Regional tectonic deformation back-ground beforeMs8.1 earthquake in the west of the KunlunMountains Pass[J].Science in China(Series D),2003,33(Supp.):163-172)
8江在森,等.利用GPS观测结果研究地壳运动分布动态及其与强震关系[J].国际地震动态,2007,(7):32-41.(Jian Zaisen,et al.Study on the relation between distribu-tion of crustal movement and strong earthquake using GPSsurvey[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,2007,(7):32-41)
9顾国华,张晶,王武星.关于2001年昆仑山8.1级大震前后中国大陆地壳水平运动的讨论[J].地震学报,2003,25(6):653-660.(Gu Guohua,Zhangjing and Wang Wux-ing.Horizental crustal movement in Chinese mainland beforeand after the great Kunlun MountainM=8.1 earthquake in2001[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2003,25(6):653-660)
10顾国华,符养,王武星.利用GPS观测对我国地壳水平形变强度的分析[J].地震,2004,24(2):1-6.(GuGuohua,Fu Yang and Wang Wuxing.Analysis on the in-tensity of horizontal crustal deformation in China based onresults of GPS observations[J].Earthquake,2004,24(2):1-6)
11武艳强,江在森,杨国华.最小二乘配置方法在提取GPS时间序列中的应用[J].国际地震动态,2007(7):99-103.(Wu Yanqiang,Jiang Zaisen and Yang Guohua.Theapplication of least square collocation in obtaining informa-tion from GPS time series[J].Recent Developments inWorld Seismology,2007,(7):99-103)
12杨国华,等.印尼地震对我国川滇地区地壳水平活动的影响[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,(1):9-14.(Yang Guohua,et al.Effect of Indonesia earthquake on hor-izontal crustal movement in Sichuan-Yunnan region[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2006,(1):9-14)
13付广裕,孙文科.2004年苏门答腊地震引起的远场形变[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,(2):1-8.(FuGuangyu and Sun Wenke.Far-field deformation causedby2004 Sumatra earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geo-dynamics,2008,(2):1-8)
14王敏,等.全球定位系统(GPS)测定的印尼苏门达腊巨震的远场同震地表位移[J].科学通报,2006,51(3):365-368.(Wang Min,et al.Far field co-earthquake surfacedisplacement surveying by Global Position System(GPS)ofSumatra Andaman great earthquake in Indonesia[J].Chi-nese Science Bulletin,2006,51(3):365-368)
15中国地震局监测预报司.2004年印度尼西亚苏门达腊8.7级大地震对中国大陆地区的影响[M].北京:地震出版社,2005.(The Monitoring and Prediction Depart-ment,CEA.Impact on China continent of Sumatra-Anda-man 8.7[M].Beijing:Seimological Press,2005)
16王梅,江在森,侯贺晟.GPS连续站水平位移分量相关性分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2010,(2):19-24.(Wang mei,Jiang Zaisen and Hou Hesheng.Correla-tion analysis of continuous GPS horizontal displacementcomponents[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2010,(2):19-24)
17郭增建,秦保燕.震源物理[M].北京:地震出版社,1979.(Guo Zengjian and Qin Baoyan.Seimic-focus physics[M].Beijing:Seimological Press,1979)
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