基于四阶累积量的同相轴自动拾取方法
|
摘要
针对强随机噪声干扰情况下地震勘探资料中同相轴无法正确拾取的问题,提出了基于四阶累积量的同相轴自动拾取方法。该方法利用四阶累积量进行时间延迟估计,避免了相关高斯噪声的影响;同时在参考道的选择上,以一定的间隔设置多个参考道,减少了同相轴拾取过程中的累积误差。理论模型计算表明:该方法相对于互相关方法,对相关高斯噪声有更强的抑制能力,信噪比达到-5dB。在实际资料应用中,拾取了与同相轴有关的参数:同相轴位置,该参数为地震资料的属性分析和精确定量解释提供了依据。
We present a method for automatic events extraction based on fourth-order cumulant in the case of that events can't be identified under the condition of powerful stochastic noise in seismic exploration.This method makes use of fourth-order cumulant to estimate the time delay,and to avoid correlative Gaussian noise.And in the selection of reference trace,the principle of setting multiple reference trace in certain interval reduced the cumulate error of events extraction.The theoretical model computation result shows that this method has more powerful ability to restrain the correlative Gaussian noise than cross-correlation method,the signal-to-noise ratio reaches-5 dB.In the implementation of real data,the parameters related to events such as events position and formation dip had extracted.The parameter provides a basis for attribute analysis and quantitative interpretation of this seismic data.
We present a method for automatic events extraction based on fourth-order cumulant in the case of that events can't be identified under the condition of powerful stochastic noise in seismic exploration.This method makes use of fourth-order cumulant to estimate the time delay,and to avoid correlative Gaussian noise.And in the selection of reference trace,the principle of setting multiple reference trace in certain interval reduced the cumulate error of events extraction.The theoretical model computation result shows that this method has more powerful ability to restrain the correlative Gaussian noise than cross-correlation method,the signal-to-noise ratio reaches-5 dB.In the implementation of real data,the parameters related to events such as events position and formation dip had extracted.The parameter provides a basis for attribute analysis and quantitative interpretation of this seismic data.
引文
[1]王一重,冯-,王俊祥,等.相干技术在构造形态自动识别中的应用[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2008,38(增刊):85-89.WANG Yi-zhong,FENG Xuan,WANG Jun-xiang,et al.An application of coherence technique in structure modality automatic recognition[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2008,38(Sup.):85-89.
[2]姚姚.用人工神经网络实现同相轴自动拾取[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(1):111-116.YAO Yao.Automatic seismic event pickup using artificial nerve network[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1994,29(1):111-116.
[3]陆凯文,牟永光.用自组织神经网络实现地震同相轴自动追踪[J].石油物探,1998,37(1):77-83.LU Kai-wen,MOU Yong-guang.Seismic event automatic tracking using self-organizing neural network[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1998,37(1):77-83.
[4]董恩清,朱光明,吴文奎.应用模式识别自动追踪地震剖面同相轴[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,1998,13(2):12-16.DONG En-qing,ZHU Guang-ming,WU Wen-kui.Application of pattern recognition to automatically tracking seismic profile events[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,1998,13(2):12-16.
[5]许建华,王世库,赵廷寿.用链匹配算法自动拾取同相轴[J].石油物探,1990,29(2):13-23.XU Jian-hua,WANG Shi-ku,ZHAO Ting-shou.Picking up the events automatically by chain matching algorithm[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1990,29(2):13-23.
[6]尹成,伍志明,邓怀群.高阶统计量方法在地震勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3):546-550.YIN Cheng,WU Zhi-ming,DENG Huai-qun.Application of high-order statistics in seismic exploration[J].Progress in Geophysics,2003,18(3):546-550.
[7]李志华.高阶统计量方法在地球物理学中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2006,3(5):386-391.LI Zhi-hua.Application of high-order statistics in geophysics[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2006,3(5):386-391.
[8]张贤达.现代信号处理[M].2版.北京:清华大学出版社,2002.ZHANG Xian-da.Model signal processing[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2002.
[9]Tugnait J K.On ti me delay esti mation with unknown spatially correlated Gaussian noise using fourth-order cumulants and cross cumulants[J].IEEE Trans Signal Processing,1991,39(6):1259-1267.
[10]邱天爽,张旭秀,李小兵,等.统计信号处理[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.QI U Tian-shuang,ZHANG Xu-xiu,LI Xiao-bing,et al.Statistics signal processing[M].Beijing:Publishing Hourse of Electronics Industry Press,2004.
[11]尹成,熊晓军,张白林,等.四阶累积量在剩余静校正中的应用研究[J].天然气工业,2004,24(12):48-50.YIN Cheng,XIONG Xiao-jun,ZHANG Bai-lin,et al.Application of fourth-order cumulant in residual static correction[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(12):48-50.
[12]熊晓军,尹成,张白林,等.基于四阶互累积量的小断层自动识别方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(增刊):158-164.XIONG Xiao-jun,YIN Cheng,ZHANG Bai-lin,et al.A method of automatic small faults identification based on cross-fourth-order cumulants[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(Sup.):158-164.
[13]Mendel J M.Tutorial on higher-order statistics in signal orocessing and systemtheory[J].Theoretical Results and Some Applications Proc IEEE,1991,79(3):278-305.
[14]Nikias L C,Mendel M J.Signal processing with higher-order spectra[J].IEEE Trans Signal Processing,1993,10(3):10-37.
[15]Tugnait J K.Ti me delay esti mation with unknown spatially correlated Gaussian noise[J].IEEE Trans Signal Processing,1993,41(2):549-558.
[16]张贤达.时间序列分析——高阶统计量方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996.ZHANG Xian-da.Ti me sequence analysis[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1996.
[17]张伟,何卫.柯西-施瓦茨不等式的三种证明[J].重庆教育学院学报,2007,20(3):33-34.ZHANG Wei,HE Wei.Three proof methods for Cauchy-Schwarz inequality[J].Journal of Chongqing College of Education,2007,20(3):33-34.
[18]陈洁.超宽带雷达信号处理及成像方法研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2007.CHENJie.Research on signal processing andi maging of ultra-wideband radar[D].Beijing:The Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2007.
[2]姚姚.用人工神经网络实现同相轴自动拾取[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(1):111-116.YAO Yao.Automatic seismic event pickup using artificial nerve network[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1994,29(1):111-116.
[3]陆凯文,牟永光.用自组织神经网络实现地震同相轴自动追踪[J].石油物探,1998,37(1):77-83.LU Kai-wen,MOU Yong-guang.Seismic event automatic tracking using self-organizing neural network[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1998,37(1):77-83.
[4]董恩清,朱光明,吴文奎.应用模式识别自动追踪地震剖面同相轴[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,1998,13(2):12-16.DONG En-qing,ZHU Guang-ming,WU Wen-kui.Application of pattern recognition to automatically tracking seismic profile events[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,1998,13(2):12-16.
[5]许建华,王世库,赵廷寿.用链匹配算法自动拾取同相轴[J].石油物探,1990,29(2):13-23.XU Jian-hua,WANG Shi-ku,ZHAO Ting-shou.Picking up the events automatically by chain matching algorithm[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1990,29(2):13-23.
[6]尹成,伍志明,邓怀群.高阶统计量方法在地震勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3):546-550.YIN Cheng,WU Zhi-ming,DENG Huai-qun.Application of high-order statistics in seismic exploration[J].Progress in Geophysics,2003,18(3):546-550.
[7]李志华.高阶统计量方法在地球物理学中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2006,3(5):386-391.LI Zhi-hua.Application of high-order statistics in geophysics[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2006,3(5):386-391.
[8]张贤达.现代信号处理[M].2版.北京:清华大学出版社,2002.ZHANG Xian-da.Model signal processing[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2002.
[9]Tugnait J K.On ti me delay esti mation with unknown spatially correlated Gaussian noise using fourth-order cumulants and cross cumulants[J].IEEE Trans Signal Processing,1991,39(6):1259-1267.
[10]邱天爽,张旭秀,李小兵,等.统计信号处理[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.QI U Tian-shuang,ZHANG Xu-xiu,LI Xiao-bing,et al.Statistics signal processing[M].Beijing:Publishing Hourse of Electronics Industry Press,2004.
[11]尹成,熊晓军,张白林,等.四阶累积量在剩余静校正中的应用研究[J].天然气工业,2004,24(12):48-50.YIN Cheng,XIONG Xiao-jun,ZHANG Bai-lin,et al.Application of fourth-order cumulant in residual static correction[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(12):48-50.
[12]熊晓军,尹成,张白林,等.基于四阶互累积量的小断层自动识别方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(增刊):158-164.XIONG Xiao-jun,YIN Cheng,ZHANG Bai-lin,et al.A method of automatic small faults identification based on cross-fourth-order cumulants[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(Sup.):158-164.
[13]Mendel J M.Tutorial on higher-order statistics in signal orocessing and systemtheory[J].Theoretical Results and Some Applications Proc IEEE,1991,79(3):278-305.
[14]Nikias L C,Mendel M J.Signal processing with higher-order spectra[J].IEEE Trans Signal Processing,1993,10(3):10-37.
[15]Tugnait J K.Ti me delay esti mation with unknown spatially correlated Gaussian noise[J].IEEE Trans Signal Processing,1993,41(2):549-558.
[16]张贤达.时间序列分析——高阶统计量方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996.ZHANG Xian-da.Ti me sequence analysis[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1996.
[17]张伟,何卫.柯西-施瓦茨不等式的三种证明[J].重庆教育学院学报,2007,20(3):33-34.ZHANG Wei,HE Wei.Three proof methods for Cauchy-Schwarz inequality[J].Journal of Chongqing College of Education,2007,20(3):33-34.
[18]陈洁.超宽带雷达信号处理及成像方法研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2007.CHENJie.Research on signal processing andi maging of ultra-wideband radar[D].Beijing:The Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2007.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心