塔里木盆地下古生界碳酸盐岩台缘结构特征及其演化
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摘要
台缘斜坡带以发育灰泥丘烃源岩和礁滩相储层备受关注,而台地结构样式制约着台缘斜坡带的发育类型和空间展布格局。在地震、测井、岩心、露头等资料的综合分析基础上,研究发现塔里木盆地下古生界发育缓坡型、镶边型、孤立型和淹没型4种碳酸盐岩台地结构样式。同一时期的不同地区台地结构样式存在差异:寒武纪时期,塔中、塔北为进积缓坡型碳酸盐岩台地,而塔西南为退积缓斜坡型碳酸盐岩台地;早奥陶世时期,塔北为退积镶边型碳酸盐岩台地,而塔中、塔西南地区则为加积镶边型碳酸盐岩台地。台地结构在纵向上发育演化的同时,台缘坡折带在平面上也发生迁移变化:寒武纪时期台缘坡折带环绕着西部台地呈向西开口的"U"字型分布;早中奥陶世塔西南地区的台缘斜坡带向盆内迁移,塔中、塘南地区分别发育中古台槽和塘南台缘坡折带;晚奥陶世时期塔里木盆地整体呈现"3个半岛型台地"、"4个台地边缘相带"的沉积格局。塔西南地区寒武—奥陶纪的台缘坡折带、塔中地区早、中奥陶世的中古台槽以及塘南地区奥陶纪台缘斜坡带的发现,对塔里木盆地早古生代沉积格局的重新认识具有重要意义。
The platform slope is concerned because the lime-mud mound source and bank-reef facies reservoir are developed there and its development is controlled by the platform structure style.Basing on the comprehensive research of seismic,logging,core,and outcrop data,it is proposed that four types of carbonate platformis developed in Cambrian-Ordovician in Tarim basin,i.e.ramp carbonate platform,rimmed shelf carbonate platform,isolated carbonate platform and drowned carbonate platform.The structure style of carbonate platform has distinct diversities in different areas in the same phase and the slope distribution has migrated in different phases.The prograded ramp carbonate platform is developed in Cambrian in the central and northern Tarim basin,while the retrogradated wide gentle slope occurs in Cambrian in the southwestern Tarim basin.The retrogradated rimmed shelf carbonate platform is developed in Early Ordovician in the northern Tarim basin,while the aggraded rimmed shelf carbonate platform occurs in Early Ordovician in the southwestern and central Tarim basin.The platform slope is formed in Cambrian,distributes around the west platform,represents U shape toward west,and the platform slope is formed in Early-Middle Ordovician migrates toward platform.The integrity attributes of the slope in Later Ordovician is that the three platform slopes distribute around four islands.The existences of the platform slope of the southwestern and central Tarim basin and Tangnan area play an important role inreservoirevaluation and source predication in Tarim basin.
The platform slope is concerned because the lime-mud mound source and bank-reef facies reservoir are developed there and its development is controlled by the platform structure style.Basing on the comprehensive research of seismic,logging,core,and outcrop data,it is proposed that four types of carbonate platformis developed in Cambrian-Ordovician in Tarim basin,i.e.ramp carbonate platform,rimmed shelf carbonate platform,isolated carbonate platform and drowned carbonate platform.The structure style of carbonate platform has distinct diversities in different areas in the same phase and the slope distribution has migrated in different phases.The prograded ramp carbonate platform is developed in Cambrian in the central and northern Tarim basin,while the retrogradated wide gentle slope occurs in Cambrian in the southwestern Tarim basin.The retrogradated rimmed shelf carbonate platform is developed in Early Ordovician in the northern Tarim basin,while the aggraded rimmed shelf carbonate platform occurs in Early Ordovician in the southwestern and central Tarim basin.The platform slope is formed in Cambrian,distributes around the west platform,represents U shape toward west,and the platform slope is formed in Early-Middle Ordovician migrates toward platform.The integrity attributes of the slope in Later Ordovician is that the three platform slopes distribute around four islands.The existences of the platform slope of the southwestern and central Tarim basin and Tangnan area play an important role inreservoirevaluation and source predication in Tarim basin.
引文
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[9]杨树锋,陈汉林,董传万,等.西昆仑山库地蛇绿岩的特征及其构造意义[J].地质科学,1999,34(3):281-288.Yang Shu-feng,Chen Han-lin,Dong Chuan-wan,etal.The Characteristics of Kudi Ophiolite Suite and ItsTectonic Setting[J].Scientia Geologica Sinica,1999,34(3):281-288.
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[3]高志前,樊太亮,焦志峰,等.塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系碳酸盐岩台地样式及其沉积响应特征[J].沉积学报,2006,24(1):19-27.Gao Zhi-qian,Fan Tai-liang,Jiao Zhi-feng,et al.TheStructural Types and Depositional Characteristics ofCarbonate Platform in the Cambrian-Ordovician ofTarim Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2006,24(1):19-27.
[4]高志前,樊太亮,李岩,等.塔里木盆地寒武奥陶纪海平面升降变化规律研究[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2006,36(4):549-556.Gao Zhi-qian,Fan Tai-liang,Li Yan,et al.Study onEustatic Sea-Level Change Rule in CambrianOrdovician in Tarim Basin[J].Journal of JilinUniversity:Earth Science Edition,2006,36(4):549-556.
[5]张光亚,赵文智,王红军,等.塔里木盆地多旋回构造演化与复合含油气系统[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(5):653-662.Zhang Guang-ya,Zhao Wen-zhi,Wang Hong-jun,etal.Multicycle Tectonic Evolution and CompositePetroleum System sin the Tarim Basin[J].Oil and GasGeology,2007,28(5):653-662.
[6]Pigram C J,Davies P J,Feary D A,et al.TectonicControls on Carbonate Platform Evolution in SouthernPapua New Guinea:Passive Margin to Foreland Basin[J].Geology,1989,17:199-202.
[7]金之钧,云金表,周波.塔里木斜坡带类型、特征及其与油气聚集的关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(2):127-135.Jin Zhi-jun,Yun Jin-biao,Zhou Bo.Types andCharacteristics of Slope Zones in Tarim Basin andTheir Relationship with Oil Accumulation[J].Oil andGas Geology,2009,30(2):127-135.
[8]孔庆莹,程日辉.塔里木盆地孔雀河地区寒武系—下奥陶统沉积特征[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2010,40(3):527-534.Kong Qing-ying,Cheng Ri-hui.SedimentaryCharacteristics of Cambrian-Lower OrdovicianSequence in Peacock River Area in Tarim Basin,Xinjiang,NW China[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2010,40(3):527-534.
[9]杨树锋,陈汉林,董传万,等.西昆仑山库地蛇绿岩的特征及其构造意义[J].地质科学,1999,34(3):281-288.Yang Shu-feng,Chen Han-lin,Dong Chuan-wan,etal.The Characteristics of Kudi Ophiolite Suite and ItsTectonic Setting[J].Scientia Geologica Sinica,1999,34(3):281-288.
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