LD区块地震资料噪声特征分析与压制
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摘要
LD区块浅层含气范围很广,中深层是高温高压富集区,且地震噪声复杂,使得地震资料信噪比低,资料品质低,严重影响后续资料处理和解释的精度。本文首先采用频谱分析、自相关等技术分析了该区影响地震资料品质的地质因素和噪声特点,并发现常规压制噪声技术在靶区适应性差。为此,本文提出一套以复合多域多变换多层次去噪方法压制LD区块噪声的高精度高保真技术系列。该技术系列分别采用了复合多域去噪、多变换去噪、叠前叠后去噪等手段,对地震资料进行处理。处理结果表明,用文中提出的方法去噪,能在保持有效信号的前提下,最大可能地消除噪声。
In LD block gas is contained widely in the shallow layer and in the mid-deep layer high temperature and high pressure are centered.Also the seismic noise is complex,so the seismic data are of low-signal-noise ratio and the data quality is very low,which seriously influenced the following data processing and interpretation precision.In this paper,we first applied the spectral analysis and the relevant technique to analyzing the geological factors and the noise features of the seismic data quality in LD block.and we found that the common noise suppression technique is not suitable to the target block.Therefore we put forward a set of high-accuracy and high fidelity technology with integrated multi-domain denoising,multi-transformation denoising and multi-prestack and poststack denoising to process the seismic data.The result shows that the new method discussed in this paper can be most likely to eliminate the noise in the condition of keeping the valid signal.
In LD block gas is contained widely in the shallow layer and in the mid-deep layer high temperature and high pressure are centered.Also the seismic noise is complex,so the seismic data are of low-signal-noise ratio and the data quality is very low,which seriously influenced the following data processing and interpretation precision.In this paper,we first applied the spectral analysis and the relevant technique to analyzing the geological factors and the noise features of the seismic data quality in LD block.and we found that the common noise suppression technique is not suitable to the target block.Therefore we put forward a set of high-accuracy and high fidelity technology with integrated multi-domain denoising,multi-transformation denoising and multi-prestack and poststack denoising to process the seismic data.The result shows that the new method discussed in this paper can be most likely to eliminate the noise in the condition of keeping the valid signal.
引文
[1]张军华,吕宁,田连玉,等.地震资料去噪方法技术综合评述[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):546～553.
[2]李振勇,姜浩,李东升.海洋地展数据处理技术探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(增刊):8～13.
[3]李来林,魏大力.LTFT去噪方法在地震资料处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(2):193～195.
[4]张亚斌.焉香盆地低信噪比地震资料处理方法[J].石油物探,2004,43(2):185～187.
[5]马义忠,于更新,符力耘.复杂地表低信噪比地震数据处理研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(6):1849～1858.
[6]Taner M T.Long-period sea-floor multiples and their suppression[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1980,28(1):30～48.
[7]Wiggins J W.Attenuation of complex water-bottom multiples by wave-equation-based prediction and subtraction[J].Geophysics,1988,53(12):1527～1539.
[8]王汝珍.多次波识别与衰减[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(5～6):421～432.
[9]罗小佳,朱仕军,刘二军.最优化相似加权Radon变换压制多次波[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(3):186～188.
[10]万欢.高保真多次波剔除法及其在海上地震资料处理中的应用[J].中国海上油气,2005,17(3):163～166.
[11]武克奋.双向预测法压制线性干扰波和多次波[J].石油物探,2005,45(1):70～73.
[12]甘其刚,彭大钧.叠前时空域线性干扰的衰减及应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(2):123～125.
[2]李振勇,姜浩,李东升.海洋地展数据处理技术探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(增刊):8～13.
[3]李来林,魏大力.LTFT去噪方法在地震资料处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(2):193～195.
[4]张亚斌.焉香盆地低信噪比地震资料处理方法[J].石油物探,2004,43(2):185～187.
[5]马义忠,于更新,符力耘.复杂地表低信噪比地震数据处理研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(6):1849～1858.
[6]Taner M T.Long-period sea-floor multiples and their suppression[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1980,28(1):30～48.
[7]Wiggins J W.Attenuation of complex water-bottom multiples by wave-equation-based prediction and subtraction[J].Geophysics,1988,53(12):1527～1539.
[8]王汝珍.多次波识别与衰减[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(5～6):421～432.
[9]罗小佳,朱仕军,刘二军.最优化相似加权Radon变换压制多次波[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(3):186～188.
[10]万欢.高保真多次波剔除法及其在海上地震资料处理中的应用[J].中国海上油气,2005,17(3):163～166.
[11]武克奋.双向预测法压制线性干扰波和多次波[J].石油物探,2005,45(1):70～73.
[12]甘其刚,彭大钧.叠前时空域线性干扰的衰减及应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(2):123～125.
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