郑西客运专线黄土路基震陷研究
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摘要
以郑(州)—西(安)高速铁路为例,选择潼关段为研究区,采集大量原状黄土样品,将合成的人工地震动输入到动三轴,进行了固结不排水的动三轴实验,估算了黄土路基的震陷量。建立了高速铁路黄土路基动力学数值模型,研究了50年10%和2%的超越概率水平的地震作用下黄土路基的永久变形,以及地基处理后黄土地基的永久变形。结果显示,沉降主要发生在Q3黄土中,强夯、DDC桩等地基处理措施可以有效的减少地基黄土的沉降变形,但是当处理深度不够时,在强地震作用下仍然可以产生较大沉降。研究成果为地基抗震处理提供了依据。
This paper is about the Zhengzhou-Xi'an high-speed railway,in particular,the Tongguan section about their potential seismic subsidence.A large number of undisturbed loess samples were collected at Tongguan section.By inputting artificial synthetic seismic wave to the dynamic triaxial testing of the samples,the seismic subsidence experiments were carried out.Based the laboratory tests,the paper obtains the following results.Firstly,the seismic subsidence of loess foundation was estimated and the foundation dynamic numerical model was established.Secondly,It further examined the permanent deformation of the sub-grade loess at the levels of 10% and 2% exceedance probability in 50 years under the earthquake effect and the sub-grade loess after soil treatment.The results showed that,the settlement occurred mainly in Q3 loess.The foundation treatment measures such as dynamic compaction,down-hole dynamic consolidation can effectively reduce the settlement of the loess foundation.However,larger settlement can still be generated under strong earthquakes if the soil treatment depth is not deep enough.The results presented in the paper can provide a basis for the foundation seismic treatment.
This paper is about the Zhengzhou-Xi'an high-speed railway,in particular,the Tongguan section about their potential seismic subsidence.A large number of undisturbed loess samples were collected at Tongguan section.By inputting artificial synthetic seismic wave to the dynamic triaxial testing of the samples,the seismic subsidence experiments were carried out.Based the laboratory tests,the paper obtains the following results.Firstly,the seismic subsidence of loess foundation was estimated and the foundation dynamic numerical model was established.Secondly,It further examined the permanent deformation of the sub-grade loess at the levels of 10% and 2% exceedance probability in 50 years under the earthquake effect and the sub-grade loess after soil treatment.The results showed that,the settlement occurred mainly in Q3 loess.The foundation treatment measures such as dynamic compaction,down-hole dynamic consolidation can effectively reduce the settlement of the loess foundation.However,larger settlement can still be generated under strong earthquakes if the soil treatment depth is not deep enough.The results presented in the paper can provide a basis for the foundation seismic treatment.
引文
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[7]徐舜华,秋仁东,王平.黄土震陷下限深度研究[J].西北地震学报,2007,29(3):240～244.Xu Shunhua Qiu Rendong Wang Ping.Study on boundary depth of loessial seismic subsidence.Northwestern Seismological Journal,2007,29(3):240～244.
[8]李湛,栾茂田.土工建筑物地震永久滑移变形计算方法研究进展评述[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2005,25(2):227～234.Li Zhan,Luan Maotian.State-of-the-art review on simplified procedures for evaluation of seismically-induced sliding deforma-tion of earth structures.Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitiga-tion Engineering,2005,25(2):227～234.
[9]Singh Raghvendra,Roy Debasis,Das Debatosh.A correlation for permanent earthquake-induced deformation of earth embank-ments[J].Engineering Geology,2007,90(3～4):174～185.
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[11]李红军,迟世春,钟红,等.考虑土料动力特性参数围压依赖性的高土石坝动力反应分析[J].水利学报,2007,38(8):938～943.Li Hongjun,Chi Shichun,Zhong Hong,et al..Dynamic re-sponse analysis for high rock-fill dam considering the dependen-cy of material dynamic properties on confining pressure.Shuili Xuebao,2007,38(8):938～943.
[12]王玲玲,何蕴龙,费文平.水牛家心墙堆石坝地震永久变形及液化分析[J].岩土力学,2004,25(1):165～168.Wang Lingling,He Yunlong,Fei Wenping.Analysis of earth-quake induced liquefaction and permanent deformation of Shuini-ujia central core rock-fill dam.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(1):165～168.
[13]苏谦,刘昌清,李安洪,等.郑西客运专线深厚湿陷黄土地基DDC桩法分析及沉降计算研究[J].铁道标准设计,2006,(5):23～25.Su Qian,Liu Changqing,Li anhong,et al..Analysis on the DDC method and calculation of subsidence at the deep thick and wet subgrade in Zhengzhou-Xi'an passenger dedicated line.Railway Standard Design,2006,(5):23～25.
[14]王兰民,袁中夏,王俊,等.强夯处理后黄土地基的动力特性与抗震性能[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(2):2840～2847.Wang Lanmin,Yuan Zhongxia,Wang Jun,et al..Dynamic characteristics'and seismic resistance of loess ground treated with dynamic compaction.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(2):2840～2847.
[15]孙静,袁晓铭,孙锐.土动剪切模量和阻尼比的推荐值和规范值的合理性比较[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(2):125～133.Sun Jing,Yuan Xiaoming,Sun Rui.Reasonability comparison between recommended and code values of dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of soils.Earthquake Engineering and Engi-neering Vibration,2004,24(2):125～133.
[16]陈善民,王立忠.水泥土动力特性室内试验及复合地基抗震特性分析[J].浙江大学学报:自然科学版,2000,34(4):398～403.Chen Shanmin,Wang Lizong.Experimental determination of dy-namic properties of cement-treated soil and earthquake behavior of composite foundation.Journal of Zhejiang University,Engi-neering Science,2000,34(4):398～403.
[17]蔡袁强,梁旭,李坤.水泥土-土复合试样的动力特性[J].水利学报,2003,(10):19～25.Cai Yuanqiang,Liang Xu,Li Kun.Dynamic characteristics of composite sample of cemented clay-clay.Shuili Xuebao,2003,(10):19～25.
[18]翁效林.强夯黄土地基震陷性离心试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(7):1094～1097.Weng Xiaolin.Studies on seismic subsidence of loess by centrifu-gal model tests.Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(7):1094～1097.
[2]王峻,王兰民.永登5.8级地震中黄土震陷灾害的探讨[J].地震研究,2005,28(4):393～397.Wang Jun,Wang Lanmin,Li Lan.Discussion on the loess subsid-ence disaster caused by the Yong-deng M5.8earthquake.Jour-nal of Seismological Research,2005,28(4):393～397.
[3]Zhang De-xuan,Wang Gong-hui.Study of the1920Haiyuan earthquake-induced landslides in loess(China)[J].Engineering Geology,2007,94(1～2):76～88.
[4]王兰民,邓津,黄媛.黄土震陷性的微观结构量化分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,(z1):3025～3031.Deng Jin,Wang Lanmin,Zhang Zhenzhong.Microstructure char-acteristics and seismic subsidence of loess.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,(z1):3025～3031.
[5]王兰民,张振中.地震时黄土震陷量的估算方法[J].自然灾害学报,1993,2(3):85～94.Wang Lanmin,Zhang Zhenzhong.Evaluation approach to loess seismic subsidence.Journal of Natural Disasters,1993,2(3):85～94.
[6]王峻,王兰民,李兰.黄土场地震陷量的试验预测[J].西北地震学报,1997,(2):63～67.Wang Jun,Wang Lanmin,Li lan.Laboratory prediction of seismic subsidence quantity on loess sites.Northwestern Seismological Journal,1997,(2):63～67.
[7]徐舜华,秋仁东,王平.黄土震陷下限深度研究[J].西北地震学报,2007,29(3):240～244.Xu Shunhua Qiu Rendong Wang Ping.Study on boundary depth of loessial seismic subsidence.Northwestern Seismological Journal,2007,29(3):240～244.
[8]李湛,栾茂田.土工建筑物地震永久滑移变形计算方法研究进展评述[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2005,25(2):227～234.Li Zhan,Luan Maotian.State-of-the-art review on simplified procedures for evaluation of seismically-induced sliding deforma-tion of earth structures.Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitiga-tion Engineering,2005,25(2):227～234.
[9]Singh Raghvendra,Roy Debasis,Das Debatosh.A correlation for permanent earthquake-induced deformation of earth embank-ments[J].Engineering Geology,2007,90(3～4):174～185.
[10]Arabshahi Hamidreza,Lotfi Vahid.Earthquake response of con-crete gravity dams including dam-foundation interface nonlinear-ities[J].Engineering Structures,2008,30(11):3065～3073.
[11]李红军,迟世春,钟红,等.考虑土料动力特性参数围压依赖性的高土石坝动力反应分析[J].水利学报,2007,38(8):938～943.Li Hongjun,Chi Shichun,Zhong Hong,et al..Dynamic re-sponse analysis for high rock-fill dam considering the dependen-cy of material dynamic properties on confining pressure.Shuili Xuebao,2007,38(8):938～943.
[12]王玲玲,何蕴龙,费文平.水牛家心墙堆石坝地震永久变形及液化分析[J].岩土力学,2004,25(1):165～168.Wang Lingling,He Yunlong,Fei Wenping.Analysis of earth-quake induced liquefaction and permanent deformation of Shuini-ujia central core rock-fill dam.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(1):165～168.
[13]苏谦,刘昌清,李安洪,等.郑西客运专线深厚湿陷黄土地基DDC桩法分析及沉降计算研究[J].铁道标准设计,2006,(5):23～25.Su Qian,Liu Changqing,Li anhong,et al..Analysis on the DDC method and calculation of subsidence at the deep thick and wet subgrade in Zhengzhou-Xi'an passenger dedicated line.Railway Standard Design,2006,(5):23～25.
[14]王兰民,袁中夏,王俊,等.强夯处理后黄土地基的动力特性与抗震性能[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(2):2840～2847.Wang Lanmin,Yuan Zhongxia,Wang Jun,et al..Dynamic characteristics'and seismic resistance of loess ground treated with dynamic compaction.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(2):2840～2847.
[15]孙静,袁晓铭,孙锐.土动剪切模量和阻尼比的推荐值和规范值的合理性比较[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(2):125～133.Sun Jing,Yuan Xiaoming,Sun Rui.Reasonability comparison between recommended and code values of dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of soils.Earthquake Engineering and Engi-neering Vibration,2004,24(2):125～133.
[16]陈善民,王立忠.水泥土动力特性室内试验及复合地基抗震特性分析[J].浙江大学学报:自然科学版,2000,34(4):398～403.Chen Shanmin,Wang Lizong.Experimental determination of dy-namic properties of cement-treated soil and earthquake behavior of composite foundation.Journal of Zhejiang University,Engi-neering Science,2000,34(4):398～403.
[17]蔡袁强,梁旭,李坤.水泥土-土复合试样的动力特性[J].水利学报,2003,(10):19～25.Cai Yuanqiang,Liang Xu,Li Kun.Dynamic characteristics of composite sample of cemented clay-clay.Shuili Xuebao,2003,(10):19～25.
[18]翁效林.强夯黄土地基震陷性离心试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(7):1094～1097.Weng Xiaolin.Studies on seismic subsidence of loess by centrifu-gal model tests.Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(7):1094～1097.
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