各向异性弹性波高阶有限差分法叠前逆时深度偏移
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摘要
采用高阶交错网格有限差分法算子构建了各向异性介质多分量弹性波动方程的高精度正演模拟和叠前逆时深度偏移的数值离散方程,在正演过程中采用最大绝对振幅能量法实现各向异性介质多分量初至旅行时的计算,并以此作为多分量双程弹性波叠前逆时成像条件,同时给出计算所需的稳定性条件、多分量叠前逆时成像的基本原理、吸收边界条件等,采用凹陷模型合成了共炮点道集,并进行多分量双程各向异性弹性波叠前逆时成像研究,并与对正演炮集进行多分量各向同性叠前逆时成像结果进行对比。计算结果表明,考虑了各向异性弹性波场的矢量特性,能够更为准确地实现叠前多分量弹性波场的成像问题,使地质层位中的断层、断点等复杂目标成像更加清晰准确,并且偏移成像精度较高,因此开展各向异性叠前逆时成像可为当前高精度岩性地震勘探提供方法指导。
The paper applied high-order staggered-grid finite difference algorithm to obtain the discrete equations of seismic wave high-precision numerical simulation and anisotropic elastic wave equation pre-stack reverse-time depth migration, adopted minimum travel-time tree algorithm to compute the first arrival travel-time,gave the method’s stable condition,reverse time imaging theory,absorbing boundary condition and so on,and create common shot gather on depressed model,then do pre-stack reverse time depth migration research and isotropic elastic pre-stack reverse time depth migration.The imaging results show that paper’s method can better achieve correct image of the multi-component elastic wave by considering the vector property of anisotropic elastic wave,especially the targets in complex geologic position such as the faults,fault points and so on,the numerical processing precision of theoretical seismic data is good,however,the results with isotropic elastic pre-stack reverse time depth migration had major error,thus this method can be an high-precision depth domain imaging method.
The paper applied high-order staggered-grid finite difference algorithm to obtain the discrete equations of seismic wave high-precision numerical simulation and anisotropic elastic wave equation pre-stack reverse-time depth migration, adopted minimum travel-time tree algorithm to compute the first arrival travel-time,gave the method’s stable condition,reverse time imaging theory,absorbing boundary condition and so on,and create common shot gather on depressed model,then do pre-stack reverse time depth migration research and isotropic elastic pre-stack reverse time depth migration.The imaging results show that paper’s method can better achieve correct image of the multi-component elastic wave by considering the vector property of anisotropic elastic wave,especially the targets in complex geologic position such as the faults,fault points and so on,the numerical processing precision of theoretical seismic data is good,however,the results with isotropic elastic pre-stack reverse time depth migration had major error,thus this method can be an high-precision depth domain imaging method.
引文
[1]White J E,Martineau-NicoletisL,Monash C.Measured anisotropy in Pierre shale[J].Geophys.Prosp.,1983,31(4):709—725
[2]Helbig K.Transverse isotropy in exploration seismics[J].Geophys.J.Roy.Astr.Soc.,1984,76(1):79—88
[3]Stephen R A.Seismic anisotropy in the upper oceanic crust[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1985,90(BB):11383—11396
[4]Alkhalifah,T.Gaussian beam depth migration for anisotropic media[J].Geophysics,1995,60(5):1474—1484
[5]Verstrum R W,Lawten D C,Schmid R.Imaging structures below dipping TI media[J].Geophysics,1999,64(4):1239—1246
[6]滕吉文,张中杰,杨顶辉.各向异性介质中三分量弹性波场叠前偏移(M)//中国地球物理学会年刊(1994).北京:地震出版社,1994:160—160
[7]张秉铭.各向异性介质中弹性波数值模拟与偏移研究[D].北京:中国科学院地球物理研究所,1997
[8]张美根,王妙月.各向异性弹性波叠后逆时深度偏移[J].石油物探,2009,41(3):259—263
[9]张美根,王妙月.各向异性弹性波有限元叠前逆时偏移[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(5):711—719
[10]张秉铭,董敏煜,李承楚等.各向异性介质中弹性波多分量联合逆时深度偏移[J].长春科技大学学报,2000,31(1):67-75
[11]刘军伟,张会星,宁书年.二维矢量地震波场的叠前逆时深度偏移[J].中国煤田地质,2002,14(4):62-69
[12]张会星,宁书年.弹性波动方程叠前逆时偏移[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,31(5):371-375
[13]田雪丰,张奋轩,曹新领.弹性波逆时偏移及其成像条件[J].中国煤田地质,2002,14(2):58-61
[14]陈可洋.各向异性弹性波动方程多分量联合叠后逆时偏移[J].内陆地震,2009,23(4):455-460
[15]陈可洋.高阶弹性波波动方程正演模拟及逆时偏移成像研究[D].黑龙江省:大庆石油学院,2009
[16]陈可洋.标量声波波动方程高阶交错网格有限差分法[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(4):232-236
[17]陈可洋.地震波数值模拟中差分近似的各向异性分析[J].石油物探,2010,49(1):19-22
[18]陈可洋,吴清岭,杨微等.基于散度和旋度的弹性波波场分离数值模拟方法[J].物探与化探,2010,34(1):103-107
[19]陈可洋.基于高阶有限差分的波动方程叠前逆时偏移方法[J].石油物探,2009,48(5):475-478
[20]刘洪林,陈可洋,杨微等.高阶交错网格有限差分法纵横波波场分离数值模拟[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(3):877-884
[21]陈可洋.起伏地表地震波正演数值模拟[J].高原地震,2010,22(2):39-44
[22]陈可洋.高精度数值模拟多分量数据的采集[J].油气地球物理,2010,8(2):44-47
[23]陈可洋.宽频双程走时计算方法及其波场照明分析[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(4):270-274
[24]陈可洋.高阶交错网格有限差分法弹性波叠前逆时深度偏移[J].油气地球物理,2010,8(3):1-4
[25]陈可洋.完全匹配层吸收边界条件研究[J].石油物探,2010,49(5):472-477
[26]陈可洋.边界吸收中镶边法的评价[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2010,27(2):170-175
[27]陈可洋.声波完全匹配层吸收边界条件的改进算法[J].石油物探,2009,48(1):76-79
[28]董良国,马在田,曹景忠.一阶弹性波方程交错网格高阶差分解法稳定性研究[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(6):856-864
[29]陈可洋.地震波旅行时计算方法及其模型试验分析[J].石油物探,2010,49(2):153-157
[30]陈可洋.地震波逆时偏移方法研究综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(3):153-159
[31]陈可洋.声波和弹性波叠后逆时深度偏移[J].天然气勘探与开发,2010,33(3):20-21,49
[2]Helbig K.Transverse isotropy in exploration seismics[J].Geophys.J.Roy.Astr.Soc.,1984,76(1):79—88
[3]Stephen R A.Seismic anisotropy in the upper oceanic crust[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1985,90(BB):11383—11396
[4]Alkhalifah,T.Gaussian beam depth migration for anisotropic media[J].Geophysics,1995,60(5):1474—1484
[5]Verstrum R W,Lawten D C,Schmid R.Imaging structures below dipping TI media[J].Geophysics,1999,64(4):1239—1246
[6]滕吉文,张中杰,杨顶辉.各向异性介质中三分量弹性波场叠前偏移(M)//中国地球物理学会年刊(1994).北京:地震出版社,1994:160—160
[7]张秉铭.各向异性介质中弹性波数值模拟与偏移研究[D].北京:中国科学院地球物理研究所,1997
[8]张美根,王妙月.各向异性弹性波叠后逆时深度偏移[J].石油物探,2009,41(3):259—263
[9]张美根,王妙月.各向异性弹性波有限元叠前逆时偏移[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(5):711—719
[10]张秉铭,董敏煜,李承楚等.各向异性介质中弹性波多分量联合逆时深度偏移[J].长春科技大学学报,2000,31(1):67-75
[11]刘军伟,张会星,宁书年.二维矢量地震波场的叠前逆时深度偏移[J].中国煤田地质,2002,14(4):62-69
[12]张会星,宁书年.弹性波动方程叠前逆时偏移[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,31(5):371-375
[13]田雪丰,张奋轩,曹新领.弹性波逆时偏移及其成像条件[J].中国煤田地质,2002,14(2):58-61
[14]陈可洋.各向异性弹性波动方程多分量联合叠后逆时偏移[J].内陆地震,2009,23(4):455-460
[15]陈可洋.高阶弹性波波动方程正演模拟及逆时偏移成像研究[D].黑龙江省:大庆石油学院,2009
[16]陈可洋.标量声波波动方程高阶交错网格有限差分法[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(4):232-236
[17]陈可洋.地震波数值模拟中差分近似的各向异性分析[J].石油物探,2010,49(1):19-22
[18]陈可洋,吴清岭,杨微等.基于散度和旋度的弹性波波场分离数值模拟方法[J].物探与化探,2010,34(1):103-107
[19]陈可洋.基于高阶有限差分的波动方程叠前逆时偏移方法[J].石油物探,2009,48(5):475-478
[20]刘洪林,陈可洋,杨微等.高阶交错网格有限差分法纵横波波场分离数值模拟[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(3):877-884
[21]陈可洋.起伏地表地震波正演数值模拟[J].高原地震,2010,22(2):39-44
[22]陈可洋.高精度数值模拟多分量数据的采集[J].油气地球物理,2010,8(2):44-47
[23]陈可洋.宽频双程走时计算方法及其波场照明分析[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(4):270-274
[24]陈可洋.高阶交错网格有限差分法弹性波叠前逆时深度偏移[J].油气地球物理,2010,8(3):1-4
[25]陈可洋.完全匹配层吸收边界条件研究[J].石油物探,2010,49(5):472-477
[26]陈可洋.边界吸收中镶边法的评价[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2010,27(2):170-175
[27]陈可洋.声波完全匹配层吸收边界条件的改进算法[J].石油物探,2009,48(1):76-79
[28]董良国,马在田,曹景忠.一阶弹性波方程交错网格高阶差分解法稳定性研究[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(6):856-864
[29]陈可洋.地震波旅行时计算方法及其模型试验分析[J].石油物探,2010,49(2):153-157
[30]陈可洋.地震波逆时偏移方法研究综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(3):153-159
[31]陈可洋.声波和弹性波叠后逆时深度偏移[J].天然气勘探与开发,2010,33(3):20-21,49
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