西湖凹陷花港组层序地层划分和聚煤特征
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摘要
为了揭示西湖凹陷花港组的聚煤特征及煤层在层序内部的发育位置和分布,在对西湖凹陷地震、钻测井及岩芯资料综合分析的基础上,运用层序地层学、沉积学及煤地质学的有关理论和方法,识别出两个长期基准面旋回和7个中期基准面旋回,且花港组发育煤层的主要沉积环境有河流、湖泊三角洲、辫状河三角洲及湖泊,其中长期基准面旋回LSC4中发育煤层的主要沉积环境有河流、湖泊三角洲及辫状河三角洲,长期基准面旋回LSC5中发育煤层的沉积环境主要为湖泊。在长期基准面旋回LSC4中煤层主要发育于中期基准面旋回的最大可容纳空间处,长期基准面旋回LSC5中煤层主要发育于该旋回的上升半旋回中,并且这两个长期基准面旋回中发育的煤层在平面分布特征上表现为东厚西薄。可容纳空间的大小控制着花港组煤层的发育,在长期基准面旋回最大可容纳空间附近形成的煤层在全区均有分布,而在中期基准面旋回最大可容纳空间附近形成的煤层分布范围较小。
For unveiling coal accumulation characteristics,coal seam development location and distribution in sequence of Huagang Formation in Xihu depression,on the basis of comprehensive analysis to seismic,drilling,logging and core data,after application of relevant theory and means of sequence stratigraphy,sedimentology and coal geology,two long-term base level cycles and seven mid-term base level cycles were recognized and the main sedimentary environment developing coal seam were fluvial,lake delta,braided river delta and lake in Huafang Formation;and the main sedimentary environment developing coal seam in long-term base level cycle 4 were fluvial,lake delta and braided river delta,the main sedimentary environment developing coal seam in long-term base level cycle 5 were lake.Coal seams mainly developed in the maximum accommodation of mid-term base level cycles in long-term base level cycle 4,and coal seams mainly developed in increasing long-term base level cycle 5,and the plane distribution characteristics of coal seams in long-term base level cycle 4 and long-term base level cycle 5 are thick in east and thin in west.The developing coal seams in Huagang Formation are controlled by the size of accommodation,coal seams developing near the maximum accommodation of long-term base level cycle are distributing in the whole section,but the distributing area of coal seams developing near the maximum accommodation of mid-term base level cycle are less.
For unveiling coal accumulation characteristics,coal seam development location and distribution in sequence of Huagang Formation in Xihu depression,on the basis of comprehensive analysis to seismic,drilling,logging and core data,after application of relevant theory and means of sequence stratigraphy,sedimentology and coal geology,two long-term base level cycles and seven mid-term base level cycles were recognized and the main sedimentary environment developing coal seam were fluvial,lake delta,braided river delta and lake in Huafang Formation;and the main sedimentary environment developing coal seam in long-term base level cycle 4 were fluvial,lake delta and braided river delta,the main sedimentary environment developing coal seam in long-term base level cycle 5 were lake.Coal seams mainly developed in the maximum accommodation of mid-term base level cycles in long-term base level cycle 4,and coal seams mainly developed in increasing long-term base level cycle 5,and the plane distribution characteristics of coal seams in long-term base level cycle 4 and long-term base level cycle 5 are thick in east and thin in west.The developing coal seams in Huagang Formation are controlled by the size of accommodation,coal seams developing near the maximum accommodation of long-term base level cycle are distributing in the whole section,but the distributing area of coal seams developing near the maximum accommodation of mid-term base level cycle are less.
引文
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[20]宋小勇,储呈林,芮志峰.东海盆地西湖凹陷构造样式及其演化[J].高校地质学报,2010,16(1):86-93.Song Xiaoyong,Chu Chenglin,Rui Zhifeng.Structural frameworkand evolution of Xihu sag in East China sea basin[J].GeologicalJournal of China Universities,2010,16(1):86-93.
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[2]Bohacs K,Suter J.Sequence stratigraphic distribution of coaly rocks:fundamental controls and paralic examples[J].AAPG Bulletin,1997,81:1612-1639.
[3]Diessel C F K,Boyd R,Wadsworth J,et al.On balanced and unbal-anced accommodationr/peat accumulation ratios in the Cretaceouscoals from Gates Formation,Western Canada,and their sequence-stratigraphic significance[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2000,43:143-186.
[4]Diessel C F K,Gammidge L.Isometamorphic variations in the reflec-tance and fluorescence of vitrinite:a key to depositional environment[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,1998,36:167-222.
[5]Holz M,Kalkreuth W,Banerjee I.Sequence stratigraphy of paraliccoal-bearing strata:an overview[J].International Journal of CoalGeology,2002,48:147-179.
[6]Shearer J C,Staub J R,Moore T A.The conundrum of coal bedthickness:a theory for stacked mire sequences[J].The Journal ofGeology,1994,102:611-617.
[7]Hamilton D S,Tadros N Z.Utility of coal seams as genetic strati-graphic sequence boundaries in non-marine basins:an example fromthe Gunnedah Basin,Australia[J].AAPG Bulletin,1994,78:267-286.
[8]Aitken J F.Utility of coal seams as genetic stratigraphic sequenceboundaries in non-marine basins:an example from the Gunnedah Ba-sin,Australia:discussion[J].AAPG Bulletin,1995,79:1179-1181.
[9]Banerjee J,Kalkreuth W,Davies E.Coal seam splits and transgress-ive-regressive coal couplets:a key to stratigraphy of high-frequencysequences[J].Geology,1996,24:1001-1004.
[10]李鑫,庄新国,周继兵,等.准东煤田中部矿区西山窑组巨厚煤层煤相分析[J].地质科技情报,2010,29(5):84-88.Li Xin,Zhuang Xinguo,Zhou Jibing,et al.Coal facies analysis ofthick coal seam of middle Jurassic Xishanyao formation in the mid-dle part of Eastern Jungger coal field,Xinjiang[J].Geological Sci-ence and Technology Information,2010,29(5):84-88.
[11]何起祥,业冶铮,张明书,等.受限陆表海的海侵模式[J].沉积学报,1991,9(1):1-10.He Qixiang,Ye Yezheng,Zhang Mingshu,et al.Transgression mod-el of restricted epicontinental sea[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1991,9(1):1-10.
[12]李增学,李守春,魏久传.事件性海侵与煤聚集规律-鲁西晚石炭世富煤单元的形成[J].岩相古地理,1995,15(1):1-9.Li Zengxue,Li Shouchun,Wei Jiuchuan.Accumulation:an exampleform the late carboniferous cola-rich units in the western Shandongcoal fields[J].Sedimentary Facies and Palaeogeography,1995,15(1):1-9.
[13]李增学,李守春,魏久传.鲁西煤田内陆表海含煤层序的小层序类型及煤聚集规律[J].沉积学报,1996,14(3):38-46.Li Zengxue,Li Shouchun,Wei Jiuchuan.Types of parasequenceand law of coal accumulation of coal-bearing sequence in the paleo-zoic epicontinental sea basin of western Shandong coal field[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1996,14(3):38-46.
[14]李增学,李守春,韩美莲.海侵事件成煤作用———一种新的聚煤模式[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(1):120-125.Li Zengxue,Li Shouchun,Han Meilian.Coal formation in trans-gressive events:a new pattern of coal accumulation[J].Advance inEarth Sciences,2001,16(1):120-125.
[15]李增学,余继峰,郭建斌.华北陆表海盆地海侵事件聚煤作用研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2002,30(5):1-5.Li Zengxue,Yu Jifeng,Guo Jianbin.Study on coal accumulation un-der marine transgressive events in the epicontinental basin of NorthChina[J].Coal Geologyan&Exploration,2002,30(5):1-5.
[16]邵龙义,张鹏飞,窦建伟,等.含煤岩系层序地层分析的新认识———兼论河北晚古生代层序地层格架[J].中国矿业大学学报,1999,28(1):20-24.Shao Longyi,Zhang Pengfei,Dou Jianwei,et al.New considerationson coal measures sequence stratigraphy:a case study from the latePaleozoic coal measures in North Hebei[J].Journal of China Uni-versity of Mining&Technology,1999,28(1):20-24.
[17]邵龙义,鲁静,汪浩,等.近海型含煤岩系沉积学及层序地层学研究进展[J].古地理学报,2008,10(6):561-570.Shao Longyi,Lu Jing,Wang Hao,et al.Advances in sedimentologyand sequence stratigraphy of paralic coal measures[J].Journal ofPalaeogeography,2008,10(6):561-570.
[18]张远兴,叶加仁,苏克露,等.东海西湖凹陷沉降史与构造演化[J].大地构造与成矿学,2009,33(2):215-223.Zhang Yuanxing,Ye Jiaren,Su Kelu,et al.The burial history andevolution of Xihu depression[J].Geotectonica Etmetallogenia,2009,33(2):215-223.
[19]何将启,梁世友,陈拥峰,等.东海盆地西湖凹陷新生代构造演化对油气的控制作用———以平湖组油气响应为例[J].石油地质实验地质,2008,30(3):221-226.He Jiangqi,Liang Shiyou,Chen Yongfeng,et al.Control on petrole-um by cenozoic tectonic evolution in the Xihu sag,the east Chinasea basin-taking petroleum response of the Pinghu Formation as anexample[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2008,30(3):221-226.
[20]宋小勇,储呈林,芮志峰.东海盆地西湖凹陷构造样式及其演化[J].高校地质学报,2010,16(1):86-93.Song Xiaoyong,Chu Chenglin,Rui Zhifeng.Structural frameworkand evolution of Xihu sag in East China sea basin[J].GeologicalJournal of China Universities,2010,16(1):86-93.
[21]武法东,李思田,陆永潮,等.东海陆架盆地第三纪海平面变化[J].地质科学,1998,33(2):214-221.Wu Fadong,Li Sitian,Lu Yongchao,et al.The tertiary sea-levelchanges in the East China sea shelf basin[J].Scientia GeologicaSinica,1998,33(2):214-221.
[22]武法东,陆永潮,李思田,等.东海陆架盆地第三系层序地层格架与海平面变化[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报,1998,23(1):13-20.Wu Fadong,Lu Yongchao,Li Sitian,et al.Tertiary sequence stratig-raphy framework and sea-level changes in the East China sea shelfbasin[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosci-ences,1998,23(1):13-20.
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