黄河口凹陷西北部湖底扇的沉积演化及发育模式——以古近纪沙三下亚段为例
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摘要
湖底扇是黄河口凹陷古近纪一种重要的沉积类型,扇体储集物性和含油性较好,具有勘探价值.研究黄河口凹陷沙河街组沙三下亚段岩心、测井、地震反射特征,认为A区含油砂岩体为在半深湖—深湖环境形成的2种类型湖底扇沉积.低位域时期发育远岸的深水浊积湖底扇;湖扩域和高位域时期发育由三角洲前缘砂体滑塌进入湖底堆积而成的滑塌浊积湖底扇.从空间分布看,深水浊积扇主要发育在低位域湖盆内二阶断裂的下降盘;滑塌浊积扇主要发育在研究区南部的断裂陡坡带,位于扇三角洲前方,且扇体规模较大,发育时间长.湖底扇的发育受沉积坡折和断裂坡折的控制.由于构造背景、湖平面变化及物源供应不同,湖底扇的位置、规模和形态也不尽相同.
The sublacustrine fan,an important deposition of Paleogene in Huanghekou Sag,is characterized by both good physical character of reservoir and oil-bearing property,thus it of higher value for petroleum exploration.Through studying the formation mechanism,the main control factors,the lithology,logging curve features and seismic reflectance signature in the lower Member 3 of Shahejie Formation in Huanghekou Sag,it was found that the oil-bearing sand bodies in the Area A belonged to two kinds of sublacustrine fan deposition formed under semi-deep-lake to deep-lake environment.Deposition of the deep-water turbidite sublacustrine fan corresponded to low stand system tract;deposition of the slump turbidite sublacustrine fan corresponded to transgressive system tract and high stand system tract,which was formed by slumping delta front sand.Viewed from spatial distribution,the deep-water turbidite sublacustrine fan was mainly developed in the second-order fault downthrown of the basin,while the slump turbidite sublacustrine fan was distributed in the abrupt slope which located in the south of study area,and the extent of the fan in the front of fan delta was greater and longer than that in the north.The sublacustrine fan was controlled by faulted-topographic break and sedimentary-slope break.As a matter of fact,different tectonic background,lake level changes and provenance could result in different position,shape and size of sublacustrine fan.
The sublacustrine fan,an important deposition of Paleogene in Huanghekou Sag,is characterized by both good physical character of reservoir and oil-bearing property,thus it of higher value for petroleum exploration.Through studying the formation mechanism,the main control factors,the lithology,logging curve features and seismic reflectance signature in the lower Member 3 of Shahejie Formation in Huanghekou Sag,it was found that the oil-bearing sand bodies in the Area A belonged to two kinds of sublacustrine fan deposition formed under semi-deep-lake to deep-lake environment.Deposition of the deep-water turbidite sublacustrine fan corresponded to low stand system tract;deposition of the slump turbidite sublacustrine fan corresponded to transgressive system tract and high stand system tract,which was formed by slumping delta front sand.Viewed from spatial distribution,the deep-water turbidite sublacustrine fan was mainly developed in the second-order fault downthrown of the basin,while the slump turbidite sublacustrine fan was distributed in the abrupt slope which located in the south of study area,and the extent of the fan in the front of fan delta was greater and longer than that in the north.The sublacustrine fan was controlled by faulted-topographic break and sedimentary-slope break.As a matter of fact,different tectonic background,lake level changes and provenance could result in different position,shape and size of sublacustrine fan.
引文
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[16]剧永涛,刘豪,辛仁臣,等.黄河口凹陷西北部滑塌浊积扇沉积特征[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2011,33(6):31-37.
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[19]王颖,王晓州,王英民.大型拗陷湖盆坡折带背景下的重力流沉积模式[J].沉积学报,2009,27(6):1076-1083.
[2]Close D I.Slope and fan deposition in deep-water turbidite systems,East Antarctica[J].Marine Geology,2010,274(1/4):21-31.
[3]Salles T,Lopez S,Eschard R,et al.Turbidity current modelling on geological time scales[J].Marine Geology,2008,248(3/4):127-150.
[4]Ercilla G,Alonso B,Wynn R B,et al.Turbidity current sediment waves on irregular slopes:Observations from the Orinoco sedimentwave field[J].Marine Geology,2002,192(1/3):171-187.
[5]Volker D,Reichel T,Wiedicke M,et al.Turbidites deposited on southern central chilean seamounts:Evidence for energetic turbiditycurrents[J].Marine Geology,2008,251(1/2):15-31.
[6]王建功,王天琦,张顺,等.松辽拗陷盆地水侵期湖底扇沉积特征及地球物理响应[J].石油学报,2009,30(3):361-366.
[7]赵俊兴,李凤杰,申晓莉,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部长6和长7油层浊流事件的沉积特征及发育模式[J].石油学报,2008,29(3):389-394.
[8]蔺连第,郎艳,金蕙,等.二连盆地乌里雅斯太凹陷早白垩世湖底扇[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(3):27-32.
[9]于兴河.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002:319-345.
[10]王根照,胡望水.黄河口凹陷北半环的构造样式及构造演化[J].石油天然气学报,2008,30(3):166-169.
[11]田立新,余宏忠,周心怀,等.黄河口凹陷油气成藏的主控因素[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(3):319-321.
[12]李建平,辛仁臣,向淑敏,等.渤海湾盆地黄河口凹陷古近系东营组三段沉积特征[J].古地理学报,2008,10(4):363-370.
[13]张丽萍.黄河口凹陷古近系沙河街组三段砂岩储层特征[J].大庆石油学院学报,2007,31(4):13-15.
[14]蔡东升,罗毓晖,武文来,等.渤海浅层构造变形特征、成因机理与渤中拗陷及其周围油气富集的关系[J].中国海上油气,2001,15(1):35-43.
[15]李慧勇,辛仁臣,周心怀,等.渤海海域黄河口凹陷B区东营组三段下部沉积特征[J].大庆石油学院学报,2007,31(2):1-3.
[16]剧永涛,刘豪,辛仁臣,等.黄河口凹陷西北部滑塌浊积扇沉积特征[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2011,33(6):31-37.
[17]柳成志,霍广君,张冬玲.辽河盆地西部凹陷冷家油田沙三段扇三角洲-湖底扇沉积模式[J].大庆石油学院学报,1999,23(1):1-4.
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[19]王颖,王晓州,王英民.大型拗陷湖盆坡折带背景下的重力流沉积模式[J].沉积学报,2009,27(6):1076-1083.
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