相位拟合法的去调谐效应研究
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摘要
由于薄层的调谐效应直接影响真振幅地震资料解释,因此,本文提出一种去调谐振幅的新方法—相位拟合法,利用相位信息去除薄层的调谐效应从而获得与地下岩石物理性质直接相关的反射振幅.从第1类AVO实例以及实际地震资料的处理效果图证实该方法可以得到令人满意的去调谐振幅值,而且该方法能够不受地震子波类型和相位的约束,可以处理调谐地层的去调谐难题,并且,具有较弱的噪音敏感特点.
Detuning effect in thin beds is a tough issue in seismic amplitude interpretation.This paper suggests a new method,named the phase fitting method from the view of phase information striving for getting rid of tuning effect in thin beds.The purpose of our work is to get those true seismic amplitudes related to rock properties back.We take class an 1 AVO case and real seismic data set as examples to validate this new method.The results we get are acceptable and encouraging.The key of the new method is that the method has characteristics of non-wavelet limit, large range of depth and weak sensitive to noise.
Detuning effect in thin beds is a tough issue in seismic amplitude interpretation.This paper suggests a new method,named the phase fitting method from the view of phase information striving for getting rid of tuning effect in thin beds.The purpose of our work is to get those true seismic amplitudes related to rock properties back.We take class an 1 AVO case and real seismic data set as examples to validate this new method.The results we get are acceptable and encouraging.The key of the new method is that the method has characteristics of non-wavelet limit, large range of depth and weak sensitive to noise.
引文
[1] Hilterman F J. Seismic amplitude interpretation [M]. Society of exploration geophysicists, 2001, 3． 1 ～ 3． 6．
[2] 柏冠军,吴汉宁,赵希刚,等.地震资料预测薄层厚度方法研究与应用[J].地球物理学进展.2006,21(2) :554～558． Bai G J, Wu H N, Zhao X G. Research on prediction of thin bed thickness using seismic data and its application [J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2006,21(2) : 554～558．
[3] Rojas M, Han D H. Tuning effect on fluid properties estimated from AVO inversion: 74th Annual international meeting[C]. SEG Expanded Abstract, 2005, 1465～ 1468．
[4] Bakke N E, Ursin B. Thin-bed AVO effects[J]. Geophysical Prospecting, 1998,46 : 571～587．
[5] Chung H M, Lawton D C. Frequency characteristics of seismic reflections from thin beds[J]. Canadian journal ofexploration geophysics, 1995, 31:32～37．
[6] Chung H M, Lawton D C. A quantitative study of the effects of tuning on AVO effects for thin beds[J]. Canadian Journal of Exploration Geophysics, 1999, 35 : 36～42．
[7] Puryear C I, Castagna J P. An algorithm for calculation of bed thickness and reflection coefficients from amplitude spectrum: 76th Annual international meeting [C]. SEG Expanded Abstract, 2006, 1767～1770．
[8] Maria Rojas, Dehua Han. Tuning effect on fluid properties estimated from AVO inversion[C]. SEG Expanded Abstracts, 2005, 24:1465～1469．
[9] Vaughn Ball. Thin bed tuning analysis using AVO stratigraphy methods[C]. SEG Expanded abstracts, 1988,7 : 1213～1218．
[10] Widess M B. How thin is a thin bed[J]. Geophysics, 1973, 38:1176～1180．
[11] 高静怀,汪玲玲,赵伟.基于反射地震记录变子波模型提高地震记录分辨率[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(5) :1289～1330． Gao J H, Wang L L, Zhao W. Enhancing resolution of seismic traces based on the changing wavelet model of the seismogram [J]. Chinese J. Geophys, 2009,52(5) :1289～1300．
[12] 孙树海,牛彦良.薄互层条件下AVO技术的应用[J].地球物理学报,1991,34(1) :99～106． Sun S H, Niu Y L. The application of AVO technique under the condition of thin interbed series[J]. Chinese J. Geophys, 1991, 34(1) :99～106．
[13] 唐斌,尹成.基于高阶统计的非最小相位地震子波恢复[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(3) :404～410． Tang B, Yin C. Non-minimum phase seismic wavelet reconstruction based on higher order statistics[J]. Chinese J. Geophys,2001, 44(3) :404～410．
[14] Zeng H L, Backus Milo M. Interpretive advantages of 90°-phase wavelets: Part 1-Modeling[J]. Geophysics, 2005, 70 (3) :7～15．
[15] 李振春,王西萍,韩文功.地震数据处理中的相位校正技术综 述[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3) :768～774． Li Z C, Wang X P, Han W G. Review of phase correction in seismic data processing[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2008,23 (3) :768～774．
[16] Lin L, Phair R. AVO tuning, SEG Expanded Abstract[C]. 1993, 727～730．
[17] Tetyukhina, et al. High resolution thin bed inversion based on the Bayesian approach [C]. EAGE 69th conference ＆ Exhibition, 2007, 357～361．
[18] Gochioco L M. Tuning effect and interference reflections from thin beds and coal seams[J]. Geophysics, 1991, 56(8) : 1288～1295．
[19] Chopra S, Castagna J, Portniaguine O. Seismic resolution and thin-bed reflectivity inversion [C]. CSEG Recorder, 2006,19～25．
[20] Marfurt K J, Kirlin R L. Narrow-band spectral analysis and thin bed tuning[J]. Geophysics, 2001, 66(4) : 1274～1283．
[2] 柏冠军,吴汉宁,赵希刚,等.地震资料预测薄层厚度方法研究与应用[J].地球物理学进展.2006,21(2) :554～558． Bai G J, Wu H N, Zhao X G. Research on prediction of thin bed thickness using seismic data and its application [J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2006,21(2) : 554～558．
[3] Rojas M, Han D H. Tuning effect on fluid properties estimated from AVO inversion: 74th Annual international meeting[C]. SEG Expanded Abstract, 2005, 1465～ 1468．
[4] Bakke N E, Ursin B. Thin-bed AVO effects[J]. Geophysical Prospecting, 1998,46 : 571～587．
[5] Chung H M, Lawton D C. Frequency characteristics of seismic reflections from thin beds[J]. Canadian journal ofexploration geophysics, 1995, 31:32～37．
[6] Chung H M, Lawton D C. A quantitative study of the effects of tuning on AVO effects for thin beds[J]. Canadian Journal of Exploration Geophysics, 1999, 35 : 36～42．
[7] Puryear C I, Castagna J P. An algorithm for calculation of bed thickness and reflection coefficients from amplitude spectrum: 76th Annual international meeting [C]. SEG Expanded Abstract, 2006, 1767～1770．
[8] Maria Rojas, Dehua Han. Tuning effect on fluid properties estimated from AVO inversion[C]. SEG Expanded Abstracts, 2005, 24:1465～1469．
[9] Vaughn Ball. Thin bed tuning analysis using AVO stratigraphy methods[C]. SEG Expanded abstracts, 1988,7 : 1213～1218．
[10] Widess M B. How thin is a thin bed[J]. Geophysics, 1973, 38:1176～1180．
[11] 高静怀,汪玲玲,赵伟.基于反射地震记录变子波模型提高地震记录分辨率[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(5) :1289～1330． Gao J H, Wang L L, Zhao W. Enhancing resolution of seismic traces based on the changing wavelet model of the seismogram [J]. Chinese J. Geophys, 2009,52(5) :1289～1300．
[12] 孙树海,牛彦良.薄互层条件下AVO技术的应用[J].地球物理学报,1991,34(1) :99～106． Sun S H, Niu Y L. The application of AVO technique under the condition of thin interbed series[J]. Chinese J. Geophys, 1991, 34(1) :99～106．
[13] 唐斌,尹成.基于高阶统计的非最小相位地震子波恢复[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(3) :404～410． Tang B, Yin C. Non-minimum phase seismic wavelet reconstruction based on higher order statistics[J]. Chinese J. Geophys,2001, 44(3) :404～410．
[14] Zeng H L, Backus Milo M. Interpretive advantages of 90°-phase wavelets: Part 1-Modeling[J]. Geophysics, 2005, 70 (3) :7～15．
[15] 李振春,王西萍,韩文功.地震数据处理中的相位校正技术综 述[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3) :768～774． Li Z C, Wang X P, Han W G. Review of phase correction in seismic data processing[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2008,23 (3) :768～774．
[16] Lin L, Phair R. AVO tuning, SEG Expanded Abstract[C]. 1993, 727～730．
[17] Tetyukhina, et al. High resolution thin bed inversion based on the Bayesian approach [C]. EAGE 69th conference ＆ Exhibition, 2007, 357～361．
[18] Gochioco L M. Tuning effect and interference reflections from thin beds and coal seams[J]. Geophysics, 1991, 56(8) : 1288～1295．
[19] Chopra S, Castagna J, Portniaguine O. Seismic resolution and thin-bed reflectivity inversion [C]. CSEG Recorder, 2006,19～25．
[20] Marfurt K J, Kirlin R L. Narrow-band spectral analysis and thin bed tuning[J]. Geophysics, 2001, 66(4) : 1274～1283．
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