利用零偏VSP直达波提取品质因子方法研究
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摘要
地层对地震波的衰减性质通常用品质因子来度量。针对零偏VSP资料的特点,利用其不同传播距离的直达波信息,采用频谱比值方法进行品质因子的提取,并分析了信噪比对品质因子提取结果的影响。地震资料噪音水平越高,可以利用的频谱比值计算范围越小,计算误差越大。对理想子波和实际模型零偏VSP资料的处理结果表明了该方法的有效性和可靠性。利用垦71-检41井零偏VSP资料求取了品质因子随深度的变化,结果与对应的地层性质吻合较好,并且随着深度的增加,品质因子提取的可靠性逐渐增强。这为利用品质因子研究储层性质以及进行反Q滤波提高地震资料分辨率提供了基础参数。
The Attenuation of seismic wave propagating in formation can be characterized by quality factors Q.Based on the characters of zero offset vertical seismic profile,the average Q is estimated from the direct waves by using the spectrum ratio method,and the effect of signal to noise ratio to Q estimation is analyzed.The results of the Q estimation from the theoretical wavelet and the zero offset vertical seismic profile of the forward model show the reliability.The Q of the formation is estimated from the zero offset vertical seismic profile of Jian41 well by means of spectrum ratio method,which provides the practical method to study the attenuation of formation and to enhance the resolving power of surface seismic data utilizing the inverse Q filter.
The Attenuation of seismic wave propagating in formation can be characterized by quality factors Q.Based on the characters of zero offset vertical seismic profile,the average Q is estimated from the direct waves by using the spectrum ratio method,and the effect of signal to noise ratio to Q estimation is analyzed.The results of the Q estimation from the theoretical wavelet and the zero offset vertical seismic profile of the forward model show the reliability.The Q of the formation is estimated from the zero offset vertical seismic profile of Jian41 well by means of spectrum ratio method,which provides the practical method to study the attenuation of formation and to enhance the resolving power of surface seismic data utilizing the inverse Q filter.
引文
[1]马昭军,刘洋.地震波衰减反演综述[J].地球物理学进展, 2005,20(4):1074-1082.
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[3]徐彦,苏有锦,秦嘉政.Q值研究动态[J].地震研究,2004,27 (4):385-389.
[4]赵一民,汤达祯,边树涛.地震频谱衰减属性在松辽盆地南部深层火山岩气藏预测中的应用[J].油气地质与采收率,2009, 16(2):46-49.
[5]朱光明,黄翼坚.油气田勘探开发阶段高分辨率零偏移距VSP技术[J].地球科学与环境学报,2008,30(4):416-419.
[6]Tonn R.The determination of the seismic quality factor Q from VSP data:A comparison of different computational methods[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1991,39(1):1-27.
[7]Zhang C J,Ulrych T J.Estimation of quality factors from CMP records [J].Geophysics,2002,67(5):1 542-1 547.
[8]赵伟,葛艳.利用零偏移距VSP资料在小波域计算介质Q值[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4):1202-1208.
[9]高静怀,杨森林.利用零偏移VSP资料估计介质品质因子方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1198-1209.
[10]宫同举,孙成禹,彭洪超,等.几种提取品质因子方法的对比分析[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(4):252-256.
[2]王辉,常旭,刘伊克,等.时间域相邻道地震波衰减成像研究[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(3):396-403.
[3]徐彦,苏有锦,秦嘉政.Q值研究动态[J].地震研究,2004,27 (4):385-389.
[4]赵一民,汤达祯,边树涛.地震频谱衰减属性在松辽盆地南部深层火山岩气藏预测中的应用[J].油气地质与采收率,2009, 16(2):46-49.
[5]朱光明,黄翼坚.油气田勘探开发阶段高分辨率零偏移距VSP技术[J].地球科学与环境学报,2008,30(4):416-419.
[6]Tonn R.The determination of the seismic quality factor Q from VSP data:A comparison of different computational methods[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1991,39(1):1-27.
[7]Zhang C J,Ulrych T J.Estimation of quality factors from CMP records [J].Geophysics,2002,67(5):1 542-1 547.
[8]赵伟,葛艳.利用零偏移距VSP资料在小波域计算介质Q值[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4):1202-1208.
[9]高静怀,杨森林.利用零偏移VSP资料估计介质品质因子方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1198-1209.
[10]宫同举,孙成禹,彭洪超,等.几种提取品质因子方法的对比分析[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(4):252-256.
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