SAR遥感图像在汶川地震灾害识别中的应用
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摘要
汶川地震发生后,受阴雨天气的影响,光学遥感影像在救灾决策中的作用受到了很大的限制,而SAR图像由于其全天候的特点成为这次抗震救灾前期遥感信息保障十分重要的数据源.采用ENVISAT的ASAR作为数据源,利用多时相的雷达数据的幅度及相位信息对映秀及周边地区做了地震灾害识别,其中利用震前震后的幅度图像做比值变化检测,在映秀镇及紫坪铺水库等山区取得了较好的效果;利用相位信息做干涉处理得到的相干图像,经过失相干分析,发现建筑物的破坏等级与相干系数变化指数的大小高度相关.比较这两种方法,在都江堰等平原地区由于失相干现象不像山区那么严重,并且利用比值处理可以去除部分空间失相干及系统热噪声等带来的干扰因素,可以成为幅度图像的有益补充.结果表明,结合SAR幅度影像和干涉相干影像,可以在地震灾害评估中取得更好效果.随着极化干涉雷达技术的日益成熟,多时相幅度信息、相位信息等多特征SAR影像信息的融合会在救灾决策中发挥更大的作用.
Optical remote sensing imagery in decision-making for disaster relief after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake was highly restricted due to rainy weather.However,the SAR image with its all-weather characteristics emerged as a very important data source of remote sensing information needed for the relief work in early days.In this paper,we conducted damage identification for Yingxiu town and its adjacent areas with ENVISAT ASAR as data source,using amplitude of multi-temporal radar data and phase information.The ratio change detection using pre-and post-earthquake amplitude images yielded satisfying results in Yingxiu town and Zipingpu reservoir.After decorrelation analysis,the coherence images obtained by interferometric processing with phase information showed that the damage grade of a building is highly related to the variability index of coherence coefficient.In plain areas such as Dujiangyan,decorrelation is not as important as in mountainous areas,and ratio processing can eliminate some of the spatial decorrelation and other interference factors caused by system thermal noise,therefore,ratio change detection can be used as necessary supplement to amplitude imaging.This study shows that the combination of SAR amplitude imaging and interferometric coherence imaging can produce better results in earthquake disaster assessment.As the polarization radar technology becomes more and more sophisticated,the integrated SAR image information of multi-temporal amplitude and phase information will play an important role in decision-making for disaster relief.
Optical remote sensing imagery in decision-making for disaster relief after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake was highly restricted due to rainy weather.However,the SAR image with its all-weather characteristics emerged as a very important data source of remote sensing information needed for the relief work in early days.In this paper,we conducted damage identification for Yingxiu town and its adjacent areas with ENVISAT ASAR as data source,using amplitude of multi-temporal radar data and phase information.The ratio change detection using pre-and post-earthquake amplitude images yielded satisfying results in Yingxiu town and Zipingpu reservoir.After decorrelation analysis,the coherence images obtained by interferometric processing with phase information showed that the damage grade of a building is highly related to the variability index of coherence coefficient.In plain areas such as Dujiangyan,decorrelation is not as important as in mountainous areas,and ratio processing can eliminate some of the spatial decorrelation and other interference factors caused by system thermal noise,therefore,ratio change detection can be used as necessary supplement to amplitude imaging.This study shows that the combination of SAR amplitude imaging and interferometric coherence imaging can produce better results in earthquake disaster assessment.As the polarization radar technology becomes more and more sophisticated,the integrated SAR image information of multi-temporal amplitude and phase information will play an important role in decision-making for disaster relief.
引文
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何宏林,孙昭民,王世元,董绍鹏.2008.汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂带[J].地震地质,30(2):359-362.
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Aoki H,Matsuoka M,Yamazaki F.1998.Characteristics of satellite SAR images in the damaged areas due to theHyogoken-Nanbu earthquake[C]∥Proceedings ofthe19th Asian Conference of Remote Sensing,C7.Manila:Asi-an Association on Remote Sensing:1-6.
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Giovanna T,Paolo G.2008.Damage DetectionfromSARI magery:Applicationto the2003Algeria and2007Peru earth-quakes[J].International Journal of Navigation and Observation.Article ID762378,8pages.
Liu,J G,Black A,Lee H,Hanaizumi.2001.Land surface change detectionin a desert area in Algeria using multi-tem-poral ERS SARcoherence images[J].Int J Remote Sensing,22(13):2463-2477.
Matsuoka M,Yamazaki F.2004.Use of satellite SARintensity imagery for detecting building areas damaged due toearthquakes[J].Earthquake Spectra,20(3):975-994.
Matsuoka M,Yamazaki F.2000a.Use of interferometric satellite SARfor earthquake damage detection[C]∥Proceed-ings ofthe6thInternational Conference on Seismic Zonation.Earthquake Engineering ResearchInstitute:103-108.
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Rignot E J M,van Zyl J J.1993.Change detection techniques for ERS-1SAR data[J].IEEE Transactions on,Geosci-ence and Remote Sensing,31(4):896-906.
Yonezawa C,Takeuchi S.2001.Decorrelation of SAR data uban damages caused by the1995Hyogoken-nanbu earth-quake[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,22(8):1585-1600.
Zebker H A,Villasenor J.1992.Decorrelationininterferometric radar echoes[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience andRemote Sensing,30(5):950-959.
郭华东.2000.雷达对地观测理论与应用[M].北京:科学出版社:1-517.
何宏林,孙昭民,王世元,董绍鹏.2008.汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂带[J].地震地质,30(2):359-362.
滕吉文,白登海,杨辉,闫雅芬,张洪双,张永谦,阮小敏.2008.2008汶川MS8.0地震发生的深层过程和动力学响应[J].地球物理学报,51(5):1385-1402.
王卫民,赵连锋,李娟,姚振兴.2008.四川汶川8.0级地震震源过程[J].地球物理学报,51(5):1403-1410.
王晓青,魏成阶,苗崇刚,张景发,单新建,马庆尊.2003.震害遥感快速提取研究:以2003年2月24日巴楚—伽师6.8级地震为例[J].地学前沿,10(s1):285-291.
魏成阶,朱博勤,张宗科.1993.地震灾害航空遥感快速调查技术研究:以唐山地震区作模拟试验场[C]∥何建邦,田国良,王劲峰编.重大自然灾害遥感监测与评估研究进展.北京:科学出版社:12-23.
张景发,谢礼立,陶夏新.2002.建筑物震害遥感图像的变化检测与震害评估[J].自然灾害学报,11(2):59-64.
张培震,徐锡伟,闻学泽,冉勇康.2008.2008年汶川8.0级地震发震断裂的滑动速率、复发周期和构造成因[J].地球物理学报,51(4):1066-1073.
Aoki H,Matsuoka M,Yamazaki F.1998.Characteristics of satellite SAR images in the damaged areas due to theHyogoken-Nanbu earthquake[C]∥Proceedings ofthe19th Asian Conference of Remote Sensing,C7.Manila:Asi-an Association on Remote Sensing:1-6.
Fielding E J,Talebian M,Rosen P A,Nazari H,Jackson J A,Ghorashi M,Walker R.2005.Surface ruptures andbuilding damage of the2003Bam,Iran,earthquake mapped by satellite synthetic aperture radar interferometric cor-relation[J].J Geophy Res,110(B03302):1-15.
Giovanna T,Paolo G.2008.Damage DetectionfromSARI magery:Applicationto the2003Algeria and2007Peru earth-quakes[J].International Journal of Navigation and Observation.Article ID762378,8pages.
Liu,J G,Black A,Lee H,Hanaizumi.2001.Land surface change detectionin a desert area in Algeria using multi-tem-poral ERS SARcoherence images[J].Int J Remote Sensing,22(13):2463-2477.
Matsuoka M,Yamazaki F.2004.Use of satellite SARintensity imagery for detecting building areas damaged due toearthquakes[J].Earthquake Spectra,20(3):975-994.
Matsuoka M,Yamazaki F.2000a.Use of interferometric satellite SARfor earthquake damage detection[C]∥Proceed-ings ofthe6thInternational Conference on Seismic Zonation.Earthquake Engineering ResearchInstitute:103-108.
Matsuoka M,Yamazaki F.2000b.Interferometric characterization of areas damaged by the1995Kobe earthquake usingsatellite SAR images[C/CD]∥Proceedings of the12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,2,CD-ROM,ID2141.
Rignot E J M,van Zyl J J.1993.Change detection techniques for ERS-1SAR data[J].IEEE Transactions on,Geosci-ence and Remote Sensing,31(4):896-906.
Yonezawa C,Takeuchi S.2001.Decorrelation of SAR data uban damages caused by the1995Hyogoken-nanbu earth-quake[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,22(8):1585-1600.
Zebker H A,Villasenor J.1992.Decorrelationininterferometric radar echoes[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience andRemote Sensing,30(5):950-959.
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