宽浅型湖盆层序地层学研究:以塔里木盆地古近系为例
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摘要
基于塔里木盆地古近系虽然沉积厚度较小,但沉积相类型丰富(包括河流相、湖泊相、三角洲相、冲积扇相和碳酸盐岩台地相等),综合野外露头资料、测井资料以及地震资料进行分析。研究结果表明:古近系可识别出5个层序界面,划分出4个三级层序;除第1层序分布较局限外,其他层序在塔里木盆地均有分布;塔里木盆地古近系层序的分布特征受到古地貌的控制,塔里木盆地内部地势相对平坦,沉积期水体浅;宽浅型湖盆层序内部以低位体系域和湖侵体系域为主,局部发育高位体系域;在盆地边缘的坳陷区,各层序体系域发育齐全,沉积厚度较大;与一般陆相三级层序不同的是,宽浅型湖泊层序低位体系域最发育,湖侵体系域沉积厚度小,且沉积物粒度细,高位体系域发育不全,多被剥蚀。
The thickness of Paleogene is small in Tarim basin,but sedimentary types including fluvial,lake,delta and alluvial fan are abundant.Based on outcrops,logging data and seismic data,5 sequence boundaries and 4 third-order sequences were recognized in Paleogene in Tarim basin.The results show that sequences distribute all over the Tarim basin,except the first sequence distributed locally.The distribution feature is controlled by paleogeomorphic and the terrain in Tarim basin is flatter relatively.The body of lake is shallow and clear in Tarim basin.The sequences develop lowstand system tract and trangressive system tract well in Tarim basin,and highstand system tract presents locally in Tarim basin.The sequences developing on margin of Tarim basin develop fully,and deposition thickness is high.The sequences developing in wide-shallow lake have features that are different from other types sequences developing in continental.The low system tract develops best among three system tracts,and thickness of trangressive system tract is smaller and grain is finer.The high stand system tract does not present well because of the erosion.
The thickness of Paleogene is small in Tarim basin,but sedimentary types including fluvial,lake,delta and alluvial fan are abundant.Based on outcrops,logging data and seismic data,5 sequence boundaries and 4 third-order sequences were recognized in Paleogene in Tarim basin.The results show that sequences distribute all over the Tarim basin,except the first sequence distributed locally.The distribution feature is controlled by paleogeomorphic and the terrain in Tarim basin is flatter relatively.The body of lake is shallow and clear in Tarim basin.The sequences develop lowstand system tract and trangressive system tract well in Tarim basin,and highstand system tract presents locally in Tarim basin.The sequences developing on margin of Tarim basin develop fully,and deposition thickness is high.The sequences developing in wide-shallow lake have features that are different from other types sequences developing in continental.The low system tract develops best among three system tracts,and thickness of trangressive system tract is smaller and grain is finer.The high stand system tract does not present well because of the erosion.
引文
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[12]沈扬,马玉杰,赵力彬,等.库车坳陷东部古近系-白垩系储层控制因素及有利勘探区[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(2):137-139.SHEN Yang,MA Yu-jie,ZHAO Li-bin,et al.Controlling factors of the Paleogene-Cretaceous reservoirs and potential exploration areas in the eastern Kuqa Depression[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2009,30(2):137-139.
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[17]马华东,扬子江.塔里木盆地西南新生代盆地演化特征[J].新疆地质,2003,21(1):95.MA Hua-dong,YANG Zhi-jiang.Evolution of the Cenozoic in southwestern Tarim basin[J].Xinjiang Geology,2003,21(1):95.
[18]贾进华.陆相前陆盆地沉积充填与层序地层模式探讨—以库车前陆盆地为例[J].现代地质,2009,23(4):741-743.JIA Jin-hua.Discussion of depositional filling and sequence stratigraphy model of continental foreland basin:Taking the Kuqa foreland basin as an example[J].Geoscience,2009,23(4):741-743.
[19]丁文龙,林畅松,漆立新,等.塔里木盆地巴楚隆起构造格架及形成演化[J].地学前缘,2008,15(2):243-251.DING Wen-long,LIN Chang-song,QI Li-xin,et al.Structural framework and evolution of Bachu uplift in Tarim basin[J].Earth Science Frontier,2008,15(2):243-251.
[20]郝诒纯,关绍曾,叶留生,等.塔里木盆地西部地区新近纪地层及古地理特征[J].地质学报,2002,76(3):290-295.HAO Yi-cun,GUAN Shao-zeng,YE Liu-sheng,et al.Neogene stratigraphy and Palaeo-geography in the western Tarim basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2002,76(3):290-295.
[21]郑和荣,李铁军,蔡立国,等.中国中西部前陆冲断褶皱带油气地质条件及勘探建议[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(2):157-158.ZHENG He-rong,LI Tie-jun,CHAI Li-guo,et al.Petroleum geologic conditions in foreland thrust-fold belts in west-central China and proposals for exploration[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2004,25(2):157-158.
[2]王生朗.一种广盆式浅水湖泊沉积特点[J].断块油气田,1998,5(1):9-12.WANG Sheng-lang.Characteristics of a kind of broad basin shallow lacustrine deposit[J].Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field,1998,5(1):9-12.
[3]王蛟.山东沾化凹陷孤岛油田馆上段浅水湖泊沉积[J].沉积学报,2007,37(3):501-503.WANG Jiao.Oscillating shallow lacustrine sediment of the upper Guantao formation of gudao oilfield in Zhanhua seg,Shandong Province[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,37(3):501-503.
[4]朱伟林,李建平,周心怀,等.渤海新近系浅水三角洲沉积体系与大型油气田勘探[J].沉积学报,2008,26(4):589-593.ZHU Wei-lin,LI Jian-ping,ZHOU Xin-huai,et al.Neogene shallow water deltaic system and large hydrocarbon accumulations in BohaiBay,China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2008,26(4):589-593.
[5]邵龙义,何志平,顾家裕,等.塔里木盆地古近纪岩相古地理[J].古地理学报,2006,8(3):355-358.SHAO Long-yi,HE Zhi-ping,GU Jia-yu,et al.Lithofacies palaeogeography of the Paleogene in Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Paleogeography,2006,8(3):355-358.
[6]朱如凯,郭宏莉,高志勇,等.塔里木盆地北部地区古近系-白垩系储层质量影响因素探讨[J].地质论评,2007,53(5):625-627.ZHU Ru-kai,GUO Hong-li,GAO Zhi-yong,et al.Probe into influence factors to the physical properties of the Cretaceous and Eogene reservoir in northern Tarim Basin[J].Geological Review,2007,53(5):625-627.
[7]邵龙义,罗文林,顾家裕,等.塔里木盆地古近系层序地层研究[J].古地理学报,2007,9(3):285-288.SHAO Long-yi,LUO Wen-lin,GU Jia-yu,et al.A basin-wide sequence stratigraphic analysis of the Paleogene in Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Paleogeography,2007,9(3):285-288.
[8]王琪,陈国俊,薛莲花,等.塔里木西部白垩系-古近系沉积成岩演化特征[J].新疆地质,2002,20(3):27-29.WANG Qi,CHEN Guo-jun,XUE Lian-hua,et al.Sedimentary and diagenetic evolution of the upper Cretaceous-Eogene in第9期刘辰生,等:宽浅型湖盆层序地层学研究:以塔里木盆地古近系为例Western Tarim basin[J].Xinjiang Geology,2002,20(3):27-29.Basin[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2004,23(8):751-755.
[9]刘景彦,丁孝忠,邱以刚,等.新疆库车坳陷古近系苏维依组高精度层序地层及其发育的主控因素探讨[J].高校地质学报,2009,15(3):319-326.LIU Jing-yan,DING Xiao-zhong,QIU Yi-gang,et al.High-resolution sequence stratigraphy study on the Palaeogene Suweiyi formation in Kuqa depression of Xinjiang region and depression on its major controlling factors[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2009,15(3):319-326.
[10]刘景彦,林畅松,赖兴运,等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷古近系库姆格列木群底砂岩段沉积古地理和物源体系[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2008,27(6):543.LIU Jing-yan,LIN Chang-song,LAI Xing-yu,et al.Depositional paleogeography and source rock analysis of the lower sandstone part of Eogene Kumugeliemu Group in Kuqa depression[J].Acta Petrologica ET Mineralogica,2008,27(6):543.
[11]刘景彦,王清华,林畅松,等.库车坳陷西部古近系库姆格列木群层序-体系域[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(6):652-653.LIU Jing-yan,WANG Qing-hua,LIN Chang-song,et al.Sequence and systems tract of Paleogene Kumugeliemu Group in Western Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2008,35(6):652-653.
[12]沈扬,马玉杰,赵力彬,等.库车坳陷东部古近系-白垩系储层控制因素及有利勘探区[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(2):137-139.SHEN Yang,MA Yu-jie,ZHAO Li-bin,et al.Controlling factors of the Paleogene-Cretaceous reservoirs and potential exploration areas in the eastern Kuqa Depression[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2009,30(2):137-139.
[13]薛红兵,朱如凯,郭宏莉,等.塔里木盆地北部古近系-白垩系成岩相及其储集性能[J].新疆石油地质,2008,29(1):49-50.XU Hong-bing,ZHU Ru-kai,GUO Hong-li,et al.Diagenetic facies and reservoir quality of Paleogene-Cretaceous in northern Tarim Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2008,29(1):49-50.
[14]郭宪璞,苏新,丁孝忠,等.塔里木盆地北缘白垩系-古近系界线研究[J].地质通报,2004,23(8):751-755.GUO Xian-pu,SU Xin,DING Xiao-zhong,et al.Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary on the northern margin of the Tarim
[15]郭宪璞,王大宁,丁孝忠,等.塔里木盆地吐依洛克组发现沟鞭藻化石[J].地质论评,2008,54(6):817.GUO Xian-pu,WANG Da-ning,DING Xiao-zhong,et al.Discovery of Dinoflagellates from the Tuyiluoke Formation in Tarim Basin[J].Geological Review,2008,54(6):817.
[16]曲国胜,李亦纲,张宁,等.塔里木西南缘-齐姆根弧-前陆构造及形成机理[J].地质论评,2004,50(6):569-571.QU Guo-sheng,LI Yi-gang,ZHANG Ning,et al.A study on the foreland structure of the Qimugen Arc in Southwest Tarim and its genetic mechanism[J].Geological Review,2004,50(6):569-571.
[17]马华东,扬子江.塔里木盆地西南新生代盆地演化特征[J].新疆地质,2003,21(1):95.MA Hua-dong,YANG Zhi-jiang.Evolution of the Cenozoic in southwestern Tarim basin[J].Xinjiang Geology,2003,21(1):95.
[18]贾进华.陆相前陆盆地沉积充填与层序地层模式探讨—以库车前陆盆地为例[J].现代地质,2009,23(4):741-743.JIA Jin-hua.Discussion of depositional filling and sequence stratigraphy model of continental foreland basin:Taking the Kuqa foreland basin as an example[J].Geoscience,2009,23(4):741-743.
[19]丁文龙,林畅松,漆立新,等.塔里木盆地巴楚隆起构造格架及形成演化[J].地学前缘,2008,15(2):243-251.DING Wen-long,LIN Chang-song,QI Li-xin,et al.Structural framework and evolution of Bachu uplift in Tarim basin[J].Earth Science Frontier,2008,15(2):243-251.
[20]郝诒纯,关绍曾,叶留生,等.塔里木盆地西部地区新近纪地层及古地理特征[J].地质学报,2002,76(3):290-295.HAO Yi-cun,GUAN Shao-zeng,YE Liu-sheng,et al.Neogene stratigraphy and Palaeo-geography in the western Tarim basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2002,76(3):290-295.
[21]郑和荣,李铁军,蔡立国,等.中国中西部前陆冲断褶皱带油气地质条件及勘探建议[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(2):157-158.ZHENG He-rong,LI Tie-jun,CHAI Li-guo,et al.Petroleum geologic conditions in foreland thrust-fold belts in west-central China and proposals for exploration[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2004,25(2):157-158.
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