一种改进的广义S变换
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摘要
在地震波传播过程中,各种频率成分都要经受地层的吸收衰减,高频较低频而言衰减速度更快,因而导致地震记录主频偏低。目前比较流行的时频分析方法,一般都是在低频段获得较高的频率分辨率,在高频段获得较高的时间分辨率。然而高频成分的变化对地层吸收衰减特性更为敏感,因此时频分析时高频成分应具有更高的频率分辨率。本文提出一种改进的广义S变换新方法,更能满足吸收衰减分析需要,并首次实现了无能量损失的广义S反变换。实际资料应用结果表明,此法能很好地补偿吸收衰减损失的地震波能量和频率,是一种具有较高保真度的时频分析方法。
In seismic wave propagation, all frequency components of the seismic wave are subject to absorption and attenuation of the strata, high frequency components attenuate faster than low frequency components, resulting in low main frequency of the seismic records. Nowadays the popular time-frequency analysis method could get higher frequency resolution in low frequency band, while it obtains higher time resolution in high frequency band. As the variation of high frequency components is more sensitive for absorption and attenuation characteristics of the strata, during time-frequency analysis the high frequency components should have higher frequency resolution. In this paper an generalized S-transform method is introduced, it can meet the need of absorption and attenuation analysis, for the first time it can be realized without energy-loss. The application of field data shows that the method could compensate seismic wave energy and frequency which were lost due to absorption and attenuation, it is a high fidelity time-frequency analysis method.
In seismic wave propagation, all frequency components of the seismic wave are subject to absorption and attenuation of the strata, high frequency components attenuate faster than low frequency components, resulting in low main frequency of the seismic records. Nowadays the popular time-frequency analysis method could get higher frequency resolution in low frequency band, while it obtains higher time resolution in high frequency band. As the variation of high frequency components is more sensitive for absorption and attenuation characteristics of the strata, during time-frequency analysis the high frequency components should have higher frequency resolution. In this paper an generalized S-transform method is introduced, it can meet the need of absorption and attenuation analysis, for the first time it can be realized without energy-loss. The application of field data shows that the method could compensate seismic wave energy and frequency which were lost due to absorption and attenuation, it is a high fidelity time-frequency analysis method.
引文
[1]凌云,高军,吴琳.时频空间域球面发散与吸收补偿.石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):176~182,189
[2]高军,凌云,周兴元,牟永光.时频域球面发散和吸收补偿.石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(6):856~866,905
[3]Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localization of the complex spectrum:the Stransform.IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1996,44(4):998~1001
[4]高静怀,陈文超,李幼铭等.广义S变换与薄互层地震响应分析.地球物理学报,2003,46(4):526~532
[5]Yanghua Wang and Jian Guo.Modified Kolsky model for seismic attenuation and dispersion.Journal of Ge-ophysical Engineering,2004,1:187~196
[6]陈学华,贺振华,黄德济等.时频域油气储层低频阴影检测.地球物理学报,2009,52(1):215~221
[7]朱光明.垂直地震剖面法.北京:石油工业出版社,1988
[8]白桦,李鲲鹏.基于时频分析的地层吸收补偿.石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(6):642~680
[9]刘喜武,年静波,刘洪.基于广义S变换的吸收衰减补偿方法.石油物探,2006,45(1):9~14
[2]高军,凌云,周兴元,牟永光.时频域球面发散和吸收补偿.石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(6):856~866,905
[3]Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localization of the complex spectrum:the Stransform.IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1996,44(4):998~1001
[4]高静怀,陈文超,李幼铭等.广义S变换与薄互层地震响应分析.地球物理学报,2003,46(4):526~532
[5]Yanghua Wang and Jian Guo.Modified Kolsky model for seismic attenuation and dispersion.Journal of Ge-ophysical Engineering,2004,1:187~196
[6]陈学华,贺振华,黄德济等.时频域油气储层低频阴影检测.地球物理学报,2009,52(1):215~221
[7]朱光明.垂直地震剖面法.北京:石油工业出版社,1988
[8]白桦,李鲲鹏.基于时频分析的地层吸收补偿.石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(6):642~680
[9]刘喜武,年静波,刘洪.基于广义S变换的吸收衰减补偿方法.石油物探,2006,45(1):9~14
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