白云凹陷珠江组深水扇砂质碎屑流沉积学特征
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摘要
珠江口盆地白云凹陷深海水域的珠江组为油气勘探开发新领域,但珠江组厚层块状砂岩储层的成因仍存在很大争议。通过对砂岩储层的物质组分、沉积构造、粒度分布、古地形和古构造背景及地震与测井等资料的综合分析,确定白云凹陷珠江组属于深水扇沉积体系,扇体中广泛发育的厚层块状砂岩为深水扇沉积体系中内—中扇水道的砂质碎屑流沉积充填物。在详细描述砂质碎屑流沉积学特征和识别标志的基础上,确定砂质碎屑流与低位期陆架边缘三角洲前缘砂体与海平面大幅度下降期的某种触发机制作用下发生的重力滑塌和砂崩有关,具备"源-渠-汇"耦合关系的深水扇沉积模式。
The deep-water Zhujiang Formation in Baiyun sag of Pearl River Mouth basin has been a new area for hydrocarbon exploration and development,but there is still much controversy about the genesis of massive sandstone reservoirs.Based on comprehensive analysis of composition,sedimentary structures,grain size distribution,ancient topography as well as seismic and logging data,the Zhujiang Formation was deposited by submarine fan system,and a wide range of thick massive sandstoneswere products of sandy debris flow filling withininner-middle fan channels.According to detailed features and identification signs,the sandy debris flow was related to gravitational slump and sand collapse of sandbodies from the shelf edge delta front triggered by certainmechanism duringsignificant sea-level falling,and then the "Source-Drainage-Sink" coupling model of sandy debris flow deposits in submarine fan was set up.
The deep-water Zhujiang Formation in Baiyun sag of Pearl River Mouth basin has been a new area for hydrocarbon exploration and development,but there is still much controversy about the genesis of massive sandstone reservoirs.Based on comprehensive analysis of composition,sedimentary structures,grain size distribution,ancient topography as well as seismic and logging data,the Zhujiang Formation was deposited by submarine fan system,and a wide range of thick massive sandstoneswere products of sandy debris flow filling withininner-middle fan channels.According to detailed features and identification signs,the sandy debris flow was related to gravitational slump and sand collapse of sandbodies from the shelf edge delta front triggered by certainmechanism duringsignificant sea-level falling,and then the "Source-Drainage-Sink" coupling model of sandy debris flow deposits in submarine fan was set up.
引文
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[13]庞雄,陈长民,邵磊,等.白云运动:南海北部渐新统—中新统重大地质事件及其意义[J].地质论评,2007,53(2):145-151.Pang Xiong,Chen Chang-min,Shao Lei,et al.Baiyun Movement,A Great Tectonic Event on theOligocene-Miocene Boundary in The Northern SouthChina Sea and Its Implications[J].GeologicalReview,2007,53(2):145-151.
[14]魏喜,邓晋福,陈亦寒.南海盆地中生代海相沉积地层分布特征及勘探潜力分析[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2005,35(4):456-461.Wei Xi,Deng Jin-fu,Chen Yi-han.DistributionCharacters and Exploration Potential of Mesozoic SeaFacies Sedimentary Strata in the South China SeaBasin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth ScienceEdition,2005,35(4):456-461.
[15]张昌民,张尚锋,朱锐,等.珠江口盆地砂岩侵入体的识别特征及其石油地质意义[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):188-194.Zhang Chang-min,Zhang Shang-feng,Zhu Rui,etal.Recognition Criteria for Sand Injectites in theZhujiangkou Basin and Their Significance inPetroleum Geology[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):188-194.
[16]徐强,王英民,王丹,等.南海白云凹陷深水区渐新世—中新世断阶陆架坡折沉积过程响应[J].沉积学报,2010,28(5):906-916.Xu Qiang,Wang Ying-min,Wang Dan,et al.Sedimentary Responses of Retreating Shelf Breakfrom Oligocene to Miocene,in Deep-Water Area ofBaiyun Depression,South China Sea[J].ActaSedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(5):906-916.
[17]张忠涛,秦成岗,高鹏,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷北坡陆架坡折带地质特征及其油气勘探潜力[J].天然气工业,2011,31(5):39-44.Zhang Zhong-tao,Qin Cheng-gang,Gao Peng,et al.Geological Characteristics and Exploration Potentialsof the Shelf Break Zone on the North Slope of theBaiyun Depression,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(5):39-44.
[18]吴昌荣,彭大钧,庞雄,等.南海珠江深水扇系统的沉积构造背景分析[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2006,33(3):221-227.Wu Chang-rong,Peng Da-jun,Pang Xiong,et al.An Analysis of the Structural Background of theSedimentation of the Zhujiang Deep-Water FanSystem in the South China Sea[J].Journal ofChengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,2006,33(3):221-227.
[19]Shanmugam G.Deep-Marine Tidal Bottom Currentsand Their Reworked Sands in Submarine Canyons:Implications for Sand Distribution.Denver.Colorado[C]//AAPG Annual Convention Abstracts.Denver:[s.n.],2001,184.
[20]邵磊,李献华,汪品先,等.南海渐新世以来构造演化的沉积记录:ODP1148站深海沉积物中证据[J].地球科学进展,2004,19(4):539-544.Shao Lei,Li Xian-hua,Wang Pin-xian,et al.Sedimentary Record of the Tectonic Evolution of theSouth China Sea Since the Oligocene:Evidence fromDeep Sea Sediments of ODP Site 1148[J].Advance inEarth Sciences,2004,19(4):539-544.
[21]李云,郑荣才,朱国金,等.珠江口盆地荔湾3-1气田珠江组深水扇沉积相分析[J].沉积学报,2011,29(4):665-676.Li Yun,Zheng Rong-cai,Zhu Guo-jin,et al.Faciesand Depositional Model of a Deep-Water Fan in theZhujiang Formation,Liwan 3-1 Gas Field,BaiyunSag,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].ActaSedimentologica Sinica,2011,29(4):665-676.
[22]李云,郑荣才,朱国金,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷荔湾3-1气田珠江组深水牵引流沉积特征[J].海洋学报,2012,34(1):127-135.Li Yun,Zheng Rong-cai,Zhu Guo-jin,et al.Deep-Water Tractive Deposition in Zhujiang Formation,Baiyun Sag,Zhujiang River Mouth Basin and ItsGeological Implications[J].Acta OceanologicaSinica,2012,34(1):127-135.
[23]秦国权.珠江口盆地新生代晚期层序地层划分和海平面变化[J].中国海上油气:地质,2002,16(1):1-10.Qin Guo-quan.Late Cenozoic Sequence Stratigraphyand Sea-Level Changes in Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2002,16(1):1-10.
[24]庞雄,柳保军,颜承志,等.关于南海北部深水重力流沉积问题的讨论[J].海洋学报,2012,34(3):114-119.Pang Xiong,Liu Bao-jun,Yan Cheng-zhi,et al.Some Reviews on Deep-Water Gravity-FlowDeposition in the Northern South China Sea[J].ActaOceanologica Sinica,2012,34(3):114-119.
[2]彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等.从浅水陆架走向深水陆坡:南海深水扇系统的研究[J].沉积学报,2005,23(1):1-11.Peng Da-jun,Pang Xiong,Chen Chang-min,et al.From Shallow-Water Shelf to Deep-Water Slope:TheStudy on Deep-Water Fan Systems in South China Sea[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005,23(1):1-11.
[3]庞雄,陈长民,施和生,等.相对海平面变化与南海珠江深水扇系统的响应[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):167-177.Pang Xiong,Chen Chang-min,Shi He-sheng,et al.Response Between Relative Sea-Level Change and thePearl River Deep-Water Fan System in the South ChinaSea1[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(3):167-177.
[4]庞雄,申俊,袁立忠,等.南海珠江深水扇系统及其油气勘探前景[J].石油学报,2006,27(3):11-15.Pang Xiong,Shen Jun,Yuan Li-zhong,et al.Petroleum Prospect in Deep-Water Fan System of thePearl River in the South China Sea[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,2006,27(3):11-15.
[5]李云,郑荣才,高博禹,等.深水扇沉积研究现状和展望:以珠江口盆地白云凹陷珠江深水扇系统为例[J].地质论评,2010,56(4):549-560.Li Yun,Zheng Rong-cai,Gao Bo-yu,et al.Reviewsand Prospects on Submarine Fan Deposition:A CaseStudy of Zhujiang Submarine Fan System in BaiyunDepression,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].GeologicalReview,2010,56(4):549-560.
[6]李云,郑荣才,朱国金,等.沉积物重力流研究进展综述[J].地球科学进展,2011,26(2):157-165.Li Yun,Zheng Rong-cai,Zhu Guo-jin,et al.Reviewson Sediment Gravity Flow[J].Advances in EarthScience,2011,26(2):157-165.
[7]王昌勇,郑荣才,高博禹,等.珠江口盆地荔湾地区珠江组深水扇沉积特征[J].中国地质,2010,37(6):1628-1637.Wang Chang-yong,Zheng Rong-cai,Gao Bo-yu,et al.Depositional Features of Submarine Fan in ZhujiangFormation in Liwan Gas Field,Pearl River MouthBasin[J].Geology in China,2010,37(6):1628-1637.
[8]Walker R G.Deep-Water Sandstone Facies and An-cient Submarine Fans:Models for Exploration forStratigraphic Traps[J].AAPG Bulletin,1978,62:932-966.
[9]Coussot P,Meunier M.Recognition,Classificationand Mechanical Description of Debris Flows[J].Earth-Science Reviews,1996,40(3/4):209-227.
[10]Shanmugam G.Perception vs Reality in Deep-WaterExploration[J].World Oil,1996,217:37-41.
[11]Shanmugam G.50Years of the Turbidite Paradigm(1950s-1990s):Deep-Water Processes and FaciesModels:A Critical Perspective[J].Marine andPetroleum Geology,2000,17:285-342.
[12]张兴阳,罗顺社,何幼斌.沉积物重力流深水牵引流沉积组合:鲍玛序列多解性探讨[J].江汉石油学院学报,2001,23(1):1-4.Zhang Xing-yang,Luo Shun-she,He You-bin.Deposit Assemblage of Gravity Flow and TractionCurrent in Deep Water:A Study of the MultipleInterpretation of the Bouma Sequence[J].Journal ofJianghan Petroleum Institute,2001,23(1):1-4.
[13]庞雄,陈长民,邵磊,等.白云运动:南海北部渐新统—中新统重大地质事件及其意义[J].地质论评,2007,53(2):145-151.Pang Xiong,Chen Chang-min,Shao Lei,et al.Baiyun Movement,A Great Tectonic Event on theOligocene-Miocene Boundary in The Northern SouthChina Sea and Its Implications[J].GeologicalReview,2007,53(2):145-151.
[14]魏喜,邓晋福,陈亦寒.南海盆地中生代海相沉积地层分布特征及勘探潜力分析[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2005,35(4):456-461.Wei Xi,Deng Jin-fu,Chen Yi-han.DistributionCharacters and Exploration Potential of Mesozoic SeaFacies Sedimentary Strata in the South China SeaBasin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth ScienceEdition,2005,35(4):456-461.
[15]张昌民,张尚锋,朱锐,等.珠江口盆地砂岩侵入体的识别特征及其石油地质意义[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):188-194.Zhang Chang-min,Zhang Shang-feng,Zhu Rui,etal.Recognition Criteria for Sand Injectites in theZhujiangkou Basin and Their Significance inPetroleum Geology[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):188-194.
[16]徐强,王英民,王丹,等.南海白云凹陷深水区渐新世—中新世断阶陆架坡折沉积过程响应[J].沉积学报,2010,28(5):906-916.Xu Qiang,Wang Ying-min,Wang Dan,et al.Sedimentary Responses of Retreating Shelf Breakfrom Oligocene to Miocene,in Deep-Water Area ofBaiyun Depression,South China Sea[J].ActaSedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(5):906-916.
[17]张忠涛,秦成岗,高鹏,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷北坡陆架坡折带地质特征及其油气勘探潜力[J].天然气工业,2011,31(5):39-44.Zhang Zhong-tao,Qin Cheng-gang,Gao Peng,et al.Geological Characteristics and Exploration Potentialsof the Shelf Break Zone on the North Slope of theBaiyun Depression,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(5):39-44.
[18]吴昌荣,彭大钧,庞雄,等.南海珠江深水扇系统的沉积构造背景分析[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2006,33(3):221-227.Wu Chang-rong,Peng Da-jun,Pang Xiong,et al.An Analysis of the Structural Background of theSedimentation of the Zhujiang Deep-Water FanSystem in the South China Sea[J].Journal ofChengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,2006,33(3):221-227.
[19]Shanmugam G.Deep-Marine Tidal Bottom Currentsand Their Reworked Sands in Submarine Canyons:Implications for Sand Distribution.Denver.Colorado[C]//AAPG Annual Convention Abstracts.Denver:[s.n.],2001,184.
[20]邵磊,李献华,汪品先,等.南海渐新世以来构造演化的沉积记录:ODP1148站深海沉积物中证据[J].地球科学进展,2004,19(4):539-544.Shao Lei,Li Xian-hua,Wang Pin-xian,et al.Sedimentary Record of the Tectonic Evolution of theSouth China Sea Since the Oligocene:Evidence fromDeep Sea Sediments of ODP Site 1148[J].Advance inEarth Sciences,2004,19(4):539-544.
[21]李云,郑荣才,朱国金,等.珠江口盆地荔湾3-1气田珠江组深水扇沉积相分析[J].沉积学报,2011,29(4):665-676.Li Yun,Zheng Rong-cai,Zhu Guo-jin,et al.Faciesand Depositional Model of a Deep-Water Fan in theZhujiang Formation,Liwan 3-1 Gas Field,BaiyunSag,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].ActaSedimentologica Sinica,2011,29(4):665-676.
[22]李云,郑荣才,朱国金,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷荔湾3-1气田珠江组深水牵引流沉积特征[J].海洋学报,2012,34(1):127-135.Li Yun,Zheng Rong-cai,Zhu Guo-jin,et al.Deep-Water Tractive Deposition in Zhujiang Formation,Baiyun Sag,Zhujiang River Mouth Basin and ItsGeological Implications[J].Acta OceanologicaSinica,2012,34(1):127-135.
[23]秦国权.珠江口盆地新生代晚期层序地层划分和海平面变化[J].中国海上油气:地质,2002,16(1):1-10.Qin Guo-quan.Late Cenozoic Sequence Stratigraphyand Sea-Level Changes in Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2002,16(1):1-10.
[24]庞雄,柳保军,颜承志,等.关于南海北部深水重力流沉积问题的讨论[J].海洋学报,2012,34(3):114-119.Pang Xiong,Liu Bao-jun,Yan Cheng-zhi,et al.Some Reviews on Deep-Water Gravity-FlowDeposition in the Northern South China Sea[J].ActaOceanologica Sinica,2012,34(3):114-119.
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