库车冲断带秋里塔格构造带东段构造样式与构造演化
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摘要
秋里塔格构造带位于库车褶皱冲断前缘,其东段包括东秋里塔格背斜和库车塔吾背斜。野外调查和地震剖面解释表明:秋里塔格构造带东段盐下发育断层转折褶皱;盐上东秋里塔格背斜为滑脱箱状背斜,库车塔吾背斜核部为南倾逆冲断层所破坏。演化剖面显示秋里塔格构造带东段在侏罗纪断陷期发育了正断裂,其后为平静期,直到库车晚期后逆冲断层和褶皱快速发育,背斜最终形成。膏盐岩及古构造对构造变形具有重要影响,一方面作为滑脱层,分割了盐下层与盐上层,导致二者形成不同的构造样式;另一方面塑性流动充填于背斜核部。由于膏盐岩的厚度差异,东秋里塔格背斜盐上发育褶皱,而库车塔吾背斜核部被逆冲断层破坏,膏盐层厚度还影响了膏盐层上下构造高点的相对位置。盐下构造的发育受侏罗纪古构造控制,进而影响了盐上构造的发育。
Qiulitage structure belt is the thrust front of the Kuqa fold and thrust belt of the southern piedmont of Tianshan Mountain.Its eastern part includes Dongqiulitage anticline and Kuchetawu anticline.Field work and seismic interpretation imply that fault-bend folds were developed in the subsalt stratum.In the suprasalt stratum Dongqiulitage anticline developed detachment folds,but Kuchetawu anticline was faulted.According to the structural evolution section,the Jurassic normal fault was reversed in Kuche period.The salt structures were mainly formed in Kuche period to Quaternary.Salt and paleo-structure controlled the deformation of the eastern Qiulitage structure belt.Salt,as a detachment layer,decoupled its lower and upper stratum.As a result,the subsalt and supra-salt stratum developed different structures and shorting amout.At the same time,the salt flowed to fill in the core of the fold.Due to the diversity of salt thickness,Dongqiulitage anticline is a box-anticline,while Kuchetawu anticline was faulted.The paleo-structure played an important role on the deformation of the eastern Qiulitage structure belt.The reversion of the former structures formed subsalt fault bend folds and affected the supra-salt structure furthermore.
Qiulitage structure belt is the thrust front of the Kuqa fold and thrust belt of the southern piedmont of Tianshan Mountain.Its eastern part includes Dongqiulitage anticline and Kuchetawu anticline.Field work and seismic interpretation imply that fault-bend folds were developed in the subsalt stratum.In the suprasalt stratum Dongqiulitage anticline developed detachment folds,but Kuchetawu anticline was faulted.According to the structural evolution section,the Jurassic normal fault was reversed in Kuche period.The salt structures were mainly formed in Kuche period to Quaternary.Salt and paleo-structure controlled the deformation of the eastern Qiulitage structure belt.Salt,as a detachment layer,decoupled its lower and upper stratum.As a result,the subsalt and supra-salt stratum developed different structures and shorting amout.At the same time,the salt flowed to fill in the core of the fold.Due to the diversity of salt thickness,Dongqiulitage anticline is a box-anticline,while Kuchetawu anticline was faulted.The paleo-structure played an important role on the deformation of the eastern Qiulitage structure belt.The reversion of the former structures formed subsalt fault bend folds and affected the supra-salt structure furthermore.
引文
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金文正,汤良杰,王清华,万桂梅,杨文静,余一欣,彭更新.2007.新疆库车盆地东秋里塔格构造带新生代的构造演化.地质科学,42(3):444-454. Jin Wenzheng,Tang Liangjie,Wang Qinghua,Wan Guimei,Yang Wenjing,Yu Yixin and Peng Gengxin.2007.Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the eastern Qiullag structural belt,Kuqa forelandbasin in Xinjiang.Chinese Journal of Geology,42 (3).444-454.
李世琴,汪新,陈宁华.2009.南天山库车秋里塔格中段构造结变形特征和变形机理.地质科学,44(3):945-956. Li Shiqin,Wang Xin and Chen Ninghua.2009.Structural characters and deformation mechanisms of middle segment of Qiulitag anticline zone in Kuqa fold-and-thrust belt,southern Tianshan Mountain,China.Chinese Journal of Geology,44(3 ): 945-956.
刘志宏,卢华复,李西建,贾承造,雷刚林,陈楚铭,王国强,范湘涛.2000a.库车再生前陆盆地的构造演化.地质科学,35 (4):482-492. Liu Zhihong,Lu Huafu,Li Xijian,Jia Chengzao,Lei Ganglin,Chen Churning,Wang Guoqiang and Fan Xiangtao.2000a. Tectonic evolution of Kuqa rejuvenated foreland basin.Chinese Journal of Geology(Scientia Geologica Sinica),35(4): 282-492.
刘志宏,卢华复,贾承造,雷刚林,陈楚铭,王国强,范湘涛.2000b.库车再生前陆逆冲带造山运动时间、断层滑移速率的厘定及其意义.石油勘探与开发,27(1):12-15. Liu Zhihong,Lu Huafu,Jia Chengzao,Lei Ganglin,Chen Churning,Wang Guoqiang and Fan Xiangtao.2000b.Orogeny liming and fault-slip rate and their significance to the rejuvenated foreland thrusts belt of Kuche.Petroleum Exploration and Development,27(1):12-15.
卢华复,贾东,陈楚铭,刘志宏,王国强,贾承造.1999.库车新生代构造性质和变形时间,地学前缘,6(4):215-221. Lu Huafu,Jia Dong,Chen Churning,Liu Zhihong,Wang Guoqiang and Jia Chengzao.1999.Natrue and liming of the Kuqa Cenozoic structures.Earth Science Frontiers,6(4):215-221.
苗继军,贾承造,王招明,齐英敏,张君峰,赵恩宏.2005.塔里木盆地北部库车地区秋里塔格构造带地层结构及其对构造变形的制约.地质科学,40(4):558-569. Miao Jijun,Jia Chengzao,Wang Zaoming,Qi Yingmin,Zhang Junfeng and Zhao Enhong.2005.Stratigraphic configuration control on tectonic deformation along the Qiultag anticline belt of Kuqa area,northern Tarim Basin.Chinese Journal of Geology,40(4):558-569.
齐英敏,苗继军,马全天,吴建国,张国伟,叶林,李毓丰,桑洪.2004.新疆库车地区秋里塔格构造带成因分析.地质科学,39(4):561-570. Qi Yingmin,Miao Jijun,Ma Quantian,Wu Jianguo,Zhang Guowei,Ye Lin,Li Yufeng and Sang Hong.2004.Mechanical analysis on the Qiulitage structural belt in Kuqa area,Xinjiang.Chinese Journal of Geology,39(4):561-570.
万桂梅,汤良杰,金文正,余一欣.2007.膏盐层在库车秋里塔格构造带构造变形及成藏中的作用.地质科学,42(4): 666-677. Wan Guimei,Tang Liangjie,Jin Wenzheng and Yu Yixin.2007.Functions of gypsum-salt layer in tectonic deformation and hydrocarbon accumulation of the Qiultag structural belt,Kuqa depression.Chinese Journal of Geology,42(4 ):666- 677.
汪新.2005.南天山山前复杂褶皱的构造形态分析:以库车秋里塔克背斜和柯坪八盘水磨背斜为例.高校地质学报, 11(4):569-576. Wang Xin.2005.Geometry and kinematics of complex folds,illustrated with examples from Quilitake anticline of Kuqa and Bapanshuimo anticline of Keping,southern Tianshan.Geological Journal of China Universities,11(4):569-576.
王清华,杨明慧,吕修祥.2004.库车褶皱冲断带秋里塔格构造带东、西分段构造特征与油气聚集.地质科学,39(4): 523-531. Wang Qinghua,Yang Minghui and Lü Xiuxiang.2004.Features of structural segmentation and accumunation of oil and gas in the qiulitage structural belt,Kuqa fold-and-thrust belt.Chinese Journal of Geology,39(4):523-531.
王子煜.2002.库车坳陷秋里塔格盐构造形成过程物理模拟.西安石油学院学报(自然科学版),17(6):1-5. Wang Ziyu.2002.Physical modeling of the evolution of Qiulitake salt structure in Kuche depression.Journal of the Xi'an Petroleum Institute(Nature Science Edition),17(6):1-5.
阎福礼,卢华复,贾东,于际民.2003.塔里木盆地库车坳陷中、新生代沉降特征探讨.南京大学学报(自然科学),39 (1):31-39. Yan Fuli,Lu Huafu,Jia Dong and Yu Jimin.2003.The Meso-Cenozoic subsidence features of Kuqa depression,Tarim Basin. Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Sciences),39(1 ):31-39.
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