一种改进的时间域剩余动校正方法
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摘要
在地震数据处理中,剩余动校正量对叠加成像效果有较大的影响,而常规剩余动校正方法由于实现技术上的原因使其应用存在一定的局限性。提出了一种改进型时间域剩余动校正方法,该方法对剩余动校正量的确定与剩余速度无关,而是通过提取同一地震道中不同时刻采样点的剩余时差来获取时移量。方法的基本原理是,建立与地震记录相关的模型道,确定模型道的显著极值点;将经过动、静校正后的CMP道集内各道数据与模型道数据在某一时窗内进行互相关,确定地震道的显著极值点,该点与模型道显著极值点之间的时间差即为剩余动校正量;显著极值点外的数据,则通过拉伸或收缩再整体移动的方法进行校正。应用实例表明,改进的时间域剩余动校正方法可以有效地消除剩余动校正量的影响,提高地震记录的分辨率,改善地震记录的品质。
In seismic data processing,the residual normal moveout has more influence on stack imaging results;however,conventional residual normal moveout methods have some limitations for realization reasons.Aiming at this problem,we put forward to an improved residual normal moveout method in time domain.By using our method,the identification of residual normal moveout is unrelated to residual velocity;instead,the time-shift is obtained through extracting the residual moveout of samples in the same seismic traces at different moment.Firstly,the model traces related to seismic records is built,and the obvious extreme point of model traces is identified.Secondly,model traces data and seismic traces data of CMP gathers after statics and normal moveout are cross-correlated in a time window to identify the obvious extreme point of seismic traces,the time contrast between this point and the obvious extreme point of model traces is residual normal moveout.Besides the obvious extreme points,the other data can be corrected by whole shifting after extension or contraction.The application example shows that our method in time domain can effectively remove the impact on residual normal moveout,improve the resolution and the quality of seismic record.
In seismic data processing,the residual normal moveout has more influence on stack imaging results;however,conventional residual normal moveout methods have some limitations for realization reasons.Aiming at this problem,we put forward to an improved residual normal moveout method in time domain.By using our method,the identification of residual normal moveout is unrelated to residual velocity;instead,the time-shift is obtained through extracting the residual moveout of samples in the same seismic traces at different moment.Firstly,the model traces related to seismic records is built,and the obvious extreme point of model traces is identified.Secondly,model traces data and seismic traces data of CMP gathers after statics and normal moveout are cross-correlated in a time window to identify the obvious extreme point of seismic traces,the time contrast between this point and the obvious extreme point of model traces is residual normal moveout.Besides the obvious extreme points,the other data can be corrected by whole shifting after extension or contraction.The application example shows that our method in time domain can effectively remove the impact on residual normal moveout,improve the resolution and the quality of seismic record.
引文
[1]周绪文.反射波地震勘探方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989:350-366
[2]俞寿朋.高分辨率地震勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993:111-120
[3]渥·伊尔马滋.地震数据处理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994:138-146
[4]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994:76-79
[5]杨红霞,赵改善.21世纪的地震数据处理系统[J].石油物探,2001,13(4):125-140
[6]王鑫,陈新荣.分偏移距动校正技术[J].石油物探, 2003,42(2):212-214
[7]Qian S,Chen D.Joint time-frequency analysis[M]. New jersey,USA:Prentice-Hall Inc,1996:2-9
[8]Hardy H H,Beier R A,Gaston J D.Frequency estimates of seismic traces[J].Geophysics,2003,68(1 ): 370-380
[9]Dunkin J W,Levin F k.Effect of normal moveout on a seismic pulse[J].Geophysics,1973,38(4):635-642
[10]蔡希玲,吕英梅.地震数据时频分析与分频处理[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(4):265-270
[11]苑春方,余钦范,王彦春,等.动校正剩余时差的估计与校正[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):317-320
[12]夏洪瑞,陈德刚,周开明,等.剩余动校正量的拾取与消除[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(6):872-877
[13]李合群,周兴元.时差、常相位校正及加权叠加[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(4):415-418
[14]Rupert G B,Chun J H.The block move sum normal moveout correction[J].Geophysics,1975,40(1 ): 17-24
[15]Shatilo A,Aminzadeh F.Constant normal moveout correction:a technique and test results[J]Geophysical Prospecting,2000,48(4):473-488
[2]俞寿朋.高分辨率地震勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993:111-120
[3]渥·伊尔马滋.地震数据处理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994:138-146
[4]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994:76-79
[5]杨红霞,赵改善.21世纪的地震数据处理系统[J].石油物探,2001,13(4):125-140
[6]王鑫,陈新荣.分偏移距动校正技术[J].石油物探, 2003,42(2):212-214
[7]Qian S,Chen D.Joint time-frequency analysis[M]. New jersey,USA:Prentice-Hall Inc,1996:2-9
[8]Hardy H H,Beier R A,Gaston J D.Frequency estimates of seismic traces[J].Geophysics,2003,68(1 ): 370-380
[9]Dunkin J W,Levin F k.Effect of normal moveout on a seismic pulse[J].Geophysics,1973,38(4):635-642
[10]蔡希玲,吕英梅.地震数据时频分析与分频处理[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(4):265-270
[11]苑春方,余钦范,王彦春,等.动校正剩余时差的估计与校正[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):317-320
[12]夏洪瑞,陈德刚,周开明,等.剩余动校正量的拾取与消除[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(6):872-877
[13]李合群,周兴元.时差、常相位校正及加权叠加[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(4):415-418
[14]Rupert G B,Chun J H.The block move sum normal moveout correction[J].Geophysics,1975,40(1 ): 17-24
[15]Shatilo A,Aminzadeh F.Constant normal moveout correction:a technique and test results[J]Geophysical Prospecting,2000,48(4):473-488
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