基于2D反褶积成像条件的保幅叠前深度偏移
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摘要
为适应复杂构造和岩性油气藏勘探开发对地震处理精度的需求,提出基于2D反褶积成像条件的保幅叠前深度偏移方法,实现基于2D反褶积成像条件的保幅分步傅里叶(SSF)叠前深度偏移(PSDM)。其主要思想为:在频率-震源波数域内,将所有炮延拓到同一成像点的上行与下行波反褶积,然后对所有频率和震源求和成像。其特点是能够克服非满覆盖次数地区成像能量弱的缺陷,并提高中深层目标区域的成像质量。模型试算结果验证了所提方法的正确性和有效性。
In order to adapt for the exploration and development of complex structures and lithologic hydrocarbon reservoirs,a preserved amplitude prestack depth migration method based on 2D deconvolution imaging condition was presented,implementing preserved amplitude split step Fourier prestack depth migration based on 2D deconvolution imaging condition.First,the receiver wavefield was deconvolved by the source wavefield in shot-time dimensions.Then the zero lag results were extracted to form the imaging profile commanding the consistency of time and shot position.The numerical results show that this method not only enhances the imaging energy of weak imaging areas where the folds are not full,but also improves the imaging quality of deep target layers.
In order to adapt for the exploration and development of complex structures and lithologic hydrocarbon reservoirs,a preserved amplitude prestack depth migration method based on 2D deconvolution imaging condition was presented,implementing preserved amplitude split step Fourier prestack depth migration based on 2D deconvolution imaging condition.First,the receiver wavefield was deconvolved by the source wavefield in shot-time dimensions.Then the zero lag results were extracted to form the imaging profile commanding the consistency of time and shot position.The numerical results show that this method not only enhances the imaging energy of weak imaging areas where the folds are not full,but also improves the imaging quality of deep target layers.
引文
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[13]GUITTON A,VALENCIANO A,BEVE D,et al.Smoothing imaging condition for shot-profile migration[J].Geophysics,2007,72(3):S149-S154.
[14]叶月明,李振春,仝兆岐,等.基于稳定成像条件的保幅叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(1):28-32.YE Yue-ming,LI Zhen-chun,TONG Zhao-qi,et al.Preserved amplitude pre-stack depth migration based onstable imaging condition[J].Oil Geophysical Prospec-ting,2009,44(1):28-32.
[15]VALENCIANO A,BIONDI B.2D deconvolution ima-ging condition for shot profile migration[J].SEG Ex-panded Abstracts,2003,22:1059-1062.
[16]MUIJS R,ROBERTSSON J,HOLLIGER K.Prestackdepth migration of primary and surface-related multiplereflections:part I-imaging[J].Geophysics,2007,72(2):S59-S69.
[17]STOFFA P L,FOKKEMA J T,de LUNA Freire R M,et al.Split-step Fourier migration[J].Geophysics,1990,55(4):410-421.
[18]张关泉.波场分裂、平方根算子与偏移[C]//马在田.反射地震学论文集.上海:同济大学出版社,2000:16-20.
[19]ZHANG Y,SUN J,GRAY S,et al.Towards accurateamplitudes for one way wavefield extrapolation of 3-Dcommon shot records[R/OL].(2001-12-10)[2008-12-10]http://www.cwp.mines.edu/Abstracts/SEG01/bleistein.pdf.
[20]CLAERBOUT.Toward a unified theory of reflector map-ping[J].Geoohysics,1971,36(3):467-481.
[2]SCHLEICHER J,TYGEL M,HUBRAL P.3-D true-am-plitude finite offset migration[J].Geophysics,1993,58(8):1112-1126.
[3]孙建国.Kirchhoff型真振幅偏移与反偏移[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(6):1-5.SUN Jian-guo.Kirchhoff-type true-amplitude migrationand demigration[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2002,25(6):1-5.
[4]徐升,GILLES Lambaré.复杂介质下保真振幅Kirchhoff深度偏移[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1431-1444.XU Sheng,GILLES Lambaré.True amplitude Kirchhoffprestack depth migration in complex media[J].ChineseJournal of Geophysics,2006,49(5):1431-1444.
[5]ZHANG Yu,ZHANG Guanquan,BLEISTEIN N.Theoryof true-amplitude one-way wave equations and true-ampli-tude common-shot migration[J].Geophysics,2005,71(4):E1-E10.
[6]张宇.振幅保真的单程波方程偏移理论[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1410-1430.ZHANG Yu.The theory of true amplitude one-way waveequation migration[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(5):1410-1430.
[7]ZHANG Yu,JAMES Sun,SAMUEL Gray.Reverse-timemigration:amplitude and implementation issues[J].SEGExpanded Abstracts,2007,26:2145-2149.
[8]杨午阳,ZHANG Houzhu,茅金根,等.F-X域弹性波动方程保幅偏移[J].石油物探,2003,42(3):285-288.YANG Wu-yang,ZHANG Houzhu,MAO Jin-gen,et al.Finite-difference migration with compensation for absorp-tion,dispersion and transmission losses in seismic data[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,42(3):285-288.
[9]崔兴福,张关泉,吴雅丽.三维非均匀介质中真振幅地震偏移算子研究[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(3):509-513.CUI Xing-fu,ZHANG Guan-quan,WU Ya-li.True am-plitude seismic migration operator in 3D heterogenous me-dium[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2004,47(3):509-513.
[10]CLAERBOUT J F.Toward a unified theory of reflectormapping[J].Geophysics,1971,36(3):467-481.
[11]SCHLEICHER J,COSTA J C,NOVAIS A.A compari-son of imaging conditions for wave-equation shot-profilemigration[J].Geophysics,2007,73(3):S219-227.
[12]GUITTON A,VALENCIANO A.Robust imaging condi-tion for shot-profile migration[J].SEG Expanded Ab-stracts,2006,25:2519-2522.
[13]GUITTON A,VALENCIANO A,BEVE D,et al.Smoothing imaging condition for shot-profile migration[J].Geophysics,2007,72(3):S149-S154.
[14]叶月明,李振春,仝兆岐,等.基于稳定成像条件的保幅叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(1):28-32.YE Yue-ming,LI Zhen-chun,TONG Zhao-qi,et al.Preserved amplitude pre-stack depth migration based onstable imaging condition[J].Oil Geophysical Prospec-ting,2009,44(1):28-32.
[15]VALENCIANO A,BIONDI B.2D deconvolution ima-ging condition for shot profile migration[J].SEG Ex-panded Abstracts,2003,22:1059-1062.
[16]MUIJS R,ROBERTSSON J,HOLLIGER K.Prestackdepth migration of primary and surface-related multiplereflections:part I-imaging[J].Geophysics,2007,72(2):S59-S69.
[17]STOFFA P L,FOKKEMA J T,de LUNA Freire R M,et al.Split-step Fourier migration[J].Geophysics,1990,55(4):410-421.
[18]张关泉.波场分裂、平方根算子与偏移[C]//马在田.反射地震学论文集.上海:同济大学出版社,2000:16-20.
[19]ZHANG Y,SUN J,GRAY S,et al.Towards accurateamplitudes for one way wavefield extrapolation of 3-Dcommon shot records[R/OL].(2001-12-10)[2008-12-10]http://www.cwp.mines.edu/Abstracts/SEG01/bleistein.pdf.
[20]CLAERBOUT.Toward a unified theory of reflector map-ping[J].Geoohysics,1971,36(3):467-481.
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