海拉尔盆地及盆缘露头区典型构造样式及变形序列
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摘要
通过野外系统地质调查和实测地质剖面研究,在海拉尔盆地内部及其周边地区识别出盆地基底大型伸展变形带、盆地伸展构造和盆地挤压构造3类构造样式。其中:盆地基底大型伸展变形带包括额尔古纳韧性剪切带和嵯岗构造片麻岩带;盆地伸展构造样式以海拉尔市北部日军要塞堑垒、断阶构造、追踪张性断层和灵泉露天煤矿大型正断层为代表;盆地挤压构造样式以头站旅店逆冲断层、灵泉露天煤矿断褶带、伊敏露天煤矿顶厚褶皱和大型同沉积褶皱为代表。在构造样式形成时代研究的基础上,结合前人地震剖面解释成果,认为海拉尔盆地由老至新至少经历了6期重要的构造变形事件,即晚侏罗世—早白垩世早期盆地基底大规模伸展、下白垩统铜钵庙组沉积期强烈断陷、下白垩统南屯组沉积后挤压反转、大磨拐河组二段—伊敏组沉积期伸展拗陷、伊敏组沉积之后至上白垩统青元岗组沉积之前强烈挤压、青元岗组沉积期同沉积挤压。6期变形事件由老至新组成了海拉尔盆地较为完整的变形序列。
Three kinds of structural styles,including large extensional deformation zones at the basement of Hailaer basin,basin extensional structure and basin compressive structure,are identified in the outcrop area of Hailaer basin and around its margin through systematic field geological survey and the synthetic study of the measured geological sections.The large extensional deformation zones at the basement of Hailaer basin include Eerguna ductile shear zone and Cuogang tectonic gneiss zone.The basin extensional structures include the horst and graben,fault terrace structures and trace tension faults to the north of Hailaer and the large normal faults in Lingquan open coal mine.The basin compressive structures include the thrust faults in Touzhan hotel,the faulted and fold zones in Lingquan open coal mine and the top thick and large syn-depositional folds in the Yimin open coal mine.Based on the study on the Formation time of various structural styles and the geological interpretation of seismic profiles of Halaer basin,it is thought that Halaer basin has undergone the following six periods of important deformation events,namely,large-scale extension activity at the basement of Hailaer basin in the Late Jurassic-early period of Early Cretaceous;the strong fault depression in the sedimentary period of Tongbomiao Formation of the Early Cretaceous,the compressive tectonic inversion after the sedimentation of Nantun Formation in the Early Cretaceous,the extension depression in the sedimentary period of Yimin Formation,the strong compressive function after the sedimentation of Yimin Formation in the Early Cretaceous and before the sedimentation of Qingyuangang Formation of the Upper Cretaceous and the syn-depositional compression during the deposition period of Qingyuangang Formation.Above six major deformational events make up formed a relatively complete tectonic deformation sequence of Halaer basin.
Three kinds of structural styles,including large extensional deformation zones at the basement of Hailaer basin,basin extensional structure and basin compressive structure,are identified in the outcrop area of Hailaer basin and around its margin through systematic field geological survey and the synthetic study of the measured geological sections.The large extensional deformation zones at the basement of Hailaer basin include Eerguna ductile shear zone and Cuogang tectonic gneiss zone.The basin extensional structures include the horst and graben,fault terrace structures and trace tension faults to the north of Hailaer and the large normal faults in Lingquan open coal mine.The basin compressive structures include the thrust faults in Touzhan hotel,the faulted and fold zones in Lingquan open coal mine and the top thick and large syn-depositional folds in the Yimin open coal mine.Based on the study on the Formation time of various structural styles and the geological interpretation of seismic profiles of Halaer basin,it is thought that Halaer basin has undergone the following six periods of important deformation events,namely,large-scale extension activity at the basement of Hailaer basin in the Late Jurassic-early period of Early Cretaceous;the strong fault depression in the sedimentary period of Tongbomiao Formation of the Early Cretaceous,the compressive tectonic inversion after the sedimentation of Nantun Formation in the Early Cretaceous,the extension depression in the sedimentary period of Yimin Formation,the strong compressive function after the sedimentation of Yimin Formation in the Early Cretaceous and before the sedimentation of Qingyuangang Formation of the Upper Cretaceous and the syn-depositional compression during the deposition period of Qingyuangang Formation.Above six major deformational events make up formed a relatively complete tectonic deformation sequence of Halaer basin.
引文
①朱德丰,李春柏,陈均亮,等.海拉尔盆地油气聚集规律与勘探突破方向研究.大庆:大庆油田勘探开发研究院,2005.
①朱德丰,李春柏,陈均亮,等.海拉尔盆地油气聚集规律与勘探突破方向研究.大庆:大庆油田勘探开发研究院,2005.
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[1]姚超,焦贵浩,王同和,等,中国含油气构造样式[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:228.YAO Chao,JIAO Gui-hao,WANG Tong-he,et al.Thepetroleum tectonic styles in China[M].Beijing:Petro-leum Industry Press,2004:228.
[2]张晓东,刘光鼎,王家林.海拉尔盆地的构造特征及其构造演化[J].石油实验地质,1994,16(2):119-127.ZHANG Xiao-dong,LIU Guang-ding,WANG Jia-lin.Structural characters of the Hailar basin and its geologicalevolution[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,1994,16(2):119-127.
[3]陈均亮,吴河勇,朱德丰,等.海拉尔盆地构造演化及油气勘探前景[J].地质科学,2007,42(1):147-159.CHEN Jun-liang,WU He-Yong,ZHU De-feng,et al.Tectonic evolution of the Hailaer basin and its potentialsof oil-gas exploration[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2007,42(1):147-159.
[4]刘志宏,柳行军,王芃,等.海拉尔盆地乌尔逊—贝尔凹陷挤压构造的发现及其地质意义[J].地学前缘,2009,16(4):138-146.LIU Zhi-hong,LIU Hang-jun,WANG Peng,et al.Disco-very of compressional structure in Wuerxun-Beier sag inHailar basin and its geological significance[J].EarthScience Frontiers,2009,16(4):138-146.
[5]刘志宏,万传彪,任延广,等.海拉尔盆地乌尔逊—贝尔凹陷的地质特征及油气成藏规律[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2006,36(4):527-534.LIU Zhi-hong,WAN Chuan-biao,REN Yan-guang,et al.Geological features and rule of oil and gas accumulationof Urxun-Beier depression in Hailar basin[J].Journalof Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2006,36(4):527-534.
[6]曹瑞成,朱德丰,陈均亮,等.海拉尔—塔木察格盆地构造演化特征[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2009,28(5):39-43.CAO Rui-cheng,ZHU De-feng,CHEN Jun-liang,et al.Structural evolution features of Hailaer-Tamtsag basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development inDaqing,2009,28(5):39-43.
[7]李占东,张明学,胡玉双,等.海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷构造演化及其对油气控制[J].科学技术与工程,2010,10(9):2066-2074,2078.LI Zhan-dong,ZHANG Ming-xue,HU Yu-shuang,et al.Characteristics of fault structure and its control to hydro-carbon in Beier depression[J].Science Technology andEngineering,2010,10(9):2066-2074,2078.
[8]沈华,李春柏,陈发景,等.伸展断陷盆地的演化特征:以海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷为例[J].现代地质,2005,19(2):287-294.SHEN Hua,LI Chun-bai,CHEN Fa-jing,et al.Evolutioncharacteristics of extensional faulted depression basin:anexample from Beier depression in Hailaer basin[J].Geo-science,2005,19(2):287-294.
[9]王雪峰,李忠权,蒙启安,等.构造因素对地震剖面视频率的影响:以海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷为例[J].石油实验地质,2010,32(1):87-92.WANG Xue-feng,LI Zhong-quan,MENG Qi-an,et al.The effect of structural factor on apparent frequency onthe seismic profile:an example from Wuerxun sag of theHailaer basin[J].Petrolenm Geology&Experiment,2010,32(1):87-92.
[10]内蒙古地质矿产局.内蒙古自治区区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1991:237-300.Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Inner Mon-golia Province.Regional geology of Inner Mongolia Pro-vince[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1991:237-300.
[11]郑常青,周建波,金巍,等.大兴安岭地区德尔布干断裂带北段构造年代学研究[J].岩石学报,2009,25(8):1989-2000.ZHENG Chang-qing,ZHOU Jian-bo,JIN Wei,et al.Geochronology in the north segment of the Derbuganfault zone,Great Xing’an range,NE China[J].ActaPetrologica Sinica,2009,25(8):1989-2000.
[12]刘正宏,徐仲元,杨振升,等.变质构造岩类型及其特征[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2007,37(1):24-30.LIU Zheng-hong,XU Zhong-yuan,YANG Zhen-sheng,et al.Metamorphic tectonite types and their characteris-tics[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edi-tion,2007,37(1):24-30.
[13]刘正宏,徐仲元,王可勇.大青山高级变质岩中复晶石英条带成因的显微构造和流体包裹体证据[J].中国科学:D辑,2007,37(4):488-494.LIU Zheng-hong,XU Zhong-yuan,WANG Ke-yong.Evidence of microstructure and fluid inclusion of originof multi-crystal quartz band in high-grade metamorphicrock in Daqingshan area[J].Science in China:SeriesD,2007,(4):488-494.
[14]杨振升,徐仲元,刘正宏,等.高级变质区地质调查与综合研究方法[M].北京:地质出版社,2008:61-93.YANG Zhen-sheng,XU Zhong-yuan,LIU Zheng-hong,et al.The geological survey and comprehensive studytechnique of the high-grade metamorphic terrain[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2008:61-93.
[15]胡玲.显微构造地质学概论[M].北京:地质出版社,1998:109-116.HU Ling.Microstructure geology conspectus[M].Bei-jing:Geological Publishing House,1998:109-116.
[16]何绍勋,段嘉瑞,刘继顺,等.韧性剪切带与成矿[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:1-98.HE Shao-xun,DUAN Jia-rui,LIU Ji-shun,et al.Duc-tile shear zone and mineralization[M].Beijing:Geo-logical Publishing House,1996:1-98.
[17]Zhang J H,Ge W C,Wu F Y,et al.Large-scale EarlyCretaceous volcanic events in the northern Great Xing’an range,Northeastern China[J].Lithos,2008,102:138-157.
[18]Wang F,Zhou X H,Zhang L C,et al.Late mesozoicvolcanism in the Great Xing’an range(NE China):timing and implications for the dynamic setting of NEAsia[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2006,251:179-198.
[19]Zorin Y A.Geodynamics of the western part of the Mon-golia-Okhotsk collisional belt,Trans-Baikal region(Russia)and Mongolia[J].Tectonophysics,1999,306:33-56.
[20]Dongskaya T V,Windley B F,Mazukabzov A M,et al.Age and evolution of Late Mesozoic metamorphic corecomplexes in southern Siberia and Northern Mongolia[J].Journal of the Geological Society,2008,165:405-421.
[21]张晓东,余青,陈发景,等.松辽盆地变质核杂岩和伸展断陷的构造特征及成因[J].地学前缘,2000,7(4):411-419.ZHANG Xiao-dong,YU Qing,CHEN Fa-jing,et al.Structural characteristics and origin of metamorphic corecomplex and faulted depression in Songliao basin,Northeast,China[J].Earth Science Frotiers,2000,7(4):411-419.
[22]邵济安,张履桥,贾文,等.内蒙古喀喇沁变质核杂岩及其隆升机制探讨[J].岩石学报,2001,17(2):283-290.SHAO Ji-an,ZHANG L-qiao,JIA Wen,et al.Harkinmetamorphic core complex in Inner Mongolia and its up-welling mechanism[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2001,17(2):283-290.
[23]赵海滨,莫宣学,徐受民,等.黑龙江新开岭变质核杂岩的组成及其演化[J].地质科学,2007,42(1):176-188.ZHAO Hai-bin,MO Xuan-xue,XU Shou-min,et al.Composition and evolution of the Xinkailing metamorphiccore complexes in Heilongjiang Province[J].ChineseJournal of Geology,2007,42(1):176-188.
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