Gabor-Morlet小波变换分频技术及其在碳酸盐岩储层预测中的应用
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摘要
地震分频技术可以刻画碳酸盐岩储层中由缝洞引起的地震反射频率特征。常规小波变换频谱分解技术使用的是尺度参数,难以与频率参数直接对应,其结果的地质含义不够明确。Gabor-Morlet小波变换直接使用频率参数,能更有效地突出信号的局部特征。塔中地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩有效储集空间以次生孔、洞和裂缝为主,基质孔隙度低、渗透性较差,储层的非均质性极强,用常规地震属性方法不能有效地描述储层的分布特征。为此,分别利用常规小波变换和Gabor-Morlet小波变换谱分解技术对塔中地区奥陶系良里塔格组碳酸盐岩储层进行了预测,并将两种方法的预测结果与钻井数据进行了对比分析,结果表明,基于Gabor-Morlet小波变换的频谱分解技术储层预测结果与实际钻井数据的吻合率在90%以上。
Seismic spectral decomposition technique can describe the characteristics of seismic reflection frequency caused by fractures and caves in carbonate reservoirs.Conventional wavelet transform spectral decomposition methods use scale parameters,which is difficult to directly correspond with frequency parameters,and cannot give clear geological significance.On the other hand,Gabor-Morlet wavelet transform directly utilizes frequency parameters,so the local characteristics of signal can be more effectively protruded.The effective reservoir space of Ordovician carbonate reservoir in central Tarim Basin is mainly of secondary pores,caves and fractures,the matrix has low porosity and relatively poor permeability,and the reservoirs has strong heterogeneity.Therefore,conventional seismic attribute methods cannot effectively describe the distribution characteristics of reservoirs.So we applied conventional wavelet transform and Gabor-Morlet wavelet transform spectral decomposition technique to predict the Ordovician Lianglitage carbonate reservoir in central Tarim Basin.Then,the results of the two methods were compared to drilling data,which indicates that the coincide ratio between the reservoir prediction results by the spectral decomposition technique based on Gabor-Morlet wavelet transform and actual drilling data reaches above 90%.
Seismic spectral decomposition technique can describe the characteristics of seismic reflection frequency caused by fractures and caves in carbonate reservoirs.Conventional wavelet transform spectral decomposition methods use scale parameters,which is difficult to directly correspond with frequency parameters,and cannot give clear geological significance.On the other hand,Gabor-Morlet wavelet transform directly utilizes frequency parameters,so the local characteristics of signal can be more effectively protruded.The effective reservoir space of Ordovician carbonate reservoir in central Tarim Basin is mainly of secondary pores,caves and fractures,the matrix has low porosity and relatively poor permeability,and the reservoirs has strong heterogeneity.Therefore,conventional seismic attribute methods cannot effectively describe the distribution characteristics of reservoirs.So we applied conventional wavelet transform and Gabor-Morlet wavelet transform spectral decomposition technique to predict the Ordovician Lianglitage carbonate reservoir in central Tarim Basin.Then,the results of the two methods were compared to drilling data,which indicates that the coincide ratio between the reservoir prediction results by the spectral decomposition technique based on Gabor-Morlet wavelet transform and actual drilling data reaches above 90%.
引文
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[3]叶泰然,苏锦义,刘兴艳,等.分频解释技术在川西砂岩储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(1): 72-76
[4]Burnett M D,Castagna J P,et al.Application of spectral decomposition to gas basins in Mexico[J]. The Leading Edge,2003,22(11 ):1130-1134
[5]Chakraborty A,Okaya D.Frequency-time decomposition of seismic data using wavelet-based methods [J].Geophysics,1995,60(6):1906-1916
[6]王西文,刘全新,赵应成,等.地震信号瞬时特征在小波域分频提取的方法和应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(4):452 460
[7]高静怀,汪文秉,朱光明.小波变换与信号瞬时特征分析[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(6):821-832
[8]王西文,杨孔庆,刘全新,等.基于小波变换的地震相干体算法的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37 (4):328-331
[9]苑书金.非正交小波变换的频谱分解技术在大牛地气田储层预测中的应用[J].天然气工业,2007,27 (12):52-54
[10]孙夕平.非正交小波谱分解技术的研究和应用[J].中国石油勘探,2006,11(4):74-79
[11]陈志海,戴勇,郎兆新.缝洞性碳酸盐岩油藏储渗模式及其开采特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(3): 101-105
[12]Taner M T,Treitel S.A robust method for Q estimation [J].Expanded Abstracts of 73~(rd) Annual SEG Mtg,2003,1105-1109
[13]Dasgupta R,Clark R A.Estimation of Q from surface seismic reflection data[J].Geophysics,1998,63 (6):2120-2128
[14]李明,李守林,赵一民.塔里木盆地某地区碳酸盐岩裂缝储层预测研究[J].石油物探,2000,39(2): 24-35
[15]张抗,王大锐,Huff B G.塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系油气藏储集层特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31 (1):123-126
[16]王士敏,鲁新便.塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层预测技术[J].石油物探,2004,43(2):153-158
[17]代双河,田兵,韩宇春.基质孔隙型碳酸盐岩储层预测技术及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(6): 681-686
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