井孔高分辨率Radon变换算子研究
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摘要
本文针对井间和3D VSP波场的线性特征,研究井孔地震波场线性高分辨率Radon变换算子,用于井孔地震波场分析与纵横波分离.在Radon变换原理分析基础上,采用基于柯西分布的高分辨率线性Radon变换对井孔数据进行Radon变换,其间通过对离散倾角叠加算子求取的研究,及对影响Radon能量收敛的重要参数阻尼因子算法的改进,使数据在Radon域以能量团的形式呈现,得到很好的收敛效果,基本解决了Radon域数据的一定程度的拖尾现象,消除了各能量团之间的平滑效应,采用柯西分布来规则化数据,提高了Radon域的分辨率,Radon域能量也收敛到一个点上,有利于上下行波或纵横波波场分离.最后通过反演结果和模型试算验证了该方法的可行性和稳定性.
According to apparent linear wavefield of crosswell and 3D VSP, we study the application of high resolution Radon transform to crosswell layout.In view of crosswell and 3D VSP layout, we use high resolution Radon transform based on Cauchy distribution to perform Radon transform for hole data.In this process, we study discrete dip overlay operator, improve damping factor that affects Radon energy convergence in order to let Radon energy converge, 6 resolve leggy in Radon data, and decouple smoothing effect among each energy group, we use Cauchy distribution to regularize data, let energy focus on one point, and improve Radon resolution.All these work well in wavefield separation.Finally, by inversion results and model trial, we verify the feasibility and stability of this method.
According to apparent linear wavefield of crosswell and 3D VSP, we study the application of high resolution Radon transform to crosswell layout.In view of crosswell and 3D VSP layout, we use high resolution Radon transform based on Cauchy distribution to perform Radon transform for hole data.In this process, we study discrete dip overlay operator, improve damping factor that affects Radon energy convergence in order to let Radon energy converge, 6 resolve leggy in Radon data, and decouple smoothing effect among each energy group, we use Cauchy distribution to regularize data, let energy focus on one point, and improve Radon resolution.All these work well in wavefield separation.Finally, by inversion results and model trial, we verify the feasibility and stability of this method.
引文
[1] 曹辉,郭全仕,唐全良,等.井间地震资料特点分析[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006:29(5) :312～317． Cao H, Guo Q S, Tang Q L, et al.Crosswell seismic data characteristic analysis[J].Progress in Geophysics, 2006:29 (5) : 312～317．
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[4] 张军华,吕宁,田连玉,等.地震资料去噪方法综合评述[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005:40(增刊):121～127． Zhang J H, Lv N, Tian L Y,et al.Seismic data removing noise method comprehensive evaluation[J].Geophysical Prospecting, 2005 : 40(supplement) : 121～127．
[5] 武克奋.双向预测法压制线性干扰波和多次波[J].石油物探,2005:44(5) :458～460． Wu Kefen.Double forecast suppress linear disturbing wave and multi-wave[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2005:44(5) :458～460．
[6] 戚敬华,李萍.利用τ-p变换技术实现多波波长分离[J].煤田地震与勘探,1998,26(5) :54～57． Qi J H.Li P.Using τ-p transformation to realize multiple wavefield separation[J].Coal Seimic and Exploration,1998,26(5) :54～57．
[7] 许世勇,李彦鹏,马在田,等.τ-p变换法波场分离[J].中国海上油气(地质),1999,13(5) :334～334． Xu S Y, Li Y P, Ma Z T, et al.τ-ptransform wavefield separation[J].Chinese Offshore Oil/gas, 1999,13 (5) : 334 ～334．
[8] 孙显义,陈可为,许世勇.采用τ-p变换法进行纵、横波波场分离[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(4) :76～77． Sun X Y, Chen K W, Xu S Y.Using τ-p transformation to achieving P and S wavefield separation[J].Daqing Petroleum Geology and Development, 2002,21(4) : 76 ～ 77．
[9] Carswell A, Tang R, Dillistone C, et al.A new method of field separation in VSP data processing[J].Expanded Abstracts of 54~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg, 1984,40～42．
[10] Thorson J R, Claerbout J F.Velocity-stack and slant stack stochastic inversion[J].Geophysics, 1985, 50 (12) : 2727 ～ 2741．
[11] Beylkin G.Discrete radon transform[J].IEEE Trans Acoust, Speech and Signal Processing, 1987,35 (2) : 162 ～ 172．
[12] Orhan Yilmaz M.Thurhan taner.Discrete plane-wave decomposition by least mean-square-error method[J].Geophysics, 1994,59(6) : 973～982．
[13] 李远钦.一种非线性.Radon变换及非零偏移距VSP波场分离[J].石油物探,1994,33(3) :33～39． Li Y Q.one nonlinear Radon transform and offset VSP wavefield separation[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 1994,33(3) :33～39．
[14] 曹务祥,周国安.一种新的波场分离方法[J].石油物探,1997,36(4) :104～109． Cao W X, Zhou G A.New method of wavefield separation[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 1997, 36 (4) : 104～109．
[15] 张秉铭,董敏煜,滕吉文,等.固体液体分界面处P波和S波波场的分离[J].地球物理学进展,1999:14(4) :18～27． Zhang B M, Dong M Y, Teng J W.P and S wave separation in the interface of solid and fluid[J].Progress in Geophysics, 1999 : 14(4) : 18～27．
[16] 刘喜武,刘洪,李幼铭.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(1) :8～15． Liu X W, Liu H, Li Y M.High resolution Radon transform method and application in seismic processing[J].Progress in Geophysics, 2004,19(1) :8～15．
[17] 曾有良,乐有喜,单启铜,等.基于高分辨率Radon变换的VSP波场分离方法[J].石油物探,2007,46(2) :115～119． Zeng Y L,Yue Y X, Shan Q T, et al.High resolution Radon transform VSP wavefield separation[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum.2007,46(2) : 115～119．
[18] 巩向博,韩立国,牛建军,等.Radon变换在非规则观测系统中波场分离的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(6) :1886～1893． Gong X B, Hang L G, Niu J J, et al.Wavefield decomposition via radon transform in the irregular observation system[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(6) :1886～1893．
[19] 井涌泉.在成像空间中衰减多次波方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(5) :1710～1716． Jing Y Q.The study of multiple attenuation in the imagespace[J].Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(5) :1710～1716．
[20] 陈世军,刘洪,周建宇,等.井间地震技术的现状与展望[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3) :524～529． Chen S J, Liu H, Zhou J Y, et al.Present situation and forecast of cross hole seismic technology[J].Progress in Geophysics, 2003, 18(3) :524～529．
[21] 王维红,首皓,刘洪,等.线性同相轴波场分离的高分辨率τ-p变换法[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1) :74～78． Wang W H, Shou H, Liu H, et al.linear event wavefield separation High resolution τ-ptransform[J].Progress in Geophysics.2006,21 (1) : 74 ～ 78．
[22] Jean-Luc B, Guy C, Pierre H.Wave filed separation in borehole seismic by linear Radon Decomposition[J].SEG Expanded Abstracts, 1998, 272～275．
[23] Deans S R.The Radon transform and some of its applications[M].News York:Jhon Wiley and Sons Inc, 1983．
[24] Gerhard R P,Richard M.Seismic waveform inversion in the frequency domain, Part 2: Fault delineation in sediments using crosshole data[J].Geophysics, 1999, 64 (3) : 902～914．
[25] 张军华,吕宁,雷凌,等.抛物线拉东变换消除多次波的应用因素分析[J].石油地球物理勘探.2004,39(4) :398～405． Zhang J H, Lv N, Lei L, et al.Application factor analysis about parabolic Radon transform eliminating multiple[J].Geophysical Prospecting, 2004,39 (4) : 398～405．
[26] Sacchi M, Ulrych T.High-resolution velocity gathers and offset space reconstruction[J].Geophysics, 1995, 60 (4) : 1169～1177．
[27] Mauricio D S.Aperture Compensated Radon and Fourier Transforms[J].The University of British Columbia, 1996, 53～99．
[28] 陈建平.LU分解递归算法的实现[J].数值计算与计算机应用.2004,12(4) :315～320． Chen J P.LU decomposition recursive algorithm Achievement[J].Numerical Calculation and Computer Application, 2004,12(4) : 315～320．
[29] 张卫红,陈琳,高志凌.肯71井区三维VSP资料波场分离方法应用研究[J].石油物探,2006,45(5) :532～536． Zhang W H, Chen L, Gao Z L.Research on Ken71 3D VSP wavefield separation application[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2006,45 (5) : 532 ～ 536．
[30] Wooil M, Allan C, Roger T, et al.Radon transform wave field separation for vertical seismic profiling data[J].Geophysics, 1986,51(4) : 940～947．
[2] 吴律.τ-p变换及应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993． Wu L.τ-ptransformation and application[M].Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1993．
[3] 左建军.垦71井区井间地震资料处理方法[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007:30(2) :119～122． Zuo J J.Ken 71 block crosswell seismic data process[J].Progress in Geophysics, 2007 : 30(2 : 119～122．
[4] 张军华,吕宁,田连玉,等.地震资料去噪方法综合评述[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005:40(增刊):121～127． Zhang J H, Lv N, Tian L Y,et al.Seismic data removing noise method comprehensive evaluation[J].Geophysical Prospecting, 2005 : 40(supplement) : 121～127．
[5] 武克奋.双向预测法压制线性干扰波和多次波[J].石油物探,2005:44(5) :458～460． Wu Kefen.Double forecast suppress linear disturbing wave and multi-wave[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2005:44(5) :458～460．
[6] 戚敬华,李萍.利用τ-p变换技术实现多波波长分离[J].煤田地震与勘探,1998,26(5) :54～57． Qi J H.Li P.Using τ-p transformation to realize multiple wavefield separation[J].Coal Seimic and Exploration,1998,26(5) :54～57．
[7] 许世勇,李彦鹏,马在田,等.τ-p变换法波场分离[J].中国海上油气(地质),1999,13(5) :334～334． Xu S Y, Li Y P, Ma Z T, et al.τ-ptransform wavefield separation[J].Chinese Offshore Oil/gas, 1999,13 (5) : 334 ～334．
[8] 孙显义,陈可为,许世勇.采用τ-p变换法进行纵、横波波场分离[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(4) :76～77． Sun X Y, Chen K W, Xu S Y.Using τ-p transformation to achieving P and S wavefield separation[J].Daqing Petroleum Geology and Development, 2002,21(4) : 76 ～ 77．
[9] Carswell A, Tang R, Dillistone C, et al.A new method of field separation in VSP data processing[J].Expanded Abstracts of 54~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg, 1984,40～42．
[10] Thorson J R, Claerbout J F.Velocity-stack and slant stack stochastic inversion[J].Geophysics, 1985, 50 (12) : 2727 ～ 2741．
[11] Beylkin G.Discrete radon transform[J].IEEE Trans Acoust, Speech and Signal Processing, 1987,35 (2) : 162 ～ 172．
[12] Orhan Yilmaz M.Thurhan taner.Discrete plane-wave decomposition by least mean-square-error method[J].Geophysics, 1994,59(6) : 973～982．
[13] 李远钦.一种非线性.Radon变换及非零偏移距VSP波场分离[J].石油物探,1994,33(3) :33～39． Li Y Q.one nonlinear Radon transform and offset VSP wavefield separation[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 1994,33(3) :33～39．
[14] 曹务祥,周国安.一种新的波场分离方法[J].石油物探,1997,36(4) :104～109． Cao W X, Zhou G A.New method of wavefield separation[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 1997, 36 (4) : 104～109．
[15] 张秉铭,董敏煜,滕吉文,等.固体液体分界面处P波和S波波场的分离[J].地球物理学进展,1999:14(4) :18～27． Zhang B M, Dong M Y, Teng J W.P and S wave separation in the interface of solid and fluid[J].Progress in Geophysics, 1999 : 14(4) : 18～27．
[16] 刘喜武,刘洪,李幼铭.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(1) :8～15． Liu X W, Liu H, Li Y M.High resolution Radon transform method and application in seismic processing[J].Progress in Geophysics, 2004,19(1) :8～15．
[17] 曾有良,乐有喜,单启铜,等.基于高分辨率Radon变换的VSP波场分离方法[J].石油物探,2007,46(2) :115～119． Zeng Y L,Yue Y X, Shan Q T, et al.High resolution Radon transform VSP wavefield separation[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum.2007,46(2) : 115～119．
[18] 巩向博,韩立国,牛建军,等.Radon变换在非规则观测系统中波场分离的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(6) :1886～1893． Gong X B, Hang L G, Niu J J, et al.Wavefield decomposition via radon transform in the irregular observation system[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(6) :1886～1893．
[19] 井涌泉.在成像空间中衰减多次波方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(5) :1710～1716． Jing Y Q.The study of multiple attenuation in the imagespace[J].Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(5) :1710～1716．
[20] 陈世军,刘洪,周建宇,等.井间地震技术的现状与展望[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3) :524～529． Chen S J, Liu H, Zhou J Y, et al.Present situation and forecast of cross hole seismic technology[J].Progress in Geophysics, 2003, 18(3) :524～529．
[21] 王维红,首皓,刘洪,等.线性同相轴波场分离的高分辨率τ-p变换法[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1) :74～78． Wang W H, Shou H, Liu H, et al.linear event wavefield separation High resolution τ-ptransform[J].Progress in Geophysics.2006,21 (1) : 74 ～ 78．
[22] Jean-Luc B, Guy C, Pierre H.Wave filed separation in borehole seismic by linear Radon Decomposition[J].SEG Expanded Abstracts, 1998, 272～275．
[23] Deans S R.The Radon transform and some of its applications[M].News York:Jhon Wiley and Sons Inc, 1983．
[24] Gerhard R P,Richard M.Seismic waveform inversion in the frequency domain, Part 2: Fault delineation in sediments using crosshole data[J].Geophysics, 1999, 64 (3) : 902～914．
[25] 张军华,吕宁,雷凌,等.抛物线拉东变换消除多次波的应用因素分析[J].石油地球物理勘探.2004,39(4) :398～405． Zhang J H, Lv N, Lei L, et al.Application factor analysis about parabolic Radon transform eliminating multiple[J].Geophysical Prospecting, 2004,39 (4) : 398～405．
[26] Sacchi M, Ulrych T.High-resolution velocity gathers and offset space reconstruction[J].Geophysics, 1995, 60 (4) : 1169～1177．
[27] Mauricio D S.Aperture Compensated Radon and Fourier Transforms[J].The University of British Columbia, 1996, 53～99．
[28] 陈建平.LU分解递归算法的实现[J].数值计算与计算机应用.2004,12(4) :315～320． Chen J P.LU decomposition recursive algorithm Achievement[J].Numerical Calculation and Computer Application, 2004,12(4) : 315～320．
[29] 张卫红,陈琳,高志凌.肯71井区三维VSP资料波场分离方法应用研究[J].石油物探,2006,45(5) :532～536． Zhang W H, Chen L, Gao Z L.Research on Ken71 3D VSP wavefield separation application[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2006,45 (5) : 532 ～ 536．
[30] Wooil M, Allan C, Roger T, et al.Radon transform wave field separation for vertical seismic profiling data[J].Geophysics, 1986,51(4) : 940～947．
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